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Zhou TY, Tian N, Li L, Yu R. Iridoids modulate inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: A review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:210-222. [PMID: 38631983 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention. DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes. Given the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms, current interventions, including drugs, dietary modifications, exercise, hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods, often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. Iridoids, primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs, have been the subject of long-standing research. Preclinical data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties; however, there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of DKD. This article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this condition. Additionally, it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora, potentially bolstering their therapeutic effects. This review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD, offering valuable insights for future research endeavors. Please cite this article as: Zhou TY, Tian N, Li L, Yu R. Iridoids modulate inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: A review. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(3): 210-222.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Yi Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Tian
- The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liu Li
- The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Rong Yu
- The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions and Zheng, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China.
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Xia B, Ding J, Li Q, Zheng K, Wu J, Huang C, Liu K, You Q, Yuan X. Loganin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis via activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Int J Cardiol 2024; 395:131426. [PMID: 37813285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a pathological process that follows immediate revascularization of myocardial infarction and is characterized by exacerbation of cardiac injury. Loganin, a monoterpene iridoid glycoside derived from Cornus officinalis Sieb. Et Zucc, can exert cardioprotective effects in cardiac hypertrophy and atherosclerosis. However, its role in ischemic heart disease remains largely unknown. METHODS Considering that Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has a protective effect on the heart, we developed a mouse model of MIRI to investigate the potential role of this pathway in loganin-induced cardioprotection. RESULTS Our results showed that treatment with loganin (20 mg/kg) prevented the enlargement of myocardial infarction, myocyte destruction, serum markers of cardiac injury, and deterioration of cardiac function induced by MIRI. Myocardium subjected to I/R treatment exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress, as indicated by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and dihydroethidium (DHE) density and a decrease in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas treatment with loganin showed significant attenuation of I/R-induced oxidative stress. Loganin treatment also increased the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and reduced the expression of caspase-3/9, Bax, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in ischemic cardiac tissue. Moreover, treatment with loganin triggered JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation, and AG490, a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, partially abrogated the cardioprotective effects of loganin, indicating the essential role of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in the cardioprotective effects of loganin. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that loganin protects the heart from I/R injury by inhibiting I/R-induced oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis via activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Xia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Koulong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingsheng You
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaomei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Li W, Fan P, Wang X, Tang H. Loganin alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through GLP-1R/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2730-2740. [PMID: 37497884 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of main pathological manifestations of cardiovascular outcomes related to NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis pathway. Loganin is an iridoid glycoside extracted from traditional Chinese medicines, which has multiple activities. However, the roles and mechanism of loganin in myocardial I/R injury remain largely unknown. The models of myocardial I/R injury were established using I/R-treated rats or OGD/R-treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Myocardial damage was assessed by TTC and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Pyroptosis-related marker levels were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blotting assays. Cell proliferation was examined via EdU assay. Cell apoptosis was investigated by LDH release and flow cytometry. The integrity of cell membrane was analyzed via Dil staining. GLP-1R and NLRP3 levels were detected by immunofluorescence and western blotting assays. Our results showed that loganin suppressed I/R-induced myocardial damage in rats by reducing myocardial infarct, injury and pyroptosis. In addition, loganin attenuated OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through increasing cell proliferation and reducing LDH release and apoptotic rate. Loganin also mitigated OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis by reducing cell membrane damage and levels of cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, loganin repressed GLP-1R/NLRP3 pathway activation in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes by enhancing GLP-1R expression and decreasing NLRP3 level. GLP-1R/NLRP3 activation by GLP-1R inhibition or NLRP3 overexpression reversed the suppressive effects of loganin on OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. These data indicated that loganin prevented OGD/R-induced proliferation inhibition, apoptosis and pyroptosis in OGD/R-treated cardiomyocytes by inhibiting GLP-1R/NLRP3 activity, indicating the therapeutic potential of loganin in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfan Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Fan
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Yu JT, Fan S, Li XY, Hou R, Hu XW, Wang JN, Shan RR, Dong ZH, Xie MM, Dong YH, Shen XY, Jin J, Wen JG, Liu MM, Wang W, Meng XM. Novel insights into STAT3 in renal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115166. [PMID: 37473682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cell-signal transcription factor that has attracted considerable attention in recent years. The stimulation of cytokines and growth factors can result in the transcription of a wide range of genes that are crucial for several cellular biological processes involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. STAT3 has attracted considerable interest as a result of a recent upsurge in study because of their role in directing the innate immune response and sustaining inflammatory pathways, which is a key feature in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including renal disorders. Several pathological conditions which may involve STAT3 include diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. STAT3 is expressed in various renal tissues under these pathological conditions. To better understand the role of STAT3 in the kidney and provide a theoretical foundation for STAT3-targeted therapy for renal disorders, this review covers the current work on the activities of STAT3 and its mechanisms in the pathophysiological processes of various types of renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Tao Yu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Run-Run Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ze-Hui Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man-Man Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Hang Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Shen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032 China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Kong X, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yu Y, Meng Y, Yan G, Yu M, Jiang L, Song W, Wang B, Wang X. Loganin reduces diabetic kidney injury by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110640. [PMID: 37473909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an essential cause of end-stage renal disease. The ongoing inflammatory response in the proximal tubule promotes the progression of DKD. Timely and effective blockade of the inflammatory process to protect the kidney during DKD progression is a proven strategy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of loganin on diabetic nephropathy in vivo and in vitro and whether this effect was related to the inhibition of pyroptosis. The results indicated that loganin reduced fasting blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine concentrations, and alleviated renal pathological changes in DKD mice. In parallel, loganin downregulated the expression of pyroptosis related proteins in the renal tubules of DKD mice and decreased serum levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that loganin attenuated high glucose-induced HK-2 cell injury by reducing the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, and cytokine levels were also decreased. These fundings were also confirmed in the polyphyllin VI (PPVI) -induced HK-2 cell pyroptosis model. Loganin reduces high glucose induced HK-2 cells pyroptosis by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. In conclusion, the inhibition of pyroptosis via inhibition of the NLRP3/Caspase-1/Gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway might be an essential mechanism for loganin treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangri Kong
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China; Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xingye Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yongjiang Yu
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Meng
- College of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Guanchi Yan
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lihong Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wu Song
- College of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Bingmei Wang
- College of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Endocrinology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Shi Y, Shi X, Zhao M, Chang M, Ma S, Zhang Y. Ferroptosis: A new mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine compounds for treating acute kidney injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114849. [PMID: 37172334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health concern owing to its high morbidity and mortality rates, to which there are no drugs or treatment methods, except for renal replacement therapy. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic targets and drugs for treating AKI is urgent. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and lipid-peroxidation-driven regulatory form of cell death and is closely associated with the occurrence and development of AKI. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in treating AKI due to its natural origin and efficacy. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis and its role in AKI, and TCM compounds that play essential roles in the prevention and treatment of AKI by inhibiting ferroptosis. This review suggests ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for AKI, and that TCM compounds show broad prospects in the treatment of AKI by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
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Sun X, Huang N, Li P, Dong X, Yang J, Zhang X, Zong WX, Gao S, Xin H. TRIM21 ubiquitylates GPX4 and promotes ferroptosis to aggravate ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Life Sci 2023; 321:121608. [PMID: 36958437 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to verify the molecular mechanism that Tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21) promotes ubiquitination degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) by regulating ferroptosis, and to discuss the feasibility of TRIM21 as a new therapeutic target for acute kidney injury (AKI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-AKI model was constructed using Trim21+/+ and Trim21-/- mice, and the expression of markers associated with kidney injury and ferroptosis were evaluated. HK-2 cells were treated by RSL3 and Erastin, and a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was constructed to simulate I/R injury in vivo. KEY FINDINGS In vivo, TRIM21 is highly expressed in I/R kidney tissues. Loss of TRIM21 alleviated I/R-AKI and improved renal function. The upregulation of GPX4, a key ferroptosis regulator, and the mild mitochondrial damage suggested that loss of TRIM21 had a negative regulation of ferroptosis. In vitro, TRIM21 was highly expressed in H/R models, and overexpression of TRIM21 in HK-2 cells increased ROS production, promoted intracellular iron accumulation, and boosted cellular sensitivity to RSL3 and Erastin. Mechanistically, we confirmed that GPX4 is a substrate of TRIM21 and can be degraded by TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination, suggesting that inhibiting TRIM21 attenuates ferroptosis. A JAK2 inhibitor Fedratinib downregulated TRIM21 expression and reduced damage both in vivo and in vitro, which is correlated with the upregulation of GPX4. SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed that loss of TRIM21 could alleviate ferroptosis induced by I/R, revealed the mechanism of ubiquitination degradation of GPX4 by TRIM21 and suggested TRIM21 is a potential target for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinyi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiahong Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Shenglan Gao
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling correlates with the preventive effect of loganin on oxidative injury in ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:271-284. [PMID: 36018494 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loganin, a type of iridoid glycoside derived from Corni Fructus, is known to have beneficial effects various chronic diseases. However, studies on mechanisms related to antioxidant efficacy in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells have not yet been conducted. OBJECTIVES This study was to investigate whether loganin could inhibit oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human RPE ARPE-19 cells. METHODS The preventive effect of loganin on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage and apoptosis was investigated. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting analysis were applied to evaluate the related mechanisms. RESULTS The loss of cell viability and increased ROS accumulation in H2O2-treated ARPE-19 cells were significantly abrogated by loganin pretreatment, which was associated with activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Loganin also markedly attenuated H2O2-induced DNA damage, ultimately ameliorating apoptosis. In addition, H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was reversed in the presence of loganin as indicated by preservation of mitochondrial integrity, decrease of Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, reduction of caspase-3 activity and suppression of cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm. However, zinc protoporphyrin, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, remarkably alleviated the preventive effect offered by loganin against H2O2-mediated ARPE-19 cell injury, suggesting a critical role of Nrf2-mediated activation of HO-1 in the antioxidant activity of loganin. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that loganin-induced activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis is at least involved in protecting at least ARPE-19 cells from oxidative injury.
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