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Lopes LGDO, Santos CMD, Bulgarelli AF. Pessoas idosas institucionalizadas, transtornos depressivos e questões odontológicas: qual o estado da arte? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562021024.200351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Fazer um mapeamento e uma discussão sobre o conhecimento científico envolvendo o objeto de pesquisa Condições de saúde bucal e depressão em idosos institucionalizados. Método Revisão de Escopo do tipo mapeamento da literatura. O mapeamento dos dados selecionados foi feito pela técnica de sistematização de dados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Somativa na perspectiva de Temas Manifestos nos textos. Após as exclusões foram selecionados 27 artigos. Resultados Com a análise dos artigos foi possível dividi-los em dois temas. Todos os continentes possuem publicações acerca do tema. Sobre sua metodologia, muitas pesquisas com desenho de estudos dedutivos foram realizadas e poucas pesquisas foram desenvolvidas com métodos indutivos. Conclusão O presente estudo identificou que existe uma interlocução entre algumas condições de saúde bucal (xerostomia e perda dentária) e prevalência de transtornos depressivos em idosos institucionalizados.
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López L, Smit F, Cuijpers P, Otero P, Blanco V, Torres Á, Vázquez FL. Problem-solving intervention to prevent depression in non-professional caregivers: a randomized controlled trial with 8 years of follow-up. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1002-1009. [PMID: 31017076 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of psychological interventions for the prevention of depression have found significant effects in the short-term, but the long-term efficacy has yet to be determined. This study evaluated the 8-year effect of a randomized controlled trial for indicated prevention of depression in female caregivers. METHODS A total of 173 non-professional female caregivers with subclinical depressive symptoms not meeting criteria for a major depressive episode (MDE) were randomized to either a brief problem-solving intervention (n = 89) or usual-care control group (n = 84). Blinded evaluators conducted an assessment at the 8-year follow-up. The primary outcome was Depression Status, defined by diagnoses of MDE since the 1-year follow-up using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Disorders of the DSM-5. The secondary outcome was current Depressive Symptom Severity. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of the intervention on the outcomes. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the Depression Status between the problem-solving (30.3%) and control groups (26.2%) (adjusted OR 1.25, 95% CI -0.58 to 2.69). Depressive Symptom Severity, however, was significantly lower in the problem-solving group compared to the control group at this follow-up, amounting to a small effect size of Cohen's d = 0.39 (adjusted B = -3.32, p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to assess such a long-term follow-up of intervention of indicated prevention of depression. Results seem to indicate that the protective effect of the intervention became smaller over time during follow-up. Future research should replicate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara López
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Filip Smit
- Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Otero
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Vanessa Blanco
- Department of Evolutive and Educational Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángela Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando L Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Adriaenssens J, Benahmed N, Ricour C. Improving mental healthcare for the elderly in Belgium. Int J Health Plann Manage 2019; 34:e1948-e1960. [PMID: 31347202 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The organisation of mental healthcare for the elderly (MHCE) remains suboptimal. OBJECTIVE To identify specific organisational models that could address the mental healthcare needs of the elderly in community and primary care. METHOD A multi-modal approach, consisting of a literature review, an online survey of Belgian professional stakeholders, and an international comparison. The outcomes of this three-step study process were aggregated. RESULTS Two general and four operational strategies for organising MHCE were identified as well as barriers and incentives to MHCE in the community and primary care. About half of survey respondents perceived the current MHCE in Belgium not to meet quality criteria as described in the literature and proposed points of improvement. The transversal international comparison revealed interesting approaches for MHCE. Recommendations for the future were formulated. CONCLUSION MHCE requires a specific, low-threshold, holistic, and transdisciplinary approach. Specific strategies with emphasis on collaborative care should be applied to meet the needs of older adults with mental problems. General practitioners (GPs) can play a central role in community-oriented MHCE but should be supported by specialised healthcare providers (including old-age psychiatrists and geriatricians). Stigma and wrong beliefs, regarding the elderly population, should be tackled by means of campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Céline Ricour
- Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre, Brussels, Belgium
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Self-Paced Cycling Improves Cognition on Institutionalized Older Adults Without Known Cognitive Impairment: A 15-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. J Aging Phys Act 2018; 26:614-623. [DOI: 10.1123/japa.2017-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at identifying the effects of self-paced cycling on the cognitive and functional status and fall risk on institutionalized older adults without cognitive impairment. A total of 39 individuals were randomly assigned to an exercise group or to a control group. The exercise group participants cycled at their self-selected intensity at least for 15 min daily during 15 months. The control group participants performed recreational activities. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Fuld object memory evaluation, and symbol digit modality test were used for cognitive assessments. The Katz index, the timed “Up & Go” test, and the World Health Organization questionnaire were used to assess functional independence, mobility, and fall risk. Significant improvements were observed in the exercise group for global cognition and attention, visual scanning, and processing speed. Long-term self-paced cycling training seems to have a protective effect on cognitive status and attention, visual scanning, and processing speed in older institutionalized individuals.
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Cuijpers P, Smit F, Patel V, Dias A, Li J, Reynolds CF. Prevention of depressive disorders in older adults: An overview. Psych J 2015; 4:3-10. [DOI: 10.1002/pchj.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical Psychology; VU University Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; VU University and VU University Medical Center Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Filip Smit
- Trimbos Institute; Netherlands Institute for Mental Health and Addiction; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health Intervention Research; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; London UK
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Goa Medical College/Sangath; Porvorim India
| | - Amit Dias
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Goa Medical College/Sangath; Porvorim India
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health; Institute of Psychology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Charles F. Reynolds
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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Zhang DX, Lewis G, Araya R, Tang WK, Mak WWS, Cheung FMC, Mercer SW, Griffiths SM, Woo J, Lee DTF, Kung K, Lam AT, Yip BHK, Wong SYS. Prevention of anxiety and depression in Chinese: a randomized clinical trial testing the effectiveness of a stepped care program in primary care. J Affect Disord 2014; 169:212-20. [PMID: 25216464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite empirical evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of collaborative stepped care program (SCP) in Western countries, such programs have not been evaluated in the east, which has a different services system structure and cultural nuances in seeking help for mental illness. Furthermore, only a few studies have used SCP for depression and anxiety prevention. We conducted a trial to test its effectiveness in preventing major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder among primary care patients with subthreshold depression and/or anxiety in Hong Kong. METHODS Subthreshold depression and/or anxiety patients were randomized into the SCP group (n=121) or care as usual (CAU) group (n=119). The SCP included watchful waiting, telephone counseling, problem solving therapy, and family doctor treatment within one year. The primary outcome was the onset of major depressive disorder or generalized anxiety disorder in 15 months. The secondary outcomes were depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of life and time absent from work due to any illness. RESULTS Survival analysis showed no differences between the SCP and CAU groups (the cumulative probability of onset at 15 month was 23.1% in the SCP group and 20.5% in the CAU group; Hazard Ratio=1.62; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.82-3.18; p=0.16). No significant differences were found in secondary outcomes. LIMITATIONS Sample size might not have been large enough. CONCLUSIONS SCP did not show beneficial effect on depression/anxiety prevention compared with CAU in Hong Kong primary care. As a large majority of patients improved overtime without any intervention, we are not able to exclude the possibility that the intervention might be effective. Future studies would need to have a larger sample size and conduct on patients with more severe symptoms or perform a second screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Xing Zhang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong, China
| | - Glyn Lewis
- Mental Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Araya
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom
| | - Wai Kwong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Wing Sze Mak
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - Sian Meryl Griffiths
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong, China
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Diana Tze Fan Lee
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenny Kung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong, China
| | - Augustine Tsan Lam
- Department of Family Medicine, New Territories East Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benjamin Hon Kei Yip
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel Yeung Shan Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Hong Kong, China.
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