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Gambhir D, Singh S, Singh RP. Enamine/Iminium-based Dual Organocatalytic Systems for Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2023:e202300627. [PMID: 37910066 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The rational combination of two catalysts to expedite the construction of chiral complex biologically and pharmacologically relevant chiral compounds has widely gained momentum over the past decade. In particular, enamine or iminium catalysis ensuing from the activation of aldehyde or ketone by chiral amine catalysts in conjugation with other organocatalytic cycles has facilitated several asymmetric transformations to yield the enantioenriched products. Regardless of the considerable discussion on the various dual catalytic approaches, literature lacks a comprehensive review focusing on the enamine and iminium-based dual organocatalytic systems. Thus, this review article has discussed the noteworthy achievements in the field of asymmetric catalysis and synthesis catalyzed by the enamine and iminium-based dual organocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Gambhir
- Prof. Ravi P. Singh, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110-016, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Prof. Ravi P. Singh, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110-016, India
| | - Ravi P Singh
- Prof. Ravi P. Singh, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110-016, India
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2
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Roy P, Anjum SR, Sanwal SD, Ramachary DB. Direct organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation and C-H oxidation: high-yielding synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-alkyloxindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8335-8343. [PMID: 37800473 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01264f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Readily available 3-alkylideneoxindoles were effectively reduced to 3-alkyloxindoles through transfer hydrogenation using Hantzsch ester as a reducing agent at ambient temperature and the greenness/sustainability of this protocol was assessed by correlation with Pd/C-mediated hydrogenation with hydrogen gas. Furthermore, an organocatalytic method was developed to access drug-like 3-alkyl-3-hydroxyoxindoles by C-H oxidation of 3-alkyl-indolin-2-one, using a catalytic amount of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG) as an organic base and dissolved oxygen in THF as an oxidant at room temperature. Key reaction intermediates were observed by controlled on-line ESI-HRMS experiments and identified by their corresponding mass (m/z) analysis. This two-step high-yielding transfer hydrogenation/C-H oxidation protocol was used for the total synthesis of medicinally important 3-cyanomethyl-3-hydroxyoxindole and formal total synthesis of (±)-alline and (±)-CPC-I in very good overall yields compared to previous methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Roy
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India.
| | - S Rehana Anjum
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India.
| | - Shyam D Sanwal
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India.
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3
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Malakar CC, Dell'Amico L, Zhang W. Dual Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: Current Challenges and New Trends. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol Imphal 795004 Manipur India
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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4
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Sharma PR, Malik A, Bandaru S, Vashisth K, Rana NK, Sharma RK. Experimental and computational studies on the Cinchona anchored calixarene catalysed asymmetric Michael addition reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7249-7252. [PMID: 35670109 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02422e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lower-rim Cinchona anchored calix[4]arene cationic catalysts were developed for asymmetric Michael addition of acetylacetone to β-nitrostyrenes. The desired Michael adducts were formed with high yields and enantioselectivities. Density functional theory investigations throw light on the catalyst-substrate interaction and the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati R Sharma
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur-342037, India.
| | - Apoorva Malik
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur-342037, India.
| | - Sateesh Bandaru
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou-310018, China
| | - Kanika Vashisth
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur-342037, India. .,The Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Baylor Science Building, Baylor Sciences Bldg. D.208, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX 76798
| | - Nirmal K Rana
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur-342037, India.
| | - Rakesh K Sharma
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur-342037, India.
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5
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Pasha MA, Anebouselvy K, Ramachary DB. Lawsone as synthon in the catalytic asymmetric reactions. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Recognition of Chiral Carboxylates by Synthetic Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216417. [PMID: 34770825 PMCID: PMC8587759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition of anionic species plays a fundamental role in many essential chemical, biological, and environmental processes. Numerous monographs and review papers on molecular recognition of anions by synthetic receptors reflect the continuing and growing interest in this area of supramolecular chemistry. However, despite the enormous progress made over the last 20 years in the design of these molecules, the design of receptors for chiral anions is much less developed. Chiral recognition is one of the most subtle types of selectivity, and it requires very precise spatial organization of the receptor framework. At the same time, this phenomenon commonly occurs in many processes present in nature, often being their fundamental step. For these reasons, research directed toward understanding the chiral anion recognition phenomenon may lead to the identification of structural patterns that enable increasingly efficient receptor design. In this review, we present the recent progress made in the area of synthetic receptors for biologically relevant chiral carboxylates.
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Proline and 1-(2-(benzoxazole-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylthiourea supramolecular organocatalyst in asymmetric aldol reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Thiourea–Tertiary Amine Promoted Cascade Catalysis: A Tool for Complexity Generation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Santi N, Morrill LC, Luk LYP. Streptavidin-Hosted Organocatalytic Aldol Addition. Molecules 2020; 25:E2457. [PMID: 32466220 PMCID: PMC7287710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, the streptavidin-biotin technology was applied to enable organocatalytic aldol addition. By attaching pyrrolidine to the valeric motif of biotin and introducing it to streptavidin (Sav), a protein-based organocatalytic system was created, and the aldol addition of acetone with p-nitrobenzaldehyde was tested. The conversion of substrate to product can be as high as 93%. Although the observed enantioselectivity was only moderate (33:67 er), further protein engineering efforts can be included to improve the selectivity. These results have proven the concept that Sav can be used to host stereoselective aldol addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Santi
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (N.S.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (N.S.); (L.C.M.)
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Louis Y. P. Luk
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (N.S.); (L.C.M.)
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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Pasha MA, Krishna AV, Ashok E, Ramachary DB. Organocatalytic Reductive Propargylation: Scope and Applications. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15399-15416. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Anif Pasha
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - A. Vamshi Krishna
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Etikala Ashok
- Catalysis Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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Mahto P, Rana NK, Shukla K, Das BG, Joshi H, Singh VK. Asymmetric Multifunctional Modular Organocatalysis: One-Pot Direct Strategy to Enantiopure α,β-Disubstituted γ-Butyrolactones. Org Lett 2019; 21:5962-5966. [PMID: 31322898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient approach to enantioenriched α,β-disubstituted γ-butyrolactones has been developed through multifunctional modular organocatalysis in a highly enantioselective (>99% ee) and diastereoselective (>30:1) manner following a one-pot sequential Michael-hemiacetalization-oxidation reaction. The catalytic process has great substrate compatibility, and the products have been transformed to synthetically useful molecules. The methodology has also been applied to the formal synthesis of (+)-Pilocarpine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Mahto
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur - 208 016 , UP , India
| | - Nirmal K Rana
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur , Jodhpur - 342 037 , Rajasthan , India
| | - Khyati Shukla
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur - 208 016 , UP , India
| | - Braja G Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur - 208 016 , UP , India
| | - Harshit Joshi
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur - 208 016 , UP , India
| | - Vinod K Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur - 208 016 , UP , India
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Jakkampudi S, Parella R, Arman HD, Zhao JCG. Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Hexahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one Derivatives Catalyzed by Modularly Designed Organocatalysts. Chemistry 2019; 25:7515-7520. [PMID: 30895663 PMCID: PMC6548622 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The diastereodivergent synthesis of hexahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one derivatives with good to high diastereoselectivities (up to 98:2 d.r.) and enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee) has been achieved by using a domino Michael/Michael/hemiacetalization reaction between trans-2-hydroxy-β-nitrostyrenes and trans-7-oxo-5-heptenals followed by oxidation. With use of appropriate modularly designed organocatalysts (MDOs) that are self-assembled in situ from amino acid derivatives and cinchona alkaloid derivatives, two different diastereomers of the desired hexahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-ones are obtained from the same substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Jakkampudi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249-0698, USA
| | - Ramarao Parella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249-0698, USA
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249-0698, USA
| | - John C-G Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, 78249-0698, USA
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13
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Odagi M, Araki H, Min C, Yamamoto E, Emge TJ, Yamanaka M, Seidel D. Insights into the Structure and Function of a Chiral Conjugate‐Base‐Stabilized Brønsted Acid Catalyst. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minami Odagi
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds Department of Chemistry University of Florida 32611 Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Hiroshi Araki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 08854 Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Chang Min
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 08854 Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Eri Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Rikkyo University 3‐34‐1 Nishi‐Ikebukuro 171‐8501 Toshima‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 08854 Piscataway NJ USA
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Rikkyo University 3‐34‐1 Nishi‐Ikebukuro 171‐8501 Toshima‐ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Daniel Seidel
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds Department of Chemistry University of Florida 32611 Gainesville Florida USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Rutgers The State University of New Jersey 08854 Piscataway NJ USA
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14
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Bhati M, Kumari K, Easwar S. Probing the Synergistic Catalytic Model: A Rationally Designed Urea-Tagged Proline Catalyst for the Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8225-8232. [PMID: 29847121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A urea tag was incorporated at the C-4 position of proline, cis to its COOH group, in order to explore the prospect of a synergistic effect between the two functional groups in the transition state of the enamine route to the asymmetric aldol reaction. The catalyst proved to be an excellent performer, delivering aldols in high yields and with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivities using just 2 mol % loading in the presence of water; it also exhibited good levels of recyclability under aqueous conditions. The favorable results reveal the interesting possibility of an intramolecular host-guest interaction between the urea and the amino acid moieties, exerting a beneficial effect on catalysis. The concept could certainly offer a new direction toward more efficient catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeta Bhati
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , NH-8, Bandarsindri , Distt. Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Kiran Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , NH-8, Bandarsindri , Distt. Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
| | - Srinivasan Easwar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy , Central University of Rajasthan , NH-8, Bandarsindri , Distt. Ajmer , Rajasthan 305817 , India
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15
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Ramachary DB, Reddy PS, Gujral J. Construction of 2-Thiabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes by Organocatalytic Asymmetric Formal [3+3] Cycloaddition. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - P. Srinivasa Reddy
- Catalysis Laboratory; School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500 046 Hyderabad- India
| | - Jagjeet Gujral
- Catalysis Laboratory; School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500 046 Hyderabad- India
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Rossi S, Ziliani M, Annunziata R, Benaglia M. Novel Chiral Bis-Phosphoramides as Organocatalysts for Tetrachlorosilane-Mediated Reactions. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122181. [PMID: 29292782 PMCID: PMC6149666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of novel chiral bidentate phosphoroamides structures able to promote Lewis base-catalyzed Lewis acid-mediated reactions was investigated. Two different classes of phosphoroamides were synthetized: the first class presents a phthalic acid/primary diamine moiety, designed with the aim to perform a self-assembly recognition process through hydrogen bonds; the second one is characterized by the presence of two phosphoroamides as side arms connected to a central pyridine unit, able to chelate SiCl₄ in a 2:1 adduct. These species were tested as organocatalysts in the stereoselective allylation of benzaldehyde and a few other aromatic aldehydes with allyl tributyltin in the presence of SiCl₄ with good results. NMR studies confirm that only pyridine-based phosphoroamides effectively coordinate tetrachlorosilane and may lead to the generation of a self-assembled entity that would act as a promoter of the reaction. Although further work is necessary to clarify and confirm the formation of the hypothesized adduct, the study lays the foundation for the design and the synthesis of chiral supramolecular organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Ziliani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Rita Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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