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Tiwari MK, Singh A, Khooha A, Goutam UK. Structural investigation of Ayurveda Lauha (Iron) Bhasma. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100690. [PMID: 36822148 PMCID: PMC9978626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In Ayurveda, 'Lauha' (Iron) Bhasma is primarily used to cure diseases related to iron deficiency in humans. It is produced from purified raw metallic iron using a combination of multi-step traditional preparation processes described in the Ayurveda literature. Here, we present the results of structural investigation performed on the medicinal grade 'Lauha' Bhasma using various X-ray based techniques. Our results indicate that after several rounds of heating and cooling in specific conditions following the Ayurvedic preparation procedure, metallic iron eventually converts to a natural iron-oxide mineral belonging to the magnetite group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray standing wave assisted fluorescence measurements carried out on powdered Bhasma specimen reveal that the magnetite micro-particles in the Bhasma specimen are usually present in the form of agglomerates of nano-particles. We anticipate that the Ayurvedic Lauha Bhasma has great potential for noninvasive localized target killing of cancer cells, particularly in sensitive parts of the human body such as the brain, spinal cord, and lungs, via necrosis by application of an alternating external magnetic field or photo electron generation through X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Tiwari
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Arjun Singh
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, 110058, India
| | - Ajay Khooha
- Accelerator Physics and Synchrotrons Utilization Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, 452013, India
| | - U K Goutam
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Dehghanpour HR. The Effects of Surfactant Changing on Physical Properties of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Produced in Coprecipitation Method. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023620080033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Erol K, Yıldız E, Alacabey İ, Karabörk M, Uzun L. Magnetic diatomite for pesticide removal from aqueous solution via hydrophobic interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33631-33641. [PMID: 31587166 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are highly hazardous chemicals for the environment and human health and their use in agriculture is constantly increasing. Although 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane 4,4'-DDT was banned at developed countries, it is still one of the most dangerous of chemical due to accumulation in the environment. It is known that the toxicity of DDT affects some enzyme systems biochemically. The main motivation of this study is to develop an effective adsorbate for the removal DDT, which was chosen as a model hydrophobic pesticide, out of aqueous systems. For this purpose, the bare diatomite particles were magnetically modified and a hydrophobic ligand attached to enhance its adsorptive and physio-chemical features. Under optimal conditions, a high adsorption capacity, around 120 mg/g with the hydrophobic and magnetic diatomite particles, modification of the diatomite particles reduced average pores diameter whereas surface area and total pore volume increased (around 15-folds). After five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, no significant decrease in adsorption capability was observed. The adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Flory-Huggins) applied to the data indicated that the adsorption process occurred via monolayer adsorption in an entropy-driven manner. The kinetic data also revealed the quick adsorption process without any diffusion limitations. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Erol
- Department of Property Protection and Security, Osmancık Ömer Derindere Vocational School, Hitit University, 19500, Osmancık, Turkey.
| | - Emrecan Yıldız
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İhsan Alacabey
- Vocational School of Health Services, Mardin Artuklu University, 47200, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Muharrem Karabörk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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Safari J, Hosseini Nasab N. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles in the layers of montmorillonite as a valuable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indolone derivatives in aqueous media. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Do QC, Kim DG, Ko SO. Nonsacrificial Template Synthesis of Magnetic-Based Yolk-Shell Nanostructures for the Removal of Acetaminophen in Fenton-like Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:28508-28518. [PMID: 28771304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, yolk-shell structured materials with active metal cores have received considerable attention in heterogeneous Fenton-like systems, which have excellent catalytic performance. In this study, we initially attempted the nonsacrificial template synthesis of yolk-shell structured nanoparticles with magnetite cores encapsulated in a mesoporous silica shell (Fe3O4@SiO2) via a modified sol-gel process and then evaluated their catalytic activity for acetaminophen degradation in Fenton-like systems. Second, copper nanoparticles were decorated on the surface of the Fe3O4@SiO2 microspheres (Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu) to enhance the catalytic activity. The morphological, structural, and physicochemical properties of the prepared materials were characterized via X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, specific surface area, ζ-potential, magnetic properties, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrated a successful fabrication of the targeted materials. The yolk-shell structured materials possess a spherical morphology with an active core, protective shell, and hollow void. The Fe3O4@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu variants showed acetaminophen removal rates significantly higher compared to those of their counterparts, i.e., the Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@Cu core-shell structures. Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu showed that the copper nanoparticles were firmly immobilized on the mesoporous silica shell, dramatically improving the catalytic performance. Both the yolk-shell structured Fe3O4@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu exhibited good separation and satisfactory regeneration properties, which could be recycled six times without any obvious decline in catalytic activity. Overall, the results of this study suggested that Fe3O4@SiO2 and Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu yolk-shell nanostructures could be promising catalysts for a heterogeneous Fenton-like system by which the removal of emerging contaminants can be greatly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Cuong Do
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University , 1732 Deokyoung-daero, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Gun Kim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University , 1732 Deokyoung-daero, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Oh Ko
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University , 1732 Deokyoung-daero, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
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Synthesis, structural, magnetoelectric and thermal properties of poly (anthranilic acid)/magnetite nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sadiq Mohamed MJ, Bhat Denthaje K. Novel RGO-ZnWO4-Fe3O4 Nanocomposite as an Efficient Catalyst for Rapid Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol to 4-Aminophenol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishna Bhat Denthaje
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India
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Araujo RT, Ferreira GR, Segura T, Souza FG, Machado F. An experimental study on the synthesis of poly(vinyl pivalate)-based magnetic nanocomposites through suspension polymerization process. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Selenium speciation using capillary electrophoresis coupled with modified electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after selective extraction with 5-sulfosalicylic acid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1395:173-9. [PMID: 25865795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method for selenium speciation in fermented bean curd wastewater and juice was described. This method involved sample extraction with 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)-functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs), capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation, and online detection with a modified electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) system. The modified interface for ETAAS allowed for the introduction of CE effluent directly through the end of the graphite tube. Elimination of the upper injection hole of the graphite tube reduced the loss of the anlayte and enhanced the detection sensitivity. The SSA-SMNPs were synthesized and used to extract trace amounts of selenite [Se(IV)], selenite [Se(VI)], selenomethionine (SeMet), and selenocystine (SeCys2) from dilute samples. The concentration enrichment factors for Se(VI), Se(IV), SeMet, and SeCys2 were 21, 29, 18, and 12, respectively, using the SSA-SMNPs extraction. The limits of detection for Se(VI), Se(IV), SeMet, and SeCys2 were 0.18, 0.17, 0.54, 0.49ngmL(-1), respectively. The RSD values (n=6) of method for intraday were observed between 0.7% and 2.9%. The RSD values of method for interday were less than 3.5%. The linear range of Se(VI) and Se(IV) were in the range of 0.5-200ngmL(-1), and the linear ranges of SeMet and SeCys2 were 2-500 and 2-1000ngmL(-1), respectively. The detection limits of this method were improved by 10 times due to the enrichment by the SSA-SMNP extraction. The contents of Se(VI) and Se(IV) in fermented bean curd wastewater were measured as 3.83 and 2.62ngmL(-1), respectively. The contents of Se(VI), Se(IV), SeMet, and SeCys2 in fermented bean curd juice were determined as 6.39, 4.08, 2.77, and 4.00ngmL(-1), respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 99.14-104.5% and the RSDs (n=6) of recoveries between 0.82% and 3.5%.
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Patil RM, Shete PB, Thorat ND, Otari SV, Barick KC, Prasad A, Ningthoujam RS, Tiwale BM, Pawar SH. Non-aqueous to aqueous phase transfer of oleic acid coated iron oxide nanoparticles for hyperthermia application. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44644a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Cheng JP, Ma R, Chen X, Shi D, Liu F, Zhang XB. Effect of ferric ions on the morphology and size of magnetite nanocrystals synthesized by ultrasonic irradiation. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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