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Xie Y, Sun H, Zhang C, Cheng Q, Zheng Y, Wang C, Xiao B, Li P, Chen C. Ambient ultraviolet radiation: A new factor affecting anaerobic fermentation of oat and subsequent methane emissions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127243. [PMID: 35489577 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau on anaerobic fermentation and subsequent methane emissions, oats grown under different ambient UV conditions (UV1, 100% ambient UV radiation; UV2, 50% ambient UV radiation) were fermented with molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) inoculant treatments. The UV2 treatment increased (P < 0.05) epiphytic bacterial counts and reduced (P < 0.05) the water-soluble carbohydrate contents of oat. Both the UV2 treatment and the LP inoculant substantially increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and inhibited detrimental microorganisms (enterobacteria and yeasts) during anaerobic fermentation, resulting in the absence of butyric acid. The UV2 treatment increased (P < 0.05) the acid detergent fiber contents after anaerobic fermentation and indirectly increased (P < 0.05) methane emissions by 8.52-14.69% during in vitro ruminal digestion. This study demonstrated that low ambient UV radiation during cultivation facilitated anaerobic fermentation and consequently enhanced subsequent methane emissions from the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding & Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Changbing Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611431, China
| | - Qiming Cheng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bingxue Xiao
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611431, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding & Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611431, China.
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding & Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Sun L, Bai C, Xu H, Na N, Jiang Y, Yin G, Liu S, Xue Y. Succession of Bacterial Community During the Initial Aerobic, Intense Fermentation, and Stable Phases of Whole-Plant Corn Silages Treated With Lactic Acid Bacteria Suspensions Prepared From Other Silages. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:655095. [PMID: 33841382 PMCID: PMC8032959 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.655095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at investigating the bacterial community in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) suspensions prepared from whole-plant corn silage (LAB suspension-CS) and Elymus sibiricus silage (LAB suspension-ES) and the bacterial community succession of whole-plant corn silages inoculated with LAB suspension-CS or LAB suspension-ES during initial aerobic phase, intense fermentation phase, and stable phase. The LAB suspensions were cultured in sterile Man, Rogosa, Sharpe broth at 37°C for 24 h and used as inoculants for ensiling. The chopped whole-plant corn was treated with distilled water (CK), LAB suspension-CS (CSL), or LAB suspension-ES (ESL) and then ensiled in vacuum-sealed plastic bags containing 500 g of fresh forage. Silages were sampled at 0 h, anaerobic state (A), 3 h, 5 h, 10 h, 24 h, 2 days, 3 days, 10 days, 30 days, and 60 days of ensiling with four replicates for each treatment. The results showed that Lactobacillus, Weissella, and Lachnoclostridium_5 dominated the bacterial community in LAB suspension-CS; Lactobacillus was the most predominant bacterial genus in LAB suspension-ES. During the initial aerobic phase (from 0 h to A) of whole-plant corn silage, the pH and the abundances of Pantoea, Klebsiella, Rahnella, Erwinia, and Serratia increased. During the intense fermentation phase (from A to 3 days), the pH decreased rapidly, and the microbial counts increased exponentially; the most predominant bacterial genus shifted from Pantoea to Weissella, and then to Lactobacillus; inoculating LAB suspensions promoted the bacterial succession and the fermentation process, and LAB suspension-CS was more effective than LAB suspension-ES. During the stable phase (from 3 to 60 days), the pH and the microbial counts decreased, and Lactobacillus dominated the bacterial community with a little decrease. The results also confirmed the existence of LAB fermentation relay during fermentation process, which was reflected by Weissella, Lactococcus, and Leuconostoc in the first 5 h; Weissella, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus between 5 and 24 h; and Lactobacillus from 24 h to 60 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China
| | - Chunsheng Bai
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China.,Horticultural College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiwen Xu
- College of Foreign Languages, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot, China
| | - Na Na
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Guomei Yin
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China
| | - Sibo Liu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanlin Xue
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Microbial Resources in Silage, Hohhot, China
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Comparative Physiological and Proteomic Analysis Reveals Different Involvement of Proteins during Artificial Aging of Siberian Wildrye Seeds. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101370. [PMID: 33076425 PMCID: PMC7650541 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Seed aging has an important effect on the germplasm preservation and industrialized production of Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, so far its underlying molecular mechanisms still largely remain unknown. To shed light on this topic, one-year stored seeds of E. sibiricus were exposed to artificial aging treatments (AAT), followed by seed vigor characteristics and physiological status monitoring. Then global proteomics analysis was undertaken by the tandem mass tags (TMT) technique, and the proteins were quantified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on three aging time points (0 h, 36 h and 72 h). Finally, we verified the expression of related proteins by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Our results demonstrated that the seed vigor decreased remarkably in response to artificial aging, but the relative ion-leakage and malondialdehyde content, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide showed the opposite situation. Proteomic results showed that a total of 4169 proteins were identified and quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that a series of key pathways including carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity were severely damaged by aging treatments. Numerous key proteins such as glyceraldehyde triphosphate glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, lipoxygenase, peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and late embryogenesis abundant proteins were significantly down-regulated. However, the up-regulation of the heat shock protein family has made a positive contribution to oxidative stress resistance in seeds. This study provides a useful catalog of the E. sibiricus proteomes with insights into the future genetic improvement of seed storability.
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Effects of inoculants Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus parafarraginis on the fermentation characteristics and microbial communities of corn stover silage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13614. [PMID: 29051616 PMCID: PMC5648770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve silage quality of crop forages, bacterial inoculants are often employed. In this study, Lactobacillus brevis SDMCC050297 and Lactobacillus parafarraginis SDMCC050300 were used as inoculants to corn stover in lab silos for ensiling. At the initial stage of ensiling, the pH value of the inoculated silages reduced more drastically, and the inoculated silages had higher lactic acid and acetic acid contents. After 20 days of ensiling, a reduction in lactic acid content coupled with an increase in acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol contents was observed in inoculated silages. Furthermore, both the amount of lactic acid bacteria and the abundance of order Lactobacillales in inoculated silages were higher than those of controls in the whole process. Meanwhile, Lb. brevis predominated before day 20 and then the dominance was shifted to Lb. parafarraginis until the late stage of ensiling. In contrast, the epiphytic Lactococcus lactic and Lb. plantarum played major roles at the beginning of naturally fermented silages and then Lb. plantarum and Lb. brevis were the most abundant at the later stage. In conclusion, these two selected strains had capability of improving the silage quality and providing the reproducible ensiling process, thus having the potential as silage inoculants.
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