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Brito-Santos G, Hernández-Rodríguez C, Gil-Hernández B, Sanchiz J, Martín IR, González-Díaz B, Guerrero-Lemus R. Exploring Ln(III)-Ion-Based Luminescent Species as Down-Shifters for Photovoltaic Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5068. [PMID: 37512344 PMCID: PMC10383640 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have compiled our research on lanthanide-based luminescent materials for use as down-shifter layers in photovoltaic (PV) mini-modules. The complexes we have prepared (C1-17), with formulas [Eu2(phen)2(bz)6] (C1), [Eu2(bphen)2(bz)6] (C2), [Eu(tta)3bphen] (C3), [Eu(bta)3pyz-phen] (C4), [Eu(tta)3pyz-phen] (C5), [Eu(bta)3me-phen] (C6), [Er(bta)3me-phen] (C7), [Yb(bta)3me-phen] (C8), [Gd(bta)3me-phen] (C9), [Yb(bta)3pyz-phen] (C10), [Er(tta)3pyz-phen] (C11), [Eu2(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C12), [Gd2(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C13), [EuTb(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C14), [EuGd(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C15), [Eu1.2Gd0.8(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C16), and [Eu1.6Gd0.4(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (C17), can be grouped into three families based on their composition: Complexes C1-6 were synthesized using Eu3+ ions and phenanthroline derivatives as the neutral ligands and fluorinated β-diketonates as the anionic ligands. Complexes C7-11 were prepared with ligands similar to those of complexes C1-6 but were synthesized with Er3+, Yb3+, or Gd3+ ions. Complexes C12-17 have the general formula [M1M2(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2], where M1 and M2 can be Eu3+, Gd3+, or Tb3+ ions, and the ligands were benzoate (bz-), 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (tta-), and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). Most of the complexes were characterized using X-ray techniques, and their photoluminescent properties were studied. We then assessed the impact of complexes in the C1-6 and C12-17 series on the EQE of PV mini-modules and examined the durability of one of the complexes (C6) in a climate chamber when embedded in PMMA and EVA films. This study emphasizes the methodology employed and the key findings, including enhanced mini-module efficiency. Additionally, we present promising results on the application of complex C6 in a bifacial solar cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Brito-Santos
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Cecilio Hernández-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gil-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sanchiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Inocencio R Martín
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Benjamín González-Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Camino San Francisco de Paula S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Brito-Santos G, Hernández-Rodríguez C, Gil-Hernández B, González-Díaz B, Martín IR, Guerrero-Lemus R, Sanchiz J. Highly luminescent mixed-ligand bimetallic lanthanoid(III) complexes for photovoltaic applications. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3146-3158. [PMID: 35112691 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04248c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Six new mixed-ligand bimetallic complexes [Eu2(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (1), [Gd2(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (2), [EuTb(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (3), [EuGd(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (4), [Eu1,2Gd0,8(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (5) and [Eu1,6Gd0,4(bz)4(tta)2(phen)2] (6) have been prepared with the Eu3+, Gd3+ and Tb3+ ions and the benzoate (bz-), 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate (tta-) and the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands. The compounds combine highly efficient antennas to obtain highly luminescent complexes to enhance solar cell efficiency. The benzoate ligand has been chosen to take its advantage as a bridging ligand to end up with bimetallic complexes to study the effect of combining two metal ions in the luminescent molecule. The structure of 1 was obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and 1-6 were found to be isostructural by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The photophysical properties were studied by the absorbance and emission spectra and emission lifetimes. The magnetic properties of 2 were studied, and we found intramolecular antiferromagnetic interactions between the Gd3+ ions. We prepared luminescent down-shifting layers (LDSL) with the 1, 3-6 complexes embedded in ethylene-vinyl-acetate and studied their effect in the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and intensity-voltage (I-V) plots of a solar mini-module. We found that LDSL containing the bimetallic complexes 3 and 6 enhance the efficiency of the solar mini-module from 11.26(3)% to 11.76(4)% (+0.52%) and to 11.44(2)% (+0.21%), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Brito-Santos
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain.
| | - Cecilio Hernández-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gil-Hernández
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain. .,Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
| | - Benjamín González-Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
| | - Inocencio R Martín
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
| | - Ricardo Guerrero-Lemus
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sanchiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain. .,Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, 38206, Spain
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Jeong WL, Jang J, Kim J, Joo SK, Park MD, Kwak HM, Baik J, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Lee DS. Improving Ultraviolet Responses in Cu 2ZnSn(S,Se) 4 Thin-Film Solar Cells Using Quantum Dot-Based Luminescent Down-Shifting Layer. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051166. [PMID: 33946918 PMCID: PMC8145200 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD)-based luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layers were deposited on Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells via the drop-casting method. The LDS layers can easily widen the narrow absorption wavelength regions of single-junction solar cells and enable improvement of the short-circuit current. The optical properties of LDS layers deposited on glass and containing different QD contents were analyzed based on their transmittance, reflectance, and absorbance. The absorber films to be used in the CZTSSe solar cells were determined by X-ray diffraction measurements and Raman spectroscopy to determine their crystal structures and secondary phases, respectively. The completed CZTSSe solar cells with LDS layers showed increased ultraviolet responses of up to 25% because of wavelength conversion by the QDs. In addition, the impact of the capping layer, which was formed to protect the QDs from oxygen and moisture, on the solar cell performance was analyzed. Thus, a maximal conversion efficiency of 7.3% was achieved with the 1.0 mL QD condition; furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that LDS layers have been experimentally demonstrated for CZTSSe solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Lim Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Junsung Jang
- Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of Materials Science and Engieering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Jihun Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Soo-Kyung Joo
- College of Basic and General Education, Dongshin University, 67 Dongshinedae-gil, Naju-si 58246, Jeollanam-do, Korea;
| | - Mun-Do Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Hoe-Min Kwak
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jaeyoung Baik
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Hyeong-Jin Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (J.K.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Jin Hyeok Kim
- Optoelectronic Convergence Research Center, Department of Materials Science and Engieering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (D.-S.L.)
| | - Dong-Seon Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Korea; (W.-L.J.); (M.-D.P.); (H.-M.K.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.H.K.); (D.-S.L.)
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Yang D, Liang H, Liu Y, Hou M, Kan L, Yang Y, Zang Z. A large-area luminescent downshifting layer containing an Eu3+ complex for crystalline silicon solar cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4725-4731. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04858h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a large-area luminescent down-shifting layer consists of polyvinyl alcohol embedding a newly synthesized ternary Eu3+ complex. C-Si solar cell coated with this layer displayed an enhancement of ~15% in external quantum efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Haiduo Liang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Yujie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Man Hou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Liping Kan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Yijia Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
| | - Zijian Zang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
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