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Horn PJ, Chapman KD. Imaging plant metabolism in situ. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1654-1670. [PMID: 37889862 PMCID: PMC10938046 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as an invaluable analytical technique for investigating the spatial distribution of molecules within biological systems. In the realm of plant science, MSI is increasingly employed to explore metabolic processes across a wide array of plant tissues, including those in leaves, fruits, stems, roots, and seeds, spanning various plant systems such as model species, staple and energy crops, and medicinal plants. By generating spatial maps of metabolites, MSI has elucidated the distribution patterns of diverse metabolites and phytochemicals, encompassing lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, phenolics, terpenes, alkaloids, vitamins, pigments, and others, thereby providing insights into their metabolic pathways and functional roles. In this review, we present recent MSI studies that demonstrate the advances made in visualizing the plant spatial metabolome. Moreover, we emphasize the technical progress that enhances the identification and interpretation of spatial metabolite maps. Within a mere decade since the inception of plant MSI studies, this robust technology is poised to continue as a vital tool for tackling complex challenges in plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Horn
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton TX 76203, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton TX 76203, USA
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Ammanamanchi N, Yester J, Bargaje AP, Thomas D, Little KC, Janzef S, Francis K, Weinberg J, Johnson J, Seery T, Harris TH, Funari BJ, Rose-Felker K, Zinn M, Miller SA, West SC, Feingold B, Zhou H, Steinhauser ML, Csernica T, Michener R, Kühn B. Elimination of 15N-thymidine after oral administration in human infants. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295651. [PMID: 38271331 PMCID: PMC10810423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have developed a new clinical research approach for the quantification of cellular proliferation in human infants to address unanswered questions about tissue renewal and regeneration. The approach consists of oral 15N-thymidine administration to label cells in S-phase, followed by Multi-isotope Imaging Mass Spectrometry for detection of the incorporated label in cell nuclei. To establish the approach, we performed an observational study to examine uptake and elimination of 15N-thymidine. We compared at-home label administration with in-hospital administration in infants with tetralogy of Fallot, a form of congenital heart disease, and infants with heart failure. METHODS We examined urine samples from 18 infants who received 15N-thymidine (50 mg/kg body weight) by mouth for five consecutive days. We used Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry to determine enrichment of 15N relative to 14N (%) in urine. RESULTS/FINDINGS 15N-thymidine dose administration produced periodic rises of 15N enrichment in urine. Infants with tetralogy of Fallot had a 3.2-fold increase and infants with heart failure had a 4.3-fold increase in mean peak 15N enrichment over baseline. The mean 15N enrichment was not statistically different between the two patient populations (p = 0.103). The time to peak 15N enrichment in tetralogy of Fallot infants was 6.3 ± 1 hr and in infants with heart failure 7.5 ± 2 hr (mean ± SEM). The duration of significant 15N enrichment after a dose was 18.5 ± 1.7 hr in tetralogy of Fallot and in heart failure 18.2 ± 1.8 hr (mean ± SEM). The time to peak enrichment and duration of enrichment were also not statistically different (p = 0.617 and p = 0.887). CONCLUSIONS The presented results support two conclusions of significance for future applications: (1) Demonstration that 15N-thymidine label administration at home is equivalent to in-hospital administration. (2) Two different types of heart disease show no differences in 15N-thymidine absorption and elimination. This enables the comparative analysis of cellular proliferation between different types of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyatie Ammanamanchi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jessie Yester
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Anita P. Bargaje
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Dawn Thomas
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn C. Little
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Clinical Research Support Services (CRSS), Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Shannon Janzef
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Francis
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Weinberg
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Seery
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Tyler Hutchinson Harris
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Bryan J. Funari
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kirsten Rose-Felker
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Zinn
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Susan A. Miller
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Shawn C. West
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Brian Feingold
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Hairu Zhou
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Matthew L. Steinhauser
- UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Timothy Csernica
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert Michener
- Department of Biology, Boston University Stable Isotope Laboratory, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Bernhard Kühn
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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Wang Z, Zhu H, Xiong W. Advances in mass spectrometry-based multi-scale metabolomic methodologies and their applications in biological and clinical investigations. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2268-2284. [PMID: 37666722 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a nascent field of inquiry that emerged in the late 20th century. It encompasses the comprehensive profiling of metabolites across a spectrum of organisms, ranging from bacteria and cells to tissues. The rapid evolution of analytical methods and data analysis has greatly accelerated progress in this dynamic discipline over recent decades. Sophisticated techniques such as liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatograph MS, capillary electrophoresis MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance serve as the cornerstone of metabolomic analysis. Building upon these methods, a plethora of modifications and combinations have emerged to propel the advancement of metabolomics. Despite this progress, scrutinizing metabolism at the single-cell or single-organelle level remains an arduous task over the decades. Some of the most thrilling advancements, such as single-cell and single-organelle metabolic profiling techniques, offer profound insights into the intricate mechanisms within cells and organelles. This allows for a comprehensive study of metabolic heterogeneity and its pivotal role in multiple biological processes. The progress made in MS imaging has enabled high-resolution in situ metabolic profiling of tissue sections and even individual cells. Spatial reconstruction techniques enable the direct representation of metabolic distribution and alteration in three-dimensional space. The application of novel metabolomic techniques has led to significant breakthroughs in biological and clinical studies, including the discovery of novel metabolic pathways, determination of cell fate in differentiation, anti-aging intervention through modulating metabolism, metabolomics-based clinicopathologic analysis, and surgical decision-making based on on-site intraoperative metabolic analysis. This review presents a comprehensive overview of both conventional and innovative metabolomic techniques, highlighting their applications in groundbreaking biological and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongying Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Intelligent Processing, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Intelligent Processing, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, Hefei 230026, China.
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Nie LX, Huang LY, Wang XP, Lv LF, Yang XX, Jia XF, Kang S, Yao LW, Dai Z, Ma SC. Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Illustrates the Quality Characters of Isatidis Radix. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897528. [PMID: 35783961 PMCID: PMC9240750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For a long history, herbal medicines have made significant contributions to human health all around the world. However, the exploration of an effective approach to illustrate their inner quality remains a challenge. So, it is imperative to develop new methods and technologies to characterize and identify quality markers of herbal medicines. Taking Isatidis Radix, the dried root of Isatis indigotica as an example, desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), in combination with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF/MS), was applied in this work for the first time to reveal the comprehensive spatial distribution of metabolites and, further, to illustrate quality characters of this herbal medicine. After simple pretreatment, 102 metabolites including alkaloids, sulfur-containing compounds, phenylpropanoids, nucleosides, amino acids, organic acids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenes, saccharides, peptides, and sphingolipids were characterized, some of which were successfully localized and visualized in the transverse section of the root. Based on the ion images, samples with different quality characters were distinguished unambiguously by the pattern recognition method of orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). Simultaneously, 11 major influencing components exerting higher ion intensities in superior samples were identified as the potential quality markers of Isatidis Radix. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), together with chemometric analysis could not only improve the understanding of the plant biology of herbal medicines but also be beneficial in the identification of quality markers, so as to carry out better quality control of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xing Nie
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China
| | - Lie-Yan Huang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin-Feng Lv
- Shaoxing Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Shaoxing, China
| | | | | | - Shuai Kang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Wen Yao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Dai
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Herbal Medicine (CHN-139), Beijing, China
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