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Bai Y, Cai G, Guo N, Huang X, Gong J, Liu S, Guo Y, Wang W. UHPLC-HRMS based saponins profiling of three morphological regions in American ginseng ( Panax quinquefolium L.) and their correlation with the antioxidant activity. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1685-1696. [PMID: 38623439 PMCID: PMC11016038 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is used as tonic plant and high-grade nourishment. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) method was established for identifying the chemical constituent in three morphological regions of American ginseng, including main root (MR), rhizome (RH) and lateral root (LR). The 63 saponins was identified in different morphological regions of 10 American ginseng samples. The chemical maker compounds in corresponding morphological region, while the major compounds of MR (malonyl-ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rd, Rs2 and pseudo-RC1), LR (stipuleanoside R2, ginsenoside Re and malonyl-ginsenoside Rc), and RH (malonyl-ginsenoside Rd, Rb3, and chikusetsu saponin II) were discovered. Correlation analysis showed that 11 compounds were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity of American ginseng. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01453-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Guangzhi Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Na Guo
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Jiyu Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208 China
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Yang B, Yang L, Xu R, Jiang S, Lin L, Lu J. Effects of static magnetic field (SMF) and alternating magnetic field (AMF) assisted freezing on the microstructure and protein properties of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fillet. Food Chem 2024; 434:137509. [PMID: 37742547 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The effect of static and alternating magnetic fields assisted freezing with intensity of 1, 2, and 3 mT on the microstructure and protein properties of channel catfish fillet were investigated. The results showed that the magnetic field treatment shortened the phase transition time of freezing, and significantly reduced the size of the formed ice crystals. The changes of trichloroacetic acid-soluble peptide, Ca2+-ATPase activity, particle size, and Zeta potential, which represented solubility, denaturation and aggregation of protein, indicated that magnetic field treatment could improve the protein stability. The chemical force analysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results proved that the magnetic field could change the structure of protein. Furthermore, these changes had effects on the thermal stability of catfish meat protein which reflected by increasing of the transition temperature and enthalpy. However, the waveform and intensity of magnetic field affected the stability of protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Anhui Fuhuang Sunggem Food Group Co. Ltd., Chaohu 238076, China.
| | - Ruihong Xu
- Anhui Fuhuang Sunggem Food Group Co. Ltd., Chaohu 238076, China.
| | - Shaotong Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, China; China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jianfeng Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, China.
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Li C, Tu Z, Liu W, Wu C, Hu Y, Wang H. Flavor substances of low-valued red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) hydrolysates derived from double enzymatic systems. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112461. [PMID: 36869477 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To make better use of low-valued crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), double enzymatic systems containing endopeptidase and Flavourzyme® were applied to investigate their effect on the physicochemical properties and volatile substances of low-valued crayfish. The results demonstrated that the double enzymatic hydrolysis had a positive effect on reduced bitterness and increased umami. Among them, the highest degree of hydrolysis (31.67 %) was obtained using trypsin and Flavourzyme® (TF), which showed 96.32 % of peptides with molecular weight < 0.5 kDa and 101.99 mg/g of free amino acids. The quality and quantity analysis showed that the types and relative contents of volatile compounds especially benzaldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, nonanal, hexanal, 2-nonanone, 2-undecanonewere increased in the double enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, the increase of esters and pyrazines was also found in gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results indicated that different enzymatic systems could be performed to enhance the flavor substances of low-valued crayfish. In conclusion, double enzymatic hydrolysis may be used as an advisable technique to promote the high-value utilization of low-valued crayfish and provides valuable information for the shrimp products requiring enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Zongcai Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China; National R&D Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Engineering Research Center of Freshwater Fish High-Value Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Ji'an Agricultural and Rural Industry Development Service Center, Ji'an 343000, China
| | - Chunlin Wu
- Ji'an Agricultural and Rural Industry Development Service Center, Ji'an 343000, China
| | - Yueming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Ye T, Chen X, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Wang Y, Lin L, Zheng Z, Lu J. Freeze-Thawing Treatment as a Simple Way to Tune the Gel Property and Digestibility of Minced Meat from Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkiix). Foods 2022; 11:foods11060837. [PMID: 35327260 PMCID: PMC8950141 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of freezing methods, including rapid freezing (RF) or slow freezing (SF), combined with thawing methods, e.g., water immersing thawing (WT) or cold thawing (CT), on the meat yield, drip loss, gel properties, and digestive properties of meat detached from red swamp crayfish were investigated. RF greatly reduced the freezing time compared to SF, and the thawing time of frozen crayfish was obviously shortened by WT in comparison to CT. RF and CT improved the meat yield but increased the drip loss, probably as a result of the greater protein denaturation or degradation. A soft and flexible gel was obtained by SF-CT, while a hard one was achieved by RF-WT. An SEM analysis showed that SF resulted in rough and irregular microstructures with larger pore sizes. Freeze-thawing led to an increase in the β-sheet content at the expense of α-helix and variations in the microenvironment of tyrosine and tryptophan residues in protein molecules of the gels, which was more pronounced in the SF-CT group. Moreover, freeze-thawing could cause enhanced protein digestibility but reduce the antioxidant activity of gels. These findings underline the promise of the freezing-thawing treatment in tuning the gel-based meat products of crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Yajun Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhina Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jianfeng Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; (T.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Correspondence:
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