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Li X, Ma R, Gao X, Li H, Wang S, Song G. Harnessing Atomically Dispersed Cobalt for the Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignocellulose. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310202. [PMID: 38493491 PMCID: PMC11165530 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulose, considering lignin valorization at design time, has demonstrated the entire utilization of all lignocellulose components; however, such processes always require catalysts based on precious metals or high-loaded nonprecious metals. Herein, the study develops an ultra-low loaded, atomically dispersed cobalt catalyst, which displays an exceptional performance in the RCF of lignocellulose. An approximately theoretical maximum yield of phenolic monomers (48.3 wt.%) from lignin is realized, rivaling precious metal catalysts. High selectivity toward 4-propyl-substituted guaiacol/syringol facilitates their purification and follows syntheses of highly adhesive polyesters. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are generated by simple treatment of the obtained phenolic dimers and oligomers. RCF-resulted carbohydrate pulp are more obedient to enzymatic hydrolysis. Experimental studies on lignin model compounds reveal the concerted cleavage of Cα-O and Cβ-O pathway for the rupture of β-O-4 structure. Overall, the approach involves valorizing products derived from lignin biopolymer, providing the opportunity for the comprehensive utilization of all components within lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Rumin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Xueying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Helong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Shuizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Guoyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
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2
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Jindal M, Uniyal P, Thallada B. Reductive catalytic fractionation as a novel pretreatment/lignin-first approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129396. [PMID: 37369316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Presently, the use of lignocellulosic biomass is mainly focused on creating pulp/paper, energy, sugars and bioethanol from the holocellulose component, leaving behind lignin to be discarded or burned as waste despite of its highest aromatic carbon and energy content (22-29 KJ/g). During the pulping process, lignin undergoes significant structural changes to yield technical lignin. For a circular bioeconomy, there is an urgent need to enhance the use of native lignin for generating more valuable products. Over the last few years, a new method called 'lignin-first', or 'reductive catalytic fractionation' (RCF), has been devised to achieve selective phenolic monomers under mild reaction conditions. This involves deconstructing lignin before capitalizing on carbohydrates. The objective of this study is to record the recent developments of the 'lignin-first' process. This review also underlines the contribution of RCF biorefinery towards achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) and concludes with an overview of challenges and upcoming opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Jindal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Uniyal
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhaksar Thallada
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248005, Uttarakhand, India.
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3
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Zhou H, Liu X, Guo Y, Wang Y. Self-Hydrogen Supplied Catalytic Fractionation of Raw Biomass into Lignin-Derived Phenolic Monomers and Cellulose-Rich Pulps. JACS AU 2023; 3:1911-1917. [PMID: 37502153 PMCID: PMC10369670 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most well-studied and promising green carbon sources. The fullest utilization of lignocellulosic biomass in hydrogen-free and mild conditions to produce phenolic monomers while preserving cellulose-rich pulps is challenging and has far-reaching significance. Here, we report an innovative strategy to convert lignocellulosic biomass into lignin oils and cellulose-rich pulps without exogenous hydrogen under mild conditions over a Pt/NiAl2O4 catalyst. In this process, the structural hydrogens in hemicellulose acted as a hydrogen source to realize the fractionation and depolymerization of lignin into phenolic monomers while keeping the cellulose intact, which is named self-hydrogen supplied catalytic fractionation (SCF). By using water as a solvent, the theoretical yield of phenolic monomers (46.6 wt %, with propyl(ethyl) end-chained syringol and guaiacol as main products) is achieved at 140 °C for 24 h, with 90% cellulose intact in birch sawdust. This H2-free process can be extended to other biomass (hardwood, softwood, and grass) and can be scaled up. The Pt/NiAl2O4 catalyst also shows good stability in recycling as well as regeneration treatment. This work provides a new strategy to achieve high utilization of lignocellulosic biomass for sustainable biorefinery by using water as a solvent without exogenous hydrogen under mild conditions.
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Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Technologies: A Perception into Recent Advances in Biomass Fractionation, Biorefineries, Economic Hurdles and Market Outlook. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB) are sustainable and abundantly available feedstocks for the production of biofuel and biochemicals via suitable bioconversion processing. The main aim of this review is to focus on strategies needed for the progression of viable lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries (integrated approaches) to generate biofuels and biochemicals. Processing biomass in a sustainable manner is a major challenge that demands the accomplishment of basic requirements relating to cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The challenges associated with biomass availability and the bioconversion process have been explained in detail in this review. Limitations associated with biomass structural composition can obstruct the feasibility of biofuel production, especially in mono-process approaches. In such cases, biorefinery approaches and integrated systems certainly lead to improved biofuel conversion. This review paper provides a summary of mono and integrated approaches, their limitations and advantages in LCB bioconversion to biofuel and biochemicals.
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Sun C, Song G, Pan Z, Tu M, Kharaziha M, Zhang X, Show PL, Sun F. Advances in organosolv modified components occurring during the organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128356. [PMID: 36414144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The valorization of organosolv pretreatment (OP) is a required approach to the industrialization of the current enzyme-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery. Recent literature has demonstrated that the solvolysis happening in the OP can modify the soluble components into value-added active compounds, namely organosolv modified lignin (OML) and organosolv modified sugars (OMSs), in addition to protecting them against excessive degradation. Among them, the OML is coincidental with the "lignin-first" strategy that should render a highly reactive lignin enriched with β-O-4 linkages and less condensed structure by organosolv grafting, which is desirable for the transformation into phenolic compounds. The OMSs are valuable glycosidic compounds mainly synthesized by trans-glycosylation, which can find potential applications in cosmetics, foods, and healthcare. Therefore, a state-of-the-art OP holds a big promise of lowering the process cost by the valorization of these active compounds. Recent advances in organosolv modified components are reviewed, and perspectives are made for addressing future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenying Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Maobing Tu
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Bautista-García D, Macias-José D, Aguillón-Rodríguez P, Pérez-Reyes O, Ortiz-Cervantes C. Cobalt catalysts (Co–N–C) for C–O bond cleavage in lignin-derived aryl ethers and lignin. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The transformation of lignin into value-added chemicals represents one of the relevant approaches for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bautista-García
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - David Macias-José
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Paola Aguillón-Rodríguez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Obed Pérez-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Legaria Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad, México, Mexico
| | - Carmen Ortiz-Cervantes
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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7
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Effective depolymerization of alkali lignin using an Attapulgite-Ce0.75Zr0.25O2(ATP-CZO)-supported cobalt catalyst in ethanol/isopropanol media. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Okoro OV, Nie L, Waeytens J, Hamidi M, Shavandi A. Thermochemical Liquefaction of Pomace Using Sub/Supercritical Ethanol: an Integrated Experimental and Preliminary Economic Feasibility Study. BIOENERGY RESEARCH 2022; 16:1-13. [PMID: 36157600 PMCID: PMC9483906 DOI: 10.1007/s12155-022-10511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fossil sourced chemicals such as aromatics, are widely employed in the chemical industry for the production of commodity items. Recognizing the un-sustainability of existing approaches in the production of these chemicals, the current study investigated the valorization of apple pomace (AP) for their production. The present study assessed AP valorization by imposing variations in processing conditions of temperature (100-260 °C), time (0.5-12 h), alcohol/water ratio v/v (0:1-1:0), and Fe3+/H2O2 molar ratio (10:1-100-1), in accordance to the Box-Behnken experimental design. The optimal yield of the oil was 24.6 wt.%, at the temperature, time, alcohol/water ratio v/v, and Fe3+/H2O2 molar ratio of 260 °C, 4.7 h, 1, and 100, respectively. Notably, the application of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy showed that the oil product contained mainly aromatics and interestingly also alkanes, indicating that the experimental conditions imposed promoted secondary hydrogenation reactions of oxygen-containing species during AP valorization. A consideration of the comparative economics of the proposed AP valorization and the existing AP management approach, using approximate estimation techniques, highlighted the potential of a ~ 59% reduction in the unit cost of AP management. The study therefore presents a compelling basis for future investigations into AP waste management using the thermochemical liquefaction technology. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000 China
| | - Jehan Waeytens
- Boulevard du Triomphe, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculté des sciences, Structure et fonction des membranes biologiques, CP206/2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles - 3BIO-BioMatter unit, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Wang Q, Xiao LP, Lv YH, Yin WZ, Hou CJ, Sun RC. Metal–Organic-Framework-Derived Copper Catalysts for the Hydrogenolysis of Lignin into Monomeric Phenols. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ling-Ping Xiao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yi-Hui Lv
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Yin
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chuan-Jin Hou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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10
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Rational highly dispersed ruthenium for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4716. [PMID: 35953497 PMCID: PMC9372153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing monomeric phenols from lignin biopolymer depolymerization in a detachable and efficient manner comes under the spotlight on the fullest utilization of sustainable lignocellulosic biomass. Here, we report a low-loaded and highly dispersed Ru anchored on a chitosan-derived N-doped carbon catalyst (RuN/ZnO/C), which exhibits outstanding performance in the reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose. Nearly theoretical maximum yields of phenolic monomers from lignin are achieved, corresponding to TON as 431 molphenols molRu−1, 20 times higher than that from commercial Ru/C catalyst; high selectivity toward propyl end-chained guaiacol and syringol allow them to be readily purified. The RCF leave high retention of (hemi)cellulose amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the successful breakdown of biomass recalcitrance. The RuN/ZnO/C catalyst shows good stability in recycling experiments as well as after a harsh hydrothermal treatment, benefiting from the coordination of Ru species with N atoms. Characterizations of the RuN/ZnO/C imply a transformation from Ru single atoms to nanoclusters under current reaction conditions. Time-course experiment, as well as reactivity screening of a series of lignin model compounds, offer insight into the mechanism of current RCF over RuN/ZnO/C. This work opens a new opportunity for achieving the valuable aromatic products from lignin and promoting the industrial economic feasibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Lignin valorization becomes the spotlight on the full utilization of biomass. Here, the authors report a highly dispersed Ru catalyst for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose, which affords monophenols in theoretical maximum yields, along with high preservation of carbohydrate.
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11
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Su S, Xiao LP, Chen X, Wang S, Chen XH, Guo Y, Zhai SR. Lignin-First Depolymerization of Lignocellulose into Monophenols over Carbon Nanotube-Supported Ruthenium: Impact of Lignin Sources. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200365. [PMID: 35438245 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin-first depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass into aromatics is of great significance to sustainable biorefinery. However, it remains a challenge, owing to the variance between lignin sources and structures. In this study, ruthenium supported on carbon nanotubes (Ru/CNT) exhibits efficient catalytic activity toward lignin hydrogenolysis to exclusively afford monophenols in high yields. Catalytic tests indicate that the yields of aromatic monomers are related to lignin sources and decrease in the order: hardwoods > herbaceous plants > softwoods. Experimental results demonstrate that the scission of C-O bonds and the high selectivity to monomeric aromatic compounds over the Ru/CNT catalyst are enhanced by avoiding side condensation. Furthermore, the fabricated Ru/CNT shows good reusability and recyclability, applicability, and biomass feedstock compatibility, rendering it a promising candidate for lignin valorization. These findings pave the way for rational design of highly active and stable catalysts to potentially address challenges in lignin chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Su
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ping Xiao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Jining University, Jining, 273155, P. R. China
| | - Shuizhong Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Ru Zhai
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
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12
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Li P, Ren J, Jiang Z, Huang L, Wu C, Wu W. Review on the preparation of fuels and chemicals based on lignin. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10289-10305. [PMID: 35424980 PMCID: PMC8972114 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01341j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is by far the most abundant natural renewable aromatic polymer in nature, and its reserves are second only to cellulose. In addition to the rich carbon content, the structure of lignin contains functional groups such as benzene rings, methoxyl groups, and phenolic hydroxyl groups. Lignin degradation has become one of the high value, high quality and high efficiency methods to convert lignin, which is of great significance to alleviating the current energy shortage and environmental crisis. This article introduces the hydrolysis methods of lignin in acidic, alkaline, ionic liquids and supercritical fluids, reviews the heating rate, the source of lignin species and the effects of heating rate on the pyrolysis of lignin, and briefly describes the metal catalysis, oxidation methods such as electrochemical degradation and photocatalytic oxidation, and degradation reduction methods using hydrogen and hydrogen supply reagents. The lignin degradation methods for the preparation of fuels and chemicals are systematically summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods, the selectivity under different conditions and the degradation efficiency of different catalytic combination systems are compared. In this paper, a new approach to improve the degradation efficiency is envisioned in order to contribute to the efficient utilization and high value conversion of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Jianpeng Ren
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Zhengwei Jiang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Lijing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Caiwen Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China.,College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
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13
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Chen J, Wang D, Lu X, Guo H, Xiu P, Qin Y, Xu C, Gu X. Effect of Cobalt(II) on Acid-Modified Attapulgite-Supported Catalysts on the Depolymerization of Alkali Lignin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Haoquan Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Xiu
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qin
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Chaozhong Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
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14
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Guo T, Liu T, He J, Zhang Y. One‐Pot Transformation of Lignin and Lignin Model Compounds into Benzimidazoles. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Tianwei Liu
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Jianghua He
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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15
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Tang D, Huang X, Tang W, Jin Y. Lignin-to-chemicals: Application of catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin to produce phenols and terephthalic acid via metal-based catalysts. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:72-85. [PMID: 34480907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the only renewable aromatic material in nature and contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups. High-value and green utilization of "lignin-to-chemicals" can be realized via using lignin to produce fine chemicals such as phenols and carboxylic acids, which can not only reduce the waste of lignin in the process of lignocellulosic biomass treatment, but gradually make the substitution of traditional fossil fuels come true. The hydrogenolysis process under catalysis of metal catalyst has high product selectivity and less impurity, which is suitable for the production of same type or single fine chemicals. Hydrogenolysis of lignin via metal catalysts to produce lignin oil, and further modification of functional groups (e.g. methoxyl, alkyl and hydroxyl group) of depolymerized monomers in the bio-oil to yeild phenols and terephthalic acid are reviewed, and catalytic mechanisms are briefly summarized in this paper. Finally, the problems of lignin catalytic conversion existing currently are investigated, and the future development of this field is also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daobin Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Weizhong Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yanqiao Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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16
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Shen C, Li W, Zhang B, Xue F, Dou X, Zhang X, Jiang Y. Valorization of lignin in native corn stover via fractionation-hydrogenolysis process over cobalt-supported catalyst without external hydrogen. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Wu D, Wang Q, Safonova OV, Peron DV, Zhou W, Yan Z, Marinova M, Khodakov AY, Ordomsky VV. Lignin Compounds to Monoaromatics: Selective Cleavage of C-O Bonds over a Brominated Ruthenium Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12513-12523. [PMID: 33730419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cleavage of C-O linkages in aryl ethers in biomass-derived lignin compounds without hydrogenation of the aromatic rings is a major challenge for the production of sustainable mono-aromatics. Conventional strategies over the heterogeneous metal catalysts require the addition of homogeneous base additives causing environmental problems. Herein, we propose a heterogeneous Ru/C catalyst modified by Br atoms for the selective direct cleavage of C-O bonds in diphenyl ether without hydrogenation of aromatic rings reaching the yield of benzene and phenol as high as 90.3 % and increased selectivity to mono-aromatics (97.3 vs. 46.2 % for initial Ru) during depolymerization of lignin. Characterization of the catalyst indicates selective poisoning by Br of terrace sites over Ru nanoparticles, which are active in the hydrogenation of aromatic rings, while the defect sites on the edges and corners remain available and provide higher intrinsic activity in the C-O bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464, CNRS-Solvay, 201108, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464, CNRS-Solvay, 201108, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Deizi V Peron
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464, CNRS-Solvay, 201108, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464, CNRS-Solvay, 201108, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Maya Marinova
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Andrei Y Khodakov
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vitaly V Ordomsky
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
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18
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Wu D, Wang Q, Safonova OV, Peron DV, Zhou W, Yan Z, Marinova M, Khodakov AY, Ordomsky VV. Lignin Compounds to Monoaromatics: Selective Cleavage of C−O Bonds over a Brominated Ruthenium Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 201108 Shanghai P. R. China
- Univ. Lille CNRS Centrale Lille ENSCL Univ. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 201108 Shanghai P. R. China
- Univ. Lille CNRS Centrale Lille ENSCL Univ. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | | | - Deizi V. Peron
- Univ. Lille CNRS Centrale Lille ENSCL Univ. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 201108 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 201108 Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Maya Marinova
- Univ. Lille CNRS INRAE Centrale Lille Univ. Artois FR 2638 – IMEC – Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul 59000 Lille France
| | - Andrei Y. Khodakov
- Univ. Lille CNRS Centrale Lille ENSCL Univ. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
| | - Vitaly V. Ordomsky
- Univ. Lille CNRS Centrale Lille ENSCL Univ. Artois UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide 59000 Lille France
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19
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Zhang J, Su Z, Wu Z, Wang P, Xiao FS. Basic carrier promoted Pt-catalyzed hydrogenolysis of alkaline lignin. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Yan B, Lin X, Chen Z, Cai Q, Zhang S. Selective production of phenolic monomers via high efficient lignin depolymerization with a carbon based nickel-iron-molybdenum carbide catalyst under mild conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124503. [PMID: 33310408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an abundant renewable source of bio-aromatics and its valorization is of great importance. In this work, an efficient non-precious carbon based metal-Mo2C catalytic system for selective production of phenolic monomers (PMs) from organosolv lignin depolymerization is proposed. With the optimized catalyst of Ni-Fe-Mo2C, 89.56% of liquefaction and 35.53% of PMs yields were achieved under 260 ℃ for 4 h with water-methanol (4:1 v/v) solvent. Characterization of the catalysts shows that the induction of Ni-Fe species was favor for the formation of β-Mo2C, and efficiently promoted the lignin liquefaction. The decoration of Ni/Fe can also change the side chain hydrogenolysis ability of the catalyst and exhibite high yield for 4-ethylphenol (14.77%) production. Methanol, used as co-solvent, was found to play an important role in PMs production and lignin depolymerization. These results demonstrated that the Ni-Fe-Mo2C catalytic system has potential to produce valuable phenolic monomers from lignin under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Yan
- Research Center for Biomass Energy, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Research Center for Biomass Energy, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Research Center for Biomass Energy, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qinjie Cai
- Research Center for Biomass Energy, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Research Center for Biomass Energy, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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21
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang W, Liu L, Hu C. Torrefaction at 200 °C of Pubescens Pretreated with AlCl 3 Aqueous Solution at Room Temperature. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27709-27722. [PMID: 33134735 PMCID: PMC7594324 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal salt soaking-torrefaction conversion technology was investigated. It was found that AlCl3 pretreatment of pubescens favored observably the yield of liquid and small-molecular products in torrefaction via changing the composition and structure of the raw material. The maximum conversion of pretreated samples, washed (PSW) and Y liquid were 15.5 and 10.8 wt % (with 0.26 wt % monosaccharides, 0.26 wt % carboxylic acids, 0.38 wt % furan compounds, and 1.28 wt % phenols), where 20.4 wt % hemicellulose, 22.9 wt % cellulose, and 5.7 wt % lignin were converted, respectively. However, for pretreated samples (PS), the maximum conversion and Y liquid reached 44.2 and 32.1 wt %, respectively, along with 96.0 wt % hemicellulose and 31.8 wt % cellulose converted, yielding 2.39 wt % monosaccharides, 5.14 wt % carboxylic acids, 2.60 wt % furan compounds and 10.52 wt % phenols, indicating obvious catalytic effects of residual AlCl3 on the decomposition of the three major components in torrefaction. Two-dimensional HSQC and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) characterizations further confirmed the dominant formation of oligomers derived from holocellulose, lignin, and cross-linkage involving the lignin-carbohydrate complex, indicating that the catalytic thermal cleavage of β-O-4, C-O-C, β-β, 5-5, 4-O-5, Cα-Cβ, and α-O-4 linkages by aluminum species in the samples benefited the yield of liquid as well as monophenols.
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22
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Park J, Cahyadi HS, Mushtaq U, Verma D, Han D, Nam KW, Kwak SK, Kim J. Highly Efficient Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass over Extremely Low-Loaded Pd Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Handi Setiadi Cahyadi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Umair Mushtaq
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro,
Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak Verma
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro,
Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Daseul Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Wan Nam
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, 30, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 Unist-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro,
Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
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23
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Liu X, Bouxin FP, Fan J, Budarin VL, Hu C, Clark JH. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin towards Phenolic Chemicals: A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4296-4317. [PMID: 32662564 PMCID: PMC7540457 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient valorization of lignin could dictate the success of the 2nd generation biorefinery. Lignin, accounting for on average a third of the lignocellulosic biomass, is the most promising candidate for sustainable production of value-added phenolics. However, the structural alteration induced during lignin isolation is often depleting its potential for value-added chemicals. Recently, catalytic reductive depolymerization of lignin has appeared to be a promising and effective method for its valorization to obtain phenolic monomers. The present study systematically summarizes the far-reaching and state-of-the-art lignin valorization strategies during different stages, including conventional catalytic depolymerization of technical lignin, emerging reductive catalytic fractionation of protolignin, stabilization strategies to inhibit the undesired condensation reactions, and further catalytic upgrading of lignin-derived monomers. Finally, the potential challenges for the future researches on the efficient valorization of lignin and possible solutions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
- Green Chemistry Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Florent P Bouxin
- Green Chemistry Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Vitaliy L Budarin
- Green Chemistry Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
| | - James H Clark
- Green Chemistry Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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24
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Li H, Liu M, Liu H, Luo N, Zhang C, Wang F. Amine-Mediated Bond Cleavage in Oxidized Lignin Models. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4660-4665. [PMID: 32539209 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introducing amines/ammonia into lignin cracking will allow novel bond cleavage pathways. Herein, a method of amines/ammonia-mediated bond cleavage in oxidized lignin β-O-4 models was studied using a copper catalyst at room temperature, demonstrating the effect of the amine source on the selectivity of products. For primary and secondary aliphatic amines, lignin ketone models underwent oxidative Cα -Cβ bond cleavage and Cα -N bond formation to generate aromatic amides. For ammonia, the competition between oxygen and ammonia determined the selectivity between Cα -N and Cβ -N bond formation, generating amides and α-keto amides, respectively. For tertiary amines, the lignin models underwent oxidative Cα -Cβ bond cleavage to benzoic acids. Control experiments indicated that amines act as nucleophiles attacking at the Cα or Cβ position of the oxidized β-O-4 linkage to be cleaved. This study represents a novel example that the breakage of oxidized lignin model can be regulated by amines with a copper catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Meijiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Nengchao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
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25
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Sun RC. Lignin Source and Structural Characterization. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4385-4393. [PMID: 32638547 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a primary component of lignocellulosic biomass and an underutilized feedstock in the growing pulping and biofuel industries. Currently, over 50 million tons of industrial lignin are produced annually from pulping and bioethanol processes in the world. Around 95 % of industrial lignin is burned as fuel in heat and power plants due to its complicated, destructive, and condensed structures hindering direct industrial utilization, while the remaining 5 % of lignin is used for potential applications, such as additives, binders, dispersants, and surfactants, through modification. Meanwhile, different biorefinery processes also produce a considerable amount of lignin with various structural features and properties. The development of technologies for its structural characterization is currently desirable for lignin valorization, which will improve the techno-economics of applications of lignins in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Cang Sun
- Center for Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
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26
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De Santi A, Galkin MV, Lahive CW, Deuss PJ, Barta K. Lignin-First Fractionation of Softwood Lignocellulose Using a Mild Dimethyl Carbonate and Ethylene Glycol Organosolv Process. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4468-4477. [PMID: 32103576 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A mild lignin-first acidolysis process (140 °C, 40 min) was developed using the benign solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethylene glycol (EG) as a stabilization agent/solvent to produce a high yield of aromatic monophenols directly from softwood lignocellulose (pine, spruce, cedar, and Douglas fir) with a depolymerization efficiency of 77-98 %. Under the optimized conditions (140 °C, 40 min, 400 wt % EG and 2 wt % H2 SO4 to pinewood), up to 9 wt % of the aromatic monophenol was produced, reaching a degree of delignification in pinewood of 77 %. Cellulose was also preserved, as evidenced by a 85 % glucose yield after enzymatic digestion. An in-depth analysis of the depolymerization oil was conducted by using GC-MS, HPLC, 2 D-NMR, and size-exclusion chromatography, which provided structural insights into lignin-derived dimers and oligomers and the composition of the sugars and derived molecules. Mass balance evaluation was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra De Santi
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maxim V Galkin
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ciaran W Lahive
- Department of Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Deuss
- Department of Chemical Engineering (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katalin Barta
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
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27
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Cooreman E, Vangeel T, Van Aelst K, Van Aelst J, Lauwaert J, Thybaut JW, Van den Bosch S, Sels BF. Perspective on Overcoming Scale-Up Hurdles for the Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignocellulose Biomass. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Cooreman
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thijs Vangeel
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Korneel Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lauwaert
- Industrial Catalysis and Adsorption Technology (INCAT), Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris W. Thybaut
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sander Van den Bosch
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering (CSCE), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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28
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Korányi TI, Fridrich B, Pineda A, Barta K. Development of 'Lignin-First' Approaches for the Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Molecules 2020; 25:E2815. [PMID: 32570887 PMCID: PMC7356833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, valorization of lignocellulosic biomass almost exclusively focuses on the production of pulp, paper, and bioethanol from its holocellulose constituent, while the remaining lignin part that comprises the highest carbon content, is burned and treated as waste. Lignin has a complex structure built up from propylphenolic subunits; therefore, its valorization to value-added products (aromatics, phenolics, biogasoline, etc.) is highly desirable. However, during the pulping processes, the original structure of native lignin changes to technical lignin. Due to this extensive structural modification, involving the cleavage of the β-O-4 moieties and the formation of recalcitrant C-C bonds, its catalytic depolymerization requires harsh reaction conditions. In order to apply mild conditions and to gain fewer and uniform products, a new strategy has emerged in the past few years, named 'lignin-first' or 'reductive catalytic fractionation' (RCF). This signifies lignin disassembly prior to carbohydrate valorization. The aim of the present work is to follow historically, year-by-year, the development of 'lignin-first' approach. A compact summary of reached achievements, future perspectives and remaining challenges is also given at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás I. Korányi
- Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege M. u. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Fridrich
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Antonio Pineda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Ed. Marie Curie (C 3), Campus of Rabanales, Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Katalin Barta
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.F.); (K.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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O’Dea RM, Willie JA, Epps TH. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Polymers from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Current Challenges and Future Opportunities. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:476-493. [PMID: 35648496 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable polymers from lignocellulosic biomass have the potential to reduce the environmental impact of commercial plastics while also offering significant performance and cost benefits relative to petrochemical-derived macromolecules. However, most currently available biobased polymers are hampered by insufficient thermomechanical properties, low economic feasibility (e.g., high relative cost), and reduced scalability in comparison to petroleum-based incumbents. Future biobased materials must overcome these limitations to be competitive in the marketplace. Additionally, sustainability challenges at the beginning and end of the polymer lifecycle need to be addressed using green chemistry practices and improved end-of-life waste management strategies. This viewpoint provides an overview of recent developments that can mitigate many concerns with present materials and discusses key aspects of next-generation, biobased polymers derived from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. O’Dea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jordan A. Willie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Thomas H. Epps
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Research in Soft matter and Polymers (CRiSP), University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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30
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Gale M, Cai CM, Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz KL. Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High-Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1947-1966. [PMID: 31899593 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin valorization has risen as a promising pathway to supplant the use of petrochemicals for chemical commodities and fuels. However, the challenges of separating and breaking down lignin from lignocellulosic biomass are the primary barriers to success. Integrated biorefinery systems that incorporate both homo- and heterogeneous catalysis for the upgrading of lignin intermediates have emerged as a viable solution. Homogeneous catalysis can perform selected chemistries, such as the hydrolysis and dehydration of ester or ether bonds, that are more suitable for the pretreatment and fractionation of biomass. Heterogeneous catalysis, however, offers a tunable platform for the conversion of extracted lignin into chemicals, fuels, and materials. Tremendous effort has been invested in elucidating the necessary factors for the valorization of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, with efforts to explore more robust methods to drive down costs. Current progress in lignin conversion has fostered numerous advances, but understanding the key catalyst design principles is important for advancing the field. This Minireview aims to provide a summary on the fundamental design principles for the selective conversion of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, including the pairing of catalyst metals, supports, and solvents. The review puts a particular focus on the use of bimetallic catalysts on porous supports as a strategy for the selective conversion of lignin. Finally, future research on the valorization of lignin is proposed on the basis of recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gale
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
| | - Charles M Cai
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 1084 Columbia Avenue, Riverside, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Kandis Leslie Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 313 Material Science and Engineering Building, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
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31
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Chen S, Sun S, Zhong C, Wang T, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Bioconversion of lignocellulose and simultaneous production of cellulase, ligninase and bioflocculants by Alcaligenes faecalis-X3. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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