1
|
The development of behavioral sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 113:110456. [PMID: 34662694 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggest that behavioral sensitization is involved in the process of drug addiction. Zebrafish are sensitive to a variety of addictive drugs and are thus suitable for the study of behavioral sensitization. However, in contrast to mature rodent models of behavioral sensitization, how this phenomenon manifests in aquatic organisms, especially zebrafish, is largely unknown. In this study, we developed a morphine-induced behavioral sensitization adult zebrafish model and performed a preliminary investigation of the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Behavioral sensitization was established in zebrafish by observing their behavior after treatment and challenge with morphine. The effect of morphine was evaluated by a behavioral locomotor test. Different doses of morphine and withdrawal times were used to evaluate the establishment of the behavioral sensitization model. RESULTS Hyperlocomotion was induced after administration of morphine in adult zebrafish. After withdrawing the drug for a period, challenge with low-dose morphine evoked behavioral sensitization in zebrafish acutely pre-treated with morphine. Low-dose morphine failed to induce behavioral sensitization in zebrafish if the withdrawal time was less than 5 days or more than 7 days. Morphine induced behavioral sensitization in zebrafish may involve dopaminergic, glutamatergic and opioid systems. CONCLUSION A single low-dose of morphine could induce behavioral sensitization in zebrafish acutely pre-treated with morphine, and this phenomenon was highly correlated with drug dose and withdrawal time. These findings suggest that zebrafish is a suitable model for the study of behavioral sensitization.
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Wei S, Liu Q, Gong Q, Zhang Q, Zheng T, Yong Z, Chen F, Lawrence AJ, Liang J. Mu-opioid receptors in septum mediate the development of behavioural sensitization to a single morphine exposure in male rats. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13066. [PMID: 34030217 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural sensitization (BS) is characterized by enhanced psychomotor responses to a dose of substance of abuse after prior repeated exposure. We previously reported that BS can be induced by a single injection of morphine in rats, whereas septal nuclei are specifically involved in the development phase of BS. Here, we demonstrated that intra-LS or intra-MS microinjections also incubated BS to a systemic morphine injection in a cross-sensitization fashion, whereas inactivation of either subdivision of septal nuclei (LS: lateral septum; MS: medial septum) can negate this ability of morphine. Then, non-selective (naloxone) and selective (μ-, δ- and κ-)opioid receptor antagonists were directly delivered into LS or MS, respectively, ahead of a morphine microinjection, whereas only μ-opioid receptors in both LS and MS play indispensable roles in mediating the BS development. Finally, there was a pronounced elevation in the levels of the monoamines (i.e. dopamine, homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) in the septum, 8 h after a morphine injection detected with a HPLC-ECD method, suggesting that dopaminergi and serotoninergic systems are implicated in the BS formation. Our studies demonstrated that septal nuclei critically participate in the BS development. Essentially, μ- instead of δ- or κ-opioid receptors in LS and MS mediate sensitization to opiates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
- Department of Pharmacy, East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shoupeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‐sen University Shenzhen China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Qing‐Jie Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Tian‐Ge Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Zheng Yong
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing China
| | - Feng Chen
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Andrew J. Lawrence
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Jian‐Hui Liang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeid D, Kutlu MG, Gould TJ. Differential Effects of Nicotine Exposure on the Hippocampus Across Lifespan. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:388-402. [PMID: 28714396 PMCID: PMC6018186 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170714092436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine exposure affects the hippocampus through activation of hippocampal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are present throughout excitatory and inhibitory hippocampal circuitry. The role of cholinergic functioning in the hippocampus varies across developmental stages so that nicotine exposure differentially affects this region depending upon timing of exposure, producing developmentally distinct changes in structure, function, and behavior. METHODS We synthesize findings across literature in this area to comprehensively review current understanding of the unique effects of nicotine exposure on the hippocampus throughout the lifespan with a focus on hippocampal morphology, cholinergic functioning, and hippocampusdependent learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS Chronic and acute nicotine exposure differentially affect hippocampus structure, functioning, and related learning and memory in the perinatal period, adolescence, and aging. Age-related differences in sensitivity to nicotine exposure should be considered in the research of nicotine addiction and the development of nicotine addiction treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana Zeid
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Munir Gunes Kutlu
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Gould
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beaudet G, Paizanis E, Zoratto F, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M, Freret T, Laviola G, Boulouard M, Adriani W. LP-211, a selective 5-HT7
receptor agonist, increases novelty-preference and promotes risk-prone behavior in rats. Synapse 2017; 71. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Beaudet
- INSERM U1075 COMETE UNICAEN; University of Caen Normandie; Caen F-14000 France
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health; Rome I-00161 Italy
| | - E. Paizanis
- INSERM U1075 COMETE UNICAEN; University of Caen Normandie; Caen F-14000 France
| | - F. Zoratto
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health; Rome I-00161 Italy
| | - E. Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”; Bari Italy
| | - M. Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”; Bari Italy
- BIOFORDRUG s.r.l; Spin-off by Università degli Studi di Bari; Bari Italy
| | - T. Freret
- INSERM U1075 COMETE UNICAEN; University of Caen Normandie; Caen F-14000 France
| | - G. Laviola
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health; Rome I-00161 Italy
| | - M. Boulouard
- INSERM U1075 COMETE UNICAEN; University of Caen Normandie; Caen F-14000 France
| | - W. Adriani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità; Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health; Rome I-00161 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Isgor C, Pare C, McDole B, Coombs P, Guthrie K. Expansion of the dentate mossy fiber-CA3 projection in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-enriched mouse hippocampus. Neuroscience 2014; 288:10-23. [PMID: 25555929 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Structural changes that alter hippocampal functional circuitry are implicated in learning impairments, mood disorders and epilepsy. Reorganization of mossy fiber (MF) axons from dentate granule cells is one such form of plasticity. Increased neurotrophin signaling is proposed to underlie MF plasticity, and there is evidence to support a mechanistic role for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in this process. Transgenic mice overexpressing BDNF in the forebrain under the α-calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II promoter (TgBDNF mice) exhibit spatial learning deficits at 2-3months of age, followed by the emergence of spontaneous seizures at ∼6months. These behavioral changes suggest that chronic increases in BDNF progressively disrupt hippocampal functional organization. To determine if the dentate MF pathway is structurally altered in this strain, the present study employed Timm staining and design-based stereology to compare MF distribution and projection volumes in transgenic and wild-type mice at 2-3months, and at 6-7months. Mice in the latter age group were assessed for seizure vulnerability with a low dose of pilocarpine given 2h before euthanasia. At 2-3months, TgBDNF mice showed moderate expansion of CA3-projecting MFs (∼20%), with increased volumes measured in the suprapyramidal (SP-MF) and intra/infrapyramidal (IIP-MF) compartments. At 6-7months, a subset of transgenic mice exhibited increased seizure susceptibility, along with an increase in IIP-MF volume (∼30%). No evidence of MF sprouting was seen in the inner molecular layer. Additional stereological analyses demonstrated significant increases in molecular layer (ML) volume in TgBDNF mice at both ages, as well as an increase in granule cell number by 8months of age. Collectively, these results indicate that sustained increases in endogenous BDNF modify dentate structural organization over time, and may thereby contribute to the development of pro-epileptic circuitry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Isgor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, United States
| | - C Pare
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, United States
| | - B McDole
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, United States
| | - P Coombs
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, United States
| | - K Guthrie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aydin C, Oztan O, Isgor C. Hippocampal Y2 receptor-mediated mossy fiber plasticity is implicated in nicotine abstinence-related social anxiety-like behavior in an outbred rat model of the novelty-seeking phenotype. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 125:48-54. [PMID: 25158103 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Experimentally naïve outbred rats display varying rates of locomotor reactivity in response to the mild stress of a novel environment. Namely, some display high rates (HR) whereas some display low rates (LR) of locomotor reactivity. Previous reports from our laboratory show that HRs, but not LRs, develop locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge and exhibit increased social anxiety-like behavior following chronic intermittent nicotine training. Moreover, the hippocampus, specifically hippocampal Y2 receptor (Y2R)-mediated neuropeptide Y signaling is implicated in these nicotine-induced behavioral effects observed in HRs. The present study examines the structural substrates of the expression of locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge and associated social anxiety-like behavior following chronic intermittent nicotine exposure during adolescence in the LRHR hippocampi. Our data showed that the expression of locomotor sensitization to the low dose nicotine challenge and the increase in social anxiety-like behavior were accompanied by an increase in mossy fiber terminal field size, as well as an increase in spinophilin mRNA levels in the hippocampus in nicotine pre-trained HRs compared to saline pre-trained controls. Furthermore, a novel, selective Y2R antagonist administered systemically during 1 wk of abstinence reversed the behavioral, molecular and neuromorphological effects observed in nicotine-exposed HRs. These results suggest that nicotine-induced neuroplasticity within the hippocampus may regulate abstinence-related negative affect in HRs, and implicate hippocampal Y2R in vulnerability to the behavioral and neuroplastic effects of nicotine in the novelty-seeking phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States.
| | - Ozge Oztan
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | - Ceylan Isgor
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gulbrandsen TL, Sutherland RJ. Temporary inactivation of the rodent hippocampus: An evaluation of the current methodology. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 225:120-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
8
|
Chaperone heat shock protein 70 in nucleus accumbens core: a novel biological target of behavioural sensitization to morphine in rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 17:469-84. [PMID: 24280010 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145713001429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction is a major public health issue, yet the underlying adaptation of neural networks by drugs of abuse is not fully understood. We have previously linked chaperone heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) to drug-induced adaptations. Focusing on the NAc core and shell, the present study aims to provide further findings for our understanding of the relation between behavioural sensitization to morphine and Hsp70 at transcriptional and functional levels in rats. Firstly, we delineated the characteristics of behavioural sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure (1-10 mg/kg, s.c.). Secondly, Hsp70 protein expression in the NAc core was time- and dose-relatedly induced during the development of behavioural sensitization to a single morphine exposure in rats, and Pearson analysis indicated a positive correlation between behavioural sensitization and Hsp70 expression in NAc core. Thirdly, at the transcriptional level, intra-NAc core injection of the specific heat shock factor-I (HSF-I) inhibitor N-Formyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-benzylidine-γ-butyrolactam (KNK437) suppressed Hsp70 expression and the development of behavioural sensitization, while the HSF-I specific inducer geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) promoted both of them. Interestingly, intra-NAc shell injection of KNK437 or GGA did not affect the development of behavioural sensitization. Finally, both the functional inhibition of Hsp70 ATPase activity by methylene blue (MB), and the antagonism of Hsp70 substrate binding site (SBD) activity by pifithrin-μ (PES) impaired the development of behavioural sensitization when they were microinjected into the NAc core. Taken together, the critical involvement of chaperone Hsp70 in behavioural sensitization to morphine identifies a biological target for long-lasting adaptations with relevance to addiction.
Collapse
|
9
|
Latchney SE, Masiulis I, Zaccaria KJ, Lagace DC, Powell CM, McCasland JS, Eisch AJ. Developmental and adult GAP-43 deficiency in mice dynamically alters hippocampal neurogenesis and mossy fiber volume. Dev Neurosci 2014; 36:44-63. [PMID: 24576816 DOI: 10.1159/000357840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a presynaptic protein that plays key roles in axonal growth and guidance and in modulating synapse formation. Previous work has demonstrated that mice lacking one allele of this gene (GAP-43+/- mice) exhibit hippocampal structural abnormalities, impaired spatial learning and stress-induced behavioral withdrawal and anxiety, behaviors that are dependent on proper hippocampal circuitry and function. Given the correlation between hippocampal function, synaptic connectivity and neurogenesis, we tested if behaviorally naïve GAP-43+/- mice had alterations in either neurogenesis or synaptic connectivity in the hippocampus during early postnatal development and young adulthood, and following behavior testing in older adults. To test our hypothesis, we examined hippocampal cell proliferation (Ki67), number of immature neuroblasts (doublecortin, DCX) and mossy fiber volume (synaptoporin) in behaviorally naïve postnatal day 9 (P9) and P26, and behaviorally experienced 5- to 7-month-old GAP-43+/- and +/+ littermate mice. P9 GAP-43+/- mice had fewer Ki67+ and DCX+ cells compared to +/+ mice, particularly in the posterior dentate gyrus, and smaller mossy fiber volume in the same region. In young adulthood, however, male GAP-43+/- mice had more Ki67+ and DCX+ cells and greater mossy fiber volume in the posterior dentate gyrus relative to male +/+ mice. These increases were not seen in females. In 5- to 7-month-old GAP-43+/- mice (whose behaviors were the focus of our prior publication), there was no global change in the number of proliferating or immature neurons relative to +/+ mice. However, more detailed analysis revealed fewer proliferative DCX+ cells in the anterior dentate gyrus of male GAP-43+/- mice compared to male +/+ mice. This reduction was not observed in females. These results suggest that young GAP-43+/- mice have decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity, but slightly older mice have greater hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity. In conjunction with our previous study, these findings suggest that GAP-43 is dynamically involved in early postnatal and adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity, possibly contributing to the GAP-43+/- behavioral phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Latchney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex., USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pastor V, Andrés ME, Bernabeu RO. The effect of previous exposure to nicotine on nicotine place preference. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013. [PMID: 23192315 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Prior exposure to drugs of abuse may increase or decrease the reinforcing effects of the drug in later consumptions. Based on the initial locomotor activity (LA) response to an acute drug administration or to novelty in an open-field arena, animals can be classified as low or high LA responders (LR or HR). Few studies have used this classification with nicotine, and the results are controversial. Some authors suggested that nicotine can induce conditioned-place preference (CPP) following prior nicotine exposure, whereas others suggested that previous nicotine exposure extinguishes nicotine-CPP. OBJECTIVE To explore if the administration of nicotine in a novel environment without explicit behavioral consequences to classify animals in low and high nicotine responders (LNR and HNR) could affect the establishment of nicotine CPP in male Sprague-Dawley rats. RESULTS Prior exposure to a single dose of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, subcutaneously) induced CPP in LNR rats after 14 days of conditioning (seven-trial) but not after two or eight conditioning days. In contrast, HNR rats did not show CPP under any condition. In addition, our results indicated that previous exposure to nicotine decreased its rewarding effects in eight conditioning days CPP (four-trial), which can be regularly established without prior exposure to nicotine. CONCLUSION The results suggested that response to a single exposure to nicotine predicts the acquisition of nicotine preference in a 14-day conditioning protocol only for LNR rats. Thus, our findings demonstrated the relevance of using LNR and HNR classification when the individual susceptibility to nicotine preference is studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pastor
- Department of Physiology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155 7th floor, C1121A6B, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cilia R. How neurodegeneration, dopamine and maladaptive behavioral learning interact to produce impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baga.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
12
|
Aydin C, Oztan O, Isgor C. Nicotine-induced anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of the novelty-seeking phenotype is associated with long-lasting neuropeptidergic and neuroplastic adaptations in the amygdala: effects of the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist AM251. Neuropharmacology 2012; 63:1335-45. [PMID: 22959963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A rat model of the novelty-seeking phenotype predicts vulnerability to the expression of behavioral sensitization to nicotine, where locomotor reactivity to novelty is used to screen experimentally-naïve rats for high (HR) versus low (LR) responders. The present study examines the long-term neuropeptidergic and neuroplastic adaptations associated with the expression of locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge and social anxiety-like behavior following chronic intermittent nicotine exposure during adolescence in the LRHR phenotype. Our data show that the expression of behavioral sensitization to nicotine and abstinence-related anxiety are detected in nicotine pre-exposed HRs even across a long (3 wks) abstinence. Moreover, these behavioral effects of nicotine are accompanied by a persistent imbalance between neuropeptide Y and corticotrophin releasing factor systems, and a persistent increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and spinophilin mRNA levels in the amygdala. Furthermore, treatment with the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist, AM251 (5 mg/kg) during a short (1 wk) abstinence is ineffective in reversing nicotine-induced anxiety, fluctuations in BDNF and spinophilin mRNAs, and the neuropeptidergic dysregulations in the amygdala; although this treatment is effective in reversing the expression of locomotor sensitization to challenge nicotine even after a long abstinence. Interestingly, the identical AM251 treatment administered during the late phase of a long abstinence further augments anxiety and associated changes in BDNF and spinophilin mRNA in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala in nicotine pre-exposed HRs. These findings implicate long-lasting neuropeptidergic and neuroplastic changes in the amygdala in vulnerability to the behavioral effects of nicotine in the novelty-seeking phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Much of the addictive power of nicotine in humans may be attributable to learned contextual associations, such that these secondary cues become potent predictive incentives for both maintaining and driving relapse to drug use, even after long periods of abstinence. Here, I review the evidence that chronic nicotine in vivo can induce persistent neuronal changes in excitability within the hippocampal circuitry, with a specific emphasis on the dentate gyrus as an initiator of drug use. The relevance of these early homeostatic (can be fully reversed by acute application of nicotine) neuroadaptations on withdrawal from nicotine is then related to known cognitive deficits also produced following chronic nicotine. I briefly discuss how the hippocampus may influence other parts of the reward circuitry to affect chronic drug use and how periods of drug cessation and/or withdrawal may convert these short-term changes into permanent alterations within the brain that may drive craving and/or relapse many years of abstinence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A J Lester
- Department of Neurobiology and The McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effects of a selective Y2R antagonist, JNJ-31020028, on nicotine abstinence-related social anxiety-like behavior, neuropeptide Y and corticotropin releasing factor mRNA levels in the novelty-seeking phenotype. Behav Brain Res 2011; 222:332-41. [PMID: 21497168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An outbred rat model of novelty-seeking phenotype has predictive value for the expression of locomotor sensitization to nicotine. When experimentally naïve rats are exposed to a novel environment, some display high rates of locomotor reactivity (HRs, scores ranking at top 1/3rd of the population), whereas some display low rates (LRs, scores ranking at bottom 1/3rd of the population). Basally, HRs display lower anxiety-like behavior compared to LRs along with higher neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA in the amygdala and the hippocampus. Following an intermittent behavioral sensitization to nicotine regimen and 1 wk of abstinence, HRs show increased social anxiety-like behavior in the social interaction test and robust expression of locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge. These effects are accompanied by a deficit in NPY mRNA levels in the medial nucleus of the amygdala and the CA3 field of the hippocampus, and increases in Y2R mRNA levels in the CA3 field and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) mRNA levels in the central nucleus of the amygdala. Systemic and daily injections of a Y2R antagonist, JNJ-31020028, during abstinence fully reverse nicotine-induced social anxiety-like behavior, the expression of locomotor sensitization to nicotine challenge, the deficit in the NPY mRNA levels in the amygdala and the hippocampus, as well as result an increase in Y2R mRNA levels in the hippocampus and the CRF mRNA levels in the amygdala in HRs. These findings implicate central Y2R in neuropeptidergic regulation of social anxiety in a behavioral sensitization to nicotine regimen in the LRHR rats.
Collapse
|
15
|
Aydin C, Oztan O, Isgor C. Vulnerability to nicotine abstinence-related social anxiety-like behavior: molecular correlates in neuropeptide Y, Y2 receptor and corticotropin releasing factor. Neurosci Lett 2010; 490:220-5. [PMID: 21195134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An outbred rat model of the novelty-seeking phenotype is used to study nicotine vulnerability, where experimentally naïve rats were phenotype screened as high or low responders (HRs or LRs, ranking in the upper or lower one-third of the population respectively) based on locomotor activity displayed in a novel environment. Following nicotine training and abstinence, HR animals pre-trained with nicotine showed expression of locomotor sensitization to nicotine challenge along with enhanced social anxiety-like behavior in the social interaction test compared to saline pre-trained controls. HR rats also showed a downregulation in neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA levels in the medial nucleus of amygdala and the CA1 field of the hippocampus, an upregulation in Y2 mRNA levels in the CA3 field of the hippocampus, and an upregulation in the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) mRNA levels in the central nucleus of the amygdala. These findings implicate dysregulations in the NPY-CRF systems in the HR hippocampus and amygdala associated with the emergence of social anxiety-like behavior, and a novel Y2R-mediated pathway in nicotine relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Aydin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Naghavi HR, Lind J, Nilsson LG, Adolfsson R, Nyberg L. Personality traits predict response to novel and familiar stimuli in the hippocampal region. Psychiatry Res 2009; 173:94-9. [PMID: 19541459 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence from genetic, neurochemical, and clinical research supports the notion that a combination of high novelty seeking and low harm avoidance traits (NS-ha) is reliably dissociable from the opposite personality profile (i.e., low novelty seeking and high harm avoidance, ns-HA). Little is known, however, about how the differences between these two types of personality are regulated by brain function. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and recruited two groups of individuals, one group with the NS-ha profile and the other group with the ns-HA profile, to examine whether there is a difference between the two groups in their brain response to novel versus familiar word stimuli. Results revealed a differential pattern of response in an area in the hippocampal region, with the NS-ha group showing a greater sensitivity to novel stimuli and the ns-HA group demonstrating a greater response to familiar stimuli. We conclude that the response pattern to novel and familiar stimuli in the hippocampal region has a role in mediating differences between the NS-ha and ns-HA temperamental profiles.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bhatti AS, Aydin C, Oztan O, Ma Z, Hall P, Tao R, Isgor C. Effects of a cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1 antagonist AM251 on behavioral sensitization to nicotine in a rat model of novelty-seeking behavior: correlation with hippocampal 5HT. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 203:23-32. [PMID: 18936914 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There are marked individual differences in the efficacy of mainstream nicotine cessation agents in preventing relapse. A rat model of novelty-seeking phenotype was reported to have predictive value for psychostimulant taking behavior where locomotor reactivity to novelty is used to rank high (HR, highest 1/3) versus low (LR, lowest 1/3) responsiveness to novelty in outbred rats. We tested the hypothesis that a cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1 antagonist that is in clinical trials for smoking cessation may reverse behaviorally sensitizing effects of nicotine in HRs and repeated nicotine-induced elevations in hippocampal 5HT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adolescent LRHR rats underwent intermittent behavioral sensitization to nicotine regimen with or without a CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 or bupropion treatment following nicotine training during 1 week of nicotine-free period. Expression of behavioral sensitization to nicotine was assessed in response to a low-dose nicotine challenge. Using the same sensitization regimen and therapeutic treatments, hippocampal 5HT levels were measured via in vivo microdialysis in response to the nicotine challenge. RESULTS HR but not LR animals showed behavioral sensitization to a low-dose nicotine challenge following intermittent nicotine training and 1 week of injection-free period. AM251 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) but not bupropion administration during injection-free period successfully reversed locomotor sensitization to nicotine challenge in HRs. AM251 treatment also reversed nicotine-induced elevations in extracellular 5HT in the HR hippocampal hilus. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CB1 antagonists may prevent locomotor sensitization to nicotine and reverse nicotine-induced elevations in hippocampal 5HT in high novelty seekers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrinder S Bhatti
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cohen MX, Schoene-Bake JC, Elger CE, Weber B. Connectivity-based segregation of the human striatum predicts personality characteristics. Nat Neurosci 2008; 12:32-4. [PMID: 19029888 DOI: 10.1038/nn.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We found that personality characteristics are linked to dissociable connectivity streams in the human brain. Whereas fiber tracts between a subcortical network, including the hippocampus and amygdala, and the ventral striatum predicted individual differences in novelty seeking, tracts between prefrontal cortex and the striatum predicted individual differences in reward dependence. These findings suggest that the strength of limbic-striatal connectivity may, in part, underlie human personality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael X Cohen
- Department of Epileptology and Life & Brain Center, Department of NeuroCognition, University of Bonn, Sigmund Freud Street 25, Bonn 53105, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|