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Herman J, Harmata P, Rychłowicz N, Kula P. Molecular Design of Sexiphenyl-Based Liquid Crystals: Towards Temperature-Stable, Nematic Phases with Enhanced Optical Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:946. [PMID: 38474458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This research introduces a novel liquid crystal molecular design approach based on the para-sexiphenyl (6P) structure. Six new liquid crystalline materials were synthesized, incorporating an alkyl terminal and lateral substitutions of the sexiphenyl core to achieve temperature-stable and broad nematic phases. The synthetic pathway involved cross-coupling, resulting in derivatives with strong nematogenic characteristics. Optical investigations demonstrated that the tested material had high birefringence values, making it promising for optical and electronic applications. These results open up new avenues of research and offer potential practical applications in electronics, photonics, optoelectronics and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Herman
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Harmata
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natan Rychłowicz
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kula
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Leonel G, Klann I, Back DF, Iglesias BA, Nogueira CW, Zeni G. Electrophile-Promoted Nucleophilic Cyclization of 2-Alkynylindoles to Give 4-Substituted Oxazinoindolones. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202847. [PMID: 36322046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the synthesis of 4-organoselanyl oxazinoindolone derivatives by the cascade cyclization of N-(alkoxycarbonyl)-2-alkynylindoles using iron(III) chloride and diorganyl diselenides as promoters was developed. This protocol was applied to a series of N-(alkoxycarbonyl)-2-alkynylindoles containing different substituents. The reaction conditions also tolerated a variety of diorganyl diselenides having both electron donating and electron withdrawing groups. However, the reaction did not work for diorganyl disulfides and ditellurides. The reaction mechanism seems to proceed via an ionic pathway and the cooperative action between iron(III) chloride and diorganyl diselenides is crucial for successful cyclization. We also found that using the same starting materials, by simply changing the electrophilic source to iodine, led to the formation of 4-iodo-oxazinoindolones. The high reactivity of Csp2 -Se and Csp2 -I bonds were tested under cross-coupling conditions leading to the preparation of a new class of functionalized indole derivatives. In addition, the absorption, emission and electrochemical properties of 4-organoselanyl oxazinoindolones showed an important relationship with the substituents of the aromatic rings. The advantages of the methodology include the use of electrophilic to promote the cyclization reaction and functionalization of the indole ring, and the electronic properties presented by the prepared compounds can be exploited as probes, analyte detectors and optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Leonel
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade, Avaliação Farmacológica, Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Isabella Klann
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade, Avaliação Farmacológica, Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Davi F Back
- Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos Departamento de Química, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Bernardo A Iglesias
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Materiais Porfirínicos Departamento de Química, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade, Avaliação Farmacológica, Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade, Avaliação Farmacológica, Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNE, UFSM, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
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Hansjacob P, Leroux FR, Gandon V, Donnard M. Palladium-Catalyzed Silylcyanation of Ynamides: Regio- and Stereoselective Access to Tetrasubstituted 3-Silyl-2-Aminoacrylonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200204. [PMID: 35060272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed silylcyanation of ynamides is described. This reaction is fully regioselective, delivering tetrasubstituted 2-aminoacrylonitriles derivatives exclusively. Unexpectedly, the nature (aryl or alkyl) of the substituent located at the β-position of the ynamide directly controls the stereoselectivity. The reaction tolerates a number of functional groups and can be considered as the first general access to fully substituted 2-aminoacrylonitriles. Given the singular reactivity observed, a computational study was performed to shed light on the mechanism of this intriguing transformation. Relying on the specific reactivity of the newly installed vinylsilane functionality, the scope of 2-aminoacrylonitriles has been enlarged by postfunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hansjacob
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay cedex, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, route de Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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4
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Hansjacob P, Leroux FR, Gandon V, Donnard M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Silylcyanation of Ynamides: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Access to Tetrasubstituted 3‐Silyl‐2‐Aminoacrylonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Hansjacob
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Frédéric R. Leroux
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay CNRS UMR 8182 Université Paris-Saclay Bâtiment 420 91405 Orsay cedex France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS UMR 9168 Ecole Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau cedex France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR 7042) Université de Strasbourg Université de Haute-Alsace CNRS 67000 Strasbourg France
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Synthesis of New Highly Functionalized 1 H-Indole-2-carbonitriles via Cross-Coupling Reactions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175287. [PMID: 34500719 PMCID: PMC8434198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An approach for the preparation of polysubstituted indole-2-carbonitriles through a cross-coupling reaction of compounds 1-(but-2-ynyl)-1H-indole-2-carbonitriles and 1-benzyl-3-iodo-1H-indole-2-carbonitriles is described. The reactivity of indole derivatives with iodine at position 3 was studied using cross-coupling reactions. The Sonogashira, Suzuki–Miyaura, Stille and Heck cross-couplings afforded a variety of di-, tri- and tetra-substituted indole-2-carbonitriles.
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Velasco-Rubio Á, Bernárdez R, Varela JA, Saá C. Enantioenriched α-Vinyl 1,4-Benzodiazepines and 1,4-Benzoxazepines via Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydrofunctionalizations of Alkynes and Allenes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10889-10902. [PMID: 34259003 PMCID: PMC8499028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Benzofused seven-membered heterocycles
such as 1,4-benzo[e]diazepines (1,4-BZDs) and 1,4-benzo[e]oxazepines (1,4-BZOs) were efficiently synthesized by
Rh-catalyzed
hydrofunctionalization of internal alkynes and allenes in good to
excellent yields. The asymmetric hydroamination of (aminomethyl)anilines
gave rise to 3-vinyl-1,4-BZDs with excellent enantioselectivities.
Orthogonal N-deprotection of 1,4-BZDs allowed an
easy entry to an advanced pyrrolobenzodiazepine metabolite of the
V2-receptor antagonist Lixivaptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Velasco-Rubio
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Bernárdez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús A Varela
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Saá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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