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Lei Y, Xu D. Rapid Nucleic Acid Diagnostic Technology for Pandemic Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:1527. [PMID: 38611806 PMCID: PMC11013254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has enormously promoted the development of diagnostic technology. To control the spread of pandemic diseases and achieve rapid screening of the population, ensuring that patients receive timely treatment, rapid diagnosis has become the top priority in the development of clinical technology. This review article aims to summarize the current rapid nucleic acid diagnostic technologies applied to pandemic disease diagnosis, from rapid extraction and rapid amplification to rapid detection. We also discuss future prospects in the development of rapid nucleic acid diagnostic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China;
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2
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Zhang J, Yang Z, Liu L, Zhang T, Hu L, Hu C, Chen H, Ding R, Liu B, Chen C. Ultrafast Nucleic Acid Detection Equipment with Silicon-Based Microfluidic Chip. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:234. [PMID: 36832000 PMCID: PMC9954191 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, monkeypox, and Ebola, are plaguing human beings. Rapid and accurate diagnosis methods are required to preclude the spread of diseases. In this paper, an ultrafast polymerase chain reaction (PCR) equipment is designed to detect virus. The equipment consists of a silicon-based PCR chip, a thermocycling module, an optical detection module, and a control module. Silicon-based chip, with its thermal and fluid design, is used to improve detection efficiency. A thermoelectric cooler (TEC), together with a computer-controlled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, is applied to accelerate the thermal cycle. A maximum of four samples can be tested simultaneously on the chip. Two kinds of fluorescent molecules can be detected by optical detection module. The equipment can detect viruses with 40 PCR amplification cycles in 5 min. The equipment is portable, easily operated, and low equipment cost, which shows great potential in epidemic prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Liying Liu
- Shanghai Si-Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Tinglu Zhang
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Lilei Hu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Chunrui Hu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Shanghai Si-Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Ruihua Ding
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Si-Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Industrial Technology Research Institute (SITRI), Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Si-Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201800, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
- Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai 200052, China
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3
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Yang S, Zhang Z, Xian Q, Song Q, Liu Y, Gao Y, Wen W. An Aluminum-Based Microfluidic Chip for Polymerase Chain Reaction Diagnosis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031085. [PMID: 36770751 PMCID: PMC9921548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) tests were successfully conducted in an aluminum-based microfluidic chip developed in this work. The reaction chamber was coated with silicone-modified epoxy resin to isolate the reaction system from metal surfaces, preventing the metal ions from interfering with the reaction process. The patterned aluminum substrate was bonded with a hydroxylated glass mask using silicone sealant at room temperature. The effect of thermal expansion was counteracted by the elasticity of cured silicone. With the heating process closely monitored, real-time PCR testing in reaction chambers proceeded smoothly, and the results show similar quantification cycle values to those of traditional test sets. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed that the surface of the reaction chamber was smoothly coated, illustrating the promising coating and isolating properties. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) showed that no metal ions escaped from the metal to the chip surface. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to check the surface chemical state before and after tests, and the unchanged infrared absorption peaks indicated the unreacted, antifouling surface. The limit of detection (LOD) of at least two copies can be obtained in this chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Yang
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Qingyue Xian
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yiteng Liu
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Weijia Wen
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Thrust of Advanced Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2358-5781
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Ultrafast PCR Detection of COVID-19 by Using a Microfluidic Chip-Based System. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100548. [PMID: 36290516 PMCID: PMC9598518 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the evolution of the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) have invariably been a golden standard in clinical diagnosis. Nevertheless, the traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is not feasible for field application due to its drawbacks, such as time-consuming and laboratory-based dependence. To overcome these challenges, a microchip-based ultrafast PCR system called SWM-02 was proposed to make PCR assay in a rapid, portable, and low-cost strategy. This novel platform can perform 6-sample detection per run using multiple fluorescent channels and complete an ultrafast COVID-19 RT-PCR test within 40 min. Here, we evaluated the performance of the microdevice using the gradient-diluted COVID-19 reference samples and commercial PCR kit and determined its limit-of-detection (LoD) as 500 copies/mL, whose variation coefficients for the nucleocapsid (N) gene and open reading frame 1 ab region (ORF1ab) gene are 1.427% and 0.7872%, respectively. The system also revealed an excellent linear correlation between cycle threshold (Ct) values and dilution factors (R2 > 0.99). Additionally, we successfully detected the target RNAs and internal gene in the clinical samples by fast PCR, which shows strong consistency with conventional PCR protocol. Hence, with compact dimension, user-friendly design, and fast processing time, SWM-02 has the capability of offering timely and sensitive on-site molecular diagnosis for prevention and control of pathogen transmission.
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Chen X, Song Q, Zhang B, Gao Y, Lou K, Liu Y, Wen W. A Rapid Digital PCR System with a Pressurized Thermal Cycler. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12121562. [PMID: 34945412 PMCID: PMC8708658 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We designed a silicon-based fast-generated static droplets array (SDA) chip and developed a rapid digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) detection platform that is easy to load samples for fluorescence monitoring. By using the direct scraping method for sample loading, a droplet array of 2704 microwells with each volume of about 0.785 nL can be easily realized. It was determined that the sample loading time was less than 10 s with very simple and efficient characteristics. In this platform, a pressurized thermal cycling device was first used to solve the evaporation problem usually encountered for dPCR experiments, which is critical to ensuring the successful amplification of templates at the nanoliter scale. We used a gradient dilution of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) plasmid as the target DNA for a dPCR reaction to test the feasibility of the dPCR chip. Our experimental results demonstrated that the dPCR chip could be used to quantitatively detect DNA molecules. Furthermore, the platform can measure the fluorescence intensity in real-time. To test the accuracy of the digital PCR system, we chose three-channel silicon-based chips to operate real-time fluorescent PCR experiments on this platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuee Chen
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; (X.C.); (Q.S.)
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; (X.C.); (Q.S.)
- Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Beini Zhang
- Advanced Materials Thrust, Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
| | - Yibo Gao
- Zhuhai Shineway Biotech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China;
| | - Kai Lou
- Guangzhou Kayja-Optics Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, China;
| | - Yiteng Liu
- Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Thrust, Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
| | - Weijia Wen
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong; (X.C.); (Q.S.)
- Advanced Materials Thrust, Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-2358-7979
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6
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Ferrer-Vilanova A, Alonso Y, J Ezenarro J, Santiago S, Muñoz-Berbel X, Guirado G. Electrochromogenic Detection of Live Bacteria Using Soluble and Insoluble Prussian Blue. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30989-30997. [PMID: 34841141 PMCID: PMC8613822 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microbial detection is crucial for the control and prevention of infectious diseases, being one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Among the techniques developed for bacterial detection, those based on metabolic indicators are progressively gaining interest due to their simplicity, adaptability, and, most importantly, their capacity to differentiate between live and dead bacteria. Prussian blue (PB) may act as a metabolic indicator, being reduced by bacterial metabolism, producing a visible color change from blue to colorless. This molecule can be present in two main forms, namely, the soluble and the insoluble, having different properties and structures. In the current work, the bacterial-sensing capacity of soluble and insoluble PB will be tested and compared both in suspensions as PB-NPs and after deposition on transparent indium tin oxide-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (ITO-PET) electrodes. In the presence of live bacteria, PB-NPs are metabolized and completely reduced to the Prussian white state in less than 10 h for soluble and insoluble forms. However, when electrodeposited on ITO-PET substrates, less than 1 h of incubation with bacteria is required for both forms, although the soluble one presents faster metabolic reduction kinetics. This study paves the way to the use of Prussian blue as a metabolic indicator for the early detection of bacterial infection in fields like microbial diagnostics, surface sterilization, food and beverage contamination, and environmental pollution, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Ferrer-Vilanova
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n,, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès
(Barcelona), Spain
| | - Yasmine Alonso
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Josune J Ezenarro
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n,, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès
(Barcelona), Spain
| | - Sara Santiago
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n,, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès
(Barcelona), Spain
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Xavier Muñoz-Berbel
- Institut
de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n,, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès
(Barcelona), Spain
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·lers s/n, Campus, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
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Zhang Y, Hu X, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Recent advances in microchip-based methods for the detection of pathogenic bacteria. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhang Y, Hu X, Wang Q. Review of microchip analytical methods for the determination of pathogenic Escherichia coli. Talanta 2021; 232:122410. [PMID: 34074400 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections remain the principal cause of mortality worldwide, making the detection of pathogenic bacteria highly important, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli). Current E. coli detection methods are labour-intensive, time-consuming, or require expensive instrumentation, making it critical to develop new strategies that are sensitive and specific. Microchips are an automated analytical technique used to analyse food based on their separation efficiency and low analyte consumption, which make them the preferred method to detect pathogenic bacteria. This review presents an overview of microchip-based analytical methods for analysing E. coli, which were published in recent years. Specifically, this review focuses on current research based on microchips for the detection of E. coli and reviews the limitations of microchip-based methods and future perspectives for the analysis of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Xianzhi Hu
- Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Qingjiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
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Song Q, Sun X, Dai Z, Gao Y, Gong X, Zhou B, Wu J, Wen W. Point-of-care testing detection methods for COVID-19. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1634-1660. [PMID: 33705507 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01156h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has high transmissibility. People infected with SARS-CoV-2 can develop symptoms including cough, fever, pneumonia and other complications, which in severe cases could lead to death. In addition, a proportion of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 may be asymptomatic. At present, the primary diagnostic method for COVID-19 is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which tests patient samples including nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum and other lower respiratory tract secretions. Other detection methods, e.g., isothermal nucleic acid amplification, CRISPR, immunochromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and electrochemical sensors are also in use. As the current testing methods are mostly performed at central hospitals and third-party testing centres, the testing systems used mostly employ large, high-throughput, automated equipment. Given the current situation of the epidemic, point-of-care testing (POCT) is advantageous in terms of its ease of use, greater approachability on the user's end, more timely detection, and comparable accuracy and sensitivity, which could reduce the testing load on central hospitals. POCT is thus conducive to daily epidemic control and achieving early detection and treatment. This paper summarises the latest research advances in POCT-based SARS-CoV-2 detection methods, compares three categories of commercially available products, i.e., nucleic acid tests, immunoassays and novel sensors, and proposes the expectations for the development of POCT-based SARS-CoV-2 detection including greater accessibility, higher sensitivity and lower costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xindi Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ziyi Dai
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Yibo Gao
- Shenzhen Shineway Technology Corporation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuqing Gong
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Jinbo Wu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weijia Wen
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Jiang Y, Jiang S, Wu Y, Zhou B, Wang K, Jiang L, Long Y, Chen G, Zeng D. Multiplex and on-site PCR detection of swine diseases based on the microfluidic chip system. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:117. [PMID: 33712000 PMCID: PMC7953195 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02825-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the process of inspection and quarantine starts with sampling at the customs port, continues with transporting the samples to the central laboratory for inspection experiments, and ends with the inspected results being fed back to the port. This process had the risks of degradation of biological samples and generation of pathogenic microorganisms and did not meet the rapid on-site detection demand because it took a rather long time. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a rapid and high-throughput detection assay of pathogenic microorganisms at the customs port. The aim of this study was to develop a microfluidic chip to rapidly detect swine pathogenic microorganisms with high-throughput and higher accuracy. Moreover, this chip will decrease the risk of spreading infection during transportation. RESULTS A series of experiments were performed to establish a microfluidic chip. The resulting data showed that the positive nucleic acid of four swine viruses were detected by using a portable and rapid microfluidic PCR system, which could achieve a on-site real-time quantitative PCR detection. Furthermore, the detection results of eight clinical samples were obtained within an hour. The lowest concentration that amplified of this microfluidic PCR detection system was as low as 1 copies/μL. The results showed that the high specificity of this chip system in disease detection played an important role in customs inspection and quarantine during customs clearance. CONCLUSION The microfluidic PCR detection system established in this study could meet the requirement for rapid detection of samples at the customs port. This chip could avoid the risky process of transporting the samples from the sampling site to the testing lab, and drastically reduce the inspection cycle. Moreover, it would enable parallel inspections on one chip, which greatly raised the efficiency of inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
| | - Yue Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Bin Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Kaimin Wang
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
| | - Luyan Jiang
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
| | - Yunfeng Long
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
| | - Gan Chen
- Jinggangshan Agricultural Science and Technology Park Management Committee, Jian, 343000 China
| | - Dexin Zeng
- Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing, 210019 China
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11
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Cojocaru R, Yaseen I, Unrau PJ, Lowe CF, Ritchie G, Romney MG, Sin DD, Gill S, Slyadnev M. Microchip RT-PCR Detection of Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 Samples. J Mol Diagn 2021; 23:683-690. [PMID: 33706009 PMCID: PMC7939975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast, accurate, and reliable diagnostic tests are critical for controlling the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The current gold standard for testing is real-time PCR; however, during the current pandemic, supplies of testing kits and reagents have been limited. We report the validation of a rapid (30 minutes), user-friendly, and accurate microchip real-time PCR assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from nasopharyngeal swab RNA extracts. Microchips preloaded with COVID-19 primers and probes for the N gene accommodate 1.2-μL reaction volumes, lowering the required reagents by 10-fold compared with tube-based real-time PCR. We validated our assay using contrived reference samples and 21 clinical samples from patients in Canada, determining a limit of detection of 1 copy per reaction. The microchip real-time PCR provides a significantly lower resource alternative to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–approved real-time RT-PCR assays with comparable sensitivity, showing 100% positive and negative predictive agreement of clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Cojocaru
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia
| | - Iqra Yaseen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia
| | - Peter J Unrau
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia.
| | - Christopher F Lowe
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Gordon Ritchie
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Marc G Romney
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Virology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia; Department of Medicine (Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Sikander Gill
- Lumex Instruments Canada, Mission, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Maxim Slyadnev
- Lumex Instruments Canada, Mission, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Li T, Ou G, Chen X, Li Z, Hu R, Li Y, Yang Y, Liu M. Naked-eye based point-of-care detection of E.coli O157: H7 by a signal-amplified microfluidic aptasensor. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1130:20-28. [PMID: 32892935 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Fast and sensitive detection of E.coli O157: H7 is significantly essential for clinical management as well as for transmission prevention during disease outbreaks. Though many types of detection strategies have been implemented for measuring E.coli O157: H7, most of them still rely on complex instruments or tedious/laborious setups, which restrict their applications in resource-limited scenarios. Herein, we introduce an eye-based microfluidic aptasensor (EA-Sensor) for fast detection of E.coli O157: H7 without the assist of any instruments. We demonstrate the perfect coupling of aptamer sensing, hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-amplification and a distance-based visualized readout to quantitatively determine the pathogen concentration. We first used gel-electrophoresis assay to evaluate the system and the results proved that E.coli O157: H7 was well recognized by the aptamer and HCR could increase the signal by about 100 folds. In addition, the Aptamer specificity and signal-amplification ability were verified on the EA-Sensor for sensing E.coli O157: H7 by naked eyes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that E.coli O157: H7 in milk could be accurately and conveniently measured with good performance. With the benefits of operation integration and strategy integration, our EA-Sensor shows advantages of high specificity, easy operation, efficient amplification and visualized readout, which offers a favorable point-of-care tool for E.coli O157: H7 or other pathogen detection in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Gaozhi Ou
- School of Sports, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xuliang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China.
| | - Yunhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China.
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
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