2
|
Görföl T, Huang JCC, Csorba G, Győrössy D, Estók P, Kingston T, Szabadi KL, McArthur E, Senawi J, Furey NM, Tu VT, Thong VD, Khan FAA, Jinggong ER, Donnelly M, Kumaran JV, Liu JN, Chen SF, Tuanmu MN, Ho YY, Chang HC, Elias NA, Abdullah NI, Lim LS, Squire CD, Zsebők S. ChiroVox: a public library of bat calls. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12445. [PMID: 35070499 PMCID: PMC8761365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recordings of bat echolocation and social calls are used for many research purposes from ecological studies to taxonomy. Effective use of these relies on identification of species from the recordings, but comparative recordings or detailed call descriptions to support identification are often lacking for areas with high biodiversity. The ChiroVox website (https://www.chirovox.org) was created to facilitate the sharing of bat sound recordings together with their metadata, including biodiversity data and recording circumstances. To date, more than 30 researchers have contributed over 3,900 recordings of nearly 200 species, making ChiroVox the largest open-access bat call library currently available. Each recording has a unique identifier that can be cited in publications; hence the acoustic analyses are repeatable. Most of the recordings available through the website are from bats whose species identities are confirmed, so they can be used to determine species in recordings where the bats were not captured or could not be identified. We hope that with the help of the bat researcher community, the website will grow rapidly and will serve as a solid source for bat acoustic research and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Görföl
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary,National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Joe Chun-Chia Huang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia,Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Gábor Csorba
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Győrössy
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary,Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Péter Estók
- Department of Zoology, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Eger, Hungary
| | - Tigga Kingston
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Kriszta Lilla Szabadi
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary,Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ellen McArthur
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Senawi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Neil M. Furey
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Harrison Institute, Kent, United Kingdom,Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Vuong Tan Tu
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vu Dinh Thong
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Emy Ritta Jinggong
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Melissa Donnelly
- Operation Wallacea Ltd., Lincolnshire, United Kingdom,Proyecto CUBABAT, Matanzas, Cuba
| | - Jayaraj Vijaya Kumaran
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Global Entrepreneurship Research & Innovation Center, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Jian-Nan Liu
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Fan Chen
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Center for General Education, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Ning Tuanmu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Ho
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Nurul-Ain Elias
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nur-Izzati Abdullah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia,School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Lee-Sim Lim
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C Daniel Squire
- Southeast Asian Bat Conservation Research Unit, Lubbock, TX, United States of America,Department of Educational Psychology & Leadership, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Sándor Zsebők
- Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary,Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Supp SR, Bohrer G, Fieberg J, La Sorte FA. Estimating the movements of terrestrial animal populations using broad-scale occurrence data. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:60. [PMID: 34895345 PMCID: PMC8665594 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As human and automated sensor networks collect increasingly massive volumes of animal observations, new opportunities have arisen to use these data to infer or track species movements. Sources of broad scale occurrence datasets include crowdsourced databases, such as eBird and iNaturalist, weather surveillance radars, and passive automated sensors including acoustic monitoring units and camera trap networks. Such data resources represent static observations, typically at the species level, at a given location. Nonetheless, by combining multiple observations across many locations and times it is possible to infer spatially continuous population-level movements. Population-level movement characterizes the aggregated movement of individuals comprising a population, such as range contractions, expansions, climate tracking, or migration, that can result from physical, behavioral, or demographic processes. A desire to model population movements from such forms of occurrence data has led to an evolving field that has created new analytical and statistical approaches that can account for spatial and temporal sampling bias in the observations. The insights generated from the growth of population-level movement research can complement the insights from focal tracking studies, and elucidate mechanisms driving changes in population distributions at potentially larger spatial and temporal scales. This review will summarize current broad-scale occurrence datasets, discuss the latest approaches for utilizing them in population-level movement analyses, and highlight studies where such analyses have provided ecological insights. We outline the conceptual approaches and common methodological steps to infer movements from spatially distributed occurrence data that currently exist for terrestrial animals, though similar approaches may be applicable to plants, freshwater, or marine organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R. Supp
- Data Analytics Program, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023 USA
| | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - John Fieberg
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Frank A. La Sorte
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gessinger G, Page R, Wilfert L, Surlykke A, Brinkløv S, Tschapka M. Phylogenetic Patterns in Mouth Posture and Echolocation Emission Behavior of Phyllostomid Bats. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.630481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While phyllostomid bats show an impressive range of feeding habits, most of them emit highly similar echolocation calls. Due to the presence of an often prominent noseleaf, it has long been assumed that all phyllostomids emit echolocation calls exclusively through the nostrils rather than through the mouth. However, photo evidence documents also phyllostomid bats flying with an opened mouth. We hypothesized that all phyllostomid species emit echolocation calls only through the nostrils and therefore fly consistently with a closed mouth, and that observations of an open mouth should be a rare and random behavior among individuals and species. Using a high-speed camera and standardized conditions in a flight cage, we screened 40 phyllostomid species. Behavior varied distinctly among the species and mouth posture shows a significant phylogenetic signal. Bats of the frugivorous subfamilies Rhinophyllinae and Carolliinae, the nectarivorous subfamilies Glossophaginae and Lonchophyllinae, and the sanguivorous subfamily Desmodontinae all flew consistently with open mouths. So did the animalivorous subfamilies Glyphonycterinae, Micronycterinae and Phyllostominae, with the notable exception of species in the omnivorous genus Phyllostomus, which consistently flew with mouths closed. Bats from the frugivorous subfamily Stenodermatinae also flew exclusively with closed mouths with the single exception of the genus Sturnira, which is the sister clade to all other stenodermatine species. Further, head position angles differed significantly between bats echolocating with their mouth closed and those echolocating with their mouths opened, with closed-mouth phyllostomids pointing only the nostrils in the direction of flight and open-mouth phyllostomids pointing both the nostrils and mouth gape in the direction of flight. Ancestral trait reconstruction showed that the open mouth mode is the ancestral state within the Phyllostomidae. Based on the observed behavioral differences, we suggest that phyllostomid bats are not all nasal emitters as previously thought and discuss possible reasons. Further experiments, such as selectively obstructing sound emission through nostrils or mouth, respectively, will be necessary to clarify the actual source, plasticity and ecological relevance of sound emission of phyllostomid bats flying with their mouths open.
Collapse
|
5
|
Reichert BE, Bayless M, Cheng TL, Coleman JTH, Francis CM, Frick WF, Gotthold BS, Irvine KM, Lausen C, Li H, Loeb SC, Reichard JD, Rodhouse TJ, Segers JL, Siemers JL, Thogmartin WE, Weller TJ. NABat: A top-down, bottom-up solution to collaborative continental-scale monitoring. AMBIO 2021; 50:901-913. [PMID: 33454913 PMCID: PMC7982360 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Collaborative monitoring over broad scales and levels of ecological organization can inform conservation efforts necessary to address the contemporary biodiversity crisis. An important challenge to collaborative monitoring is motivating local engagement with enough buy-in from stakeholders while providing adequate top-down direction for scientific rigor, quality control, and coordination. Collaborative monitoring must reconcile this inherent tension between top-down control and bottom-up engagement. Highly mobile and cryptic taxa, such as bats, present a particularly acute challenge. Given their scale of movement, complex life histories, and rapidly expanding threats, understanding population trends of bats requires coordinated broad-scale collaborative monitoring. The North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat) reconciles top-down, bottom-up tension with a hierarchical master sample survey design, integrated data analysis, dynamic data curation, regional monitoring hubs, and knowledge delivery through web-based infrastructure. NABat supports collaborative monitoring across spatial and organizational scales and the full annual lifecycle of bats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Reichert
- U.S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | | | | | | | - Charles M. Francis
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Winifred F. Frick
- Bat Conservation International, Austin, TX USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | | | - Kathryn M. Irvine
- U.S. Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Bozeman, MT USA
| | - Cori Lausen
- Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, Kaslo, BC Canada
| | - Han Li
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC USA
| | - Susan C. Loeb
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Clemson, SC USA
| | | | | | - Jordi L. Segers
- Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Charlottetown, PEI Canada
| | | | - Wayne E. Thogmartin
- U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Lacrosse, WI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|