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Balbuena L, Mela M, Ahmed AG. Parental factors predicting social deviance and psychological outcomes in offspring: Evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2024; 41:186-199. [PMID: 38645967 PMCID: PMC11027850 DOI: 10.1177/14550725231206015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine whether exposure to prenatal psychoactive substances is associated with psychological outcomes and deviant behaviour. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of 7,769 mother-child dyads in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) who were followed until the children were aged approximately 12 years. Parental characteristics and maternal use of various substances were collected in pregnancy and entered as predictors of psychological outcomes in childhood and deviant behaviours in early adolescence. The psychological outcomes were IQ, social cognition, working memory and inhibition, while the deviant behaviours were threatening others, truancy and cruelty to animals. Weighted logistic regression models were used to predict deviant behaviours and weighted linear regression for the psychological outcomes. Results: High prenatal alcohol exposure predicted truancy and cruelty to animals. Tobacco exposure predicted lower IQ, a greater social communication deficit, lower working memory, truancy and threatening others. Illicit drugs predicted a higher social communication deficit and truancy. All prenatal substance exposures remained significant after adjustment for peer influences and covariate imbalance. Conclusion: Alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were associated with deviant behaviours in early adolescence and these behaviours were preceded by psychological deficits in childhood. The present study supports the guideline that no amount of alcohol is safe to consume in pregnancy and that tobacco and illicit drugs should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Balbuena
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Mansfield Mela
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - AG Ahmed
- College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Lowell AF, Yatziv T, Peacock-Chambers E, Zayde A, DeCoste C, Suchman N, McMahon TJ. Reflective functioning in mothers with addictions: Differential relationships involving family history of mental illness and substance use. Front Psychol 2022; 13:911069. [PMID: 36312152 PMCID: PMC9614557 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.911069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental reflective functioning (RF) is often cited as an important domain in which mothers with addictions struggle in their roles as parents, though the links between addiction and RF remain unclear. Exposure to attachment trauma associated with parental mental illness and substance use is commonly associated with both addiction and lower RF. We thus examined how family history of parental mental illness and substance use may relate to the RF of mothers with addictions. One hundred ninety-four mothers in outpatient substance use treatment completed the Parent Development Interview and provided information about whether their mothers and fathers experienced mental illness or problems with substance use. Univariate ANOVAs revealed an interaction between family history of maternal mental illness and maternal substance use. Among mothers with a history of maternal substance use, those with a history of maternal mental illness had higher RF than those who had no history of maternal mental illness. Among mothers who did not report a family history of maternal mental illness, mothers who had a family history of maternal substance use exhibited significantly lower RF than mothers with no family history of maternal substance use. Exposure to paternal mental illness or substance use was not associated with mothers’ RF. These findings highlight the importance of disentangling the contributions of attachment trauma to mothers’ RF and utilizing interventions that support mothers’ capacity to reflect about how their early experiences of being cared for by a mother with a mental illness or addiction may impact their current caregiving behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda F. Lowell
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Amanda F. Lowell,
| | - Tal Yatziv
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Elizabeth Peacock-Chambers
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Amanda Zayde
- Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cindy DeCoste
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Nancy Suchman
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Thomas J. McMahon
- Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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Tabachnick AR, Eiden RD, Labella MH, Dozier M. Effects of an attachment-based intervention on autonomic regulation among opioid-exposed infants. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22286. [PMID: 35748625 PMCID: PMC9400098 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about whether postnatal intervention enhances autonomic regulation among infants at risk for dysregulation due to prenatal opioid exposure. The present study evaluated the effects of modified Attachment Behavioral Catch-up (mABC) on autonomic regulation for opioid-exposed infants in a pilot randomized clinical trial. We hypothesized that, compared to a control intervention (modified Developmental Education for Families [mDEF]), mABC would be associated with higher resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre-ejection period (PEP) as well as greater reactivity to and recovery from a social stressor (Still-Face Paradigm). Pregnant or peripartum women receiving opioid agonist therapy (61 mothers of 64 infants; final N = 36 infants) were randomly assigned to mABC or mDEF, 12-session home visiting programs beginning in the third trimester; mABC targets sensitive parenting, and mDEF targets cognitive and motor development. mABC was associated with significantly greater RSA reactivity and marginally greater PEP reactivity. In models accommodating missing data, mABC was additionally associated with significantly greater RSA recovery. In sensitivity analyses removing siblings, mABC predicted significantly enhanced PEP reactivity. Overall, in these preliminary analyses, mABC was associated with healthier autonomic regulation during a social stressor than mDEF. Thus, mABC may be a promising strategy to promote autonomic regulation among opioid-exposed infants through parenting intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. Tabachnick
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Rina Das Eiden
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Madelyn H. Labella
- Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Mary Dozier
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Laamanen P, Kiuru N, Flykt M, Vänskä M, Hietanen JK, Peltola MJ, Kurkela E, Poikkeus P, Tiitinen A, Lindblom J. How do early family systems predict emotion recognition in middle childhood? SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Laamanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Noona Kiuru
- Department of Psychology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Marjo Flykt
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Faculty of medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Mervi Vänskä
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Jari K. Hietanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Mikko J. Peltola
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Enni Kurkela
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Piia Poikkeus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Helsinki University Central Hospital Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Aila Tiitinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Helsinki University Central Hospital Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jallu Lindblom
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology Tampere University Tampere Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Turku Turku Finland
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