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Kulus J, Kranc W, Kulus M, Bukowska D, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Antosik P. New Gene Markers of Exosomal Regulation Are Involved in Porcine Granulosa Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11873. [PMID: 37511632 PMCID: PMC10380331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal regulation is intimately involved in key cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and adhesion. By participating in the regulation of basic mechanisms, extracellular vesicles are important in intercellular signaling and the functioning of the mammalian reproductive system. The complexity of intercellular interactions in the ovarian follicle is also based on multilevel intercellular signaling, including the mechanisms involving cadherins, integrins, and the extracellular matrix. The processes in the ovary leading to the formation of a fertilization-ready oocyte are extremely complex at the molecular level and depend on the oocyte's ongoing relationship with granulosa cells. An analysis of gene expression from material obtained from a primary in vitro culture of porcine granulosa cells was employed using microarray technology. Genes with the highest expression (LIPG, HSD3B1, CLIP4, LOX, ANKRD1, FMOD, SHAS2, TAGLN, ITGA8, MXRA5, and NEXN) and the lowest expression levels (DAPL1, HSD17B1, SNX31, FST, NEBL, CXCL10, RGS2, MAL2, IHH, and TRIB2) were selected for further analysis. The gene expression results obtained from the microarrays were validated using quantitative RT-qPCR. Exosomes may play important roles regarding intercellular signaling between granulosa cells. Therefore, exosomes may have significant applications in regenerative medicine, targeted therapy, and assisted reproduction technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kulus
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Wiesława Kranc
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kulus
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Center of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Han X, Xia X, Chen W, Meng F, Cao X, Bu G, Gan T, Du X, Liang Q, Zeng X. Efficacy of Immunization against a Novel Synthetic 13-Amino Acid Betaglycan-Binding Peptide Sequence of Inhibin α Subunit on Promoting Fertility in Female Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086914. [PMID: 37108077 PMCID: PMC10138769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibins suppress the FSH production in pituitary gonadotrope cells by robustly antagonizing activin signaling by competitively binding to activin type II receptors (ACTR II). The binding of inhibin A to ACTR II requires the presence of its co-receptor, namely, betaglycan. In humans, the critical binding site for betaglycan to inhibin A was identified on the inhibin α subunit. Through conservation analysis, we found that a core 13-amino-acid peptide sequence <VRTTSDGGYSFKY> within the betaglycan-binding epitope on human inhibin α subunit is highly conserved across species. Based on the tandem sequence of such a conserved 13-amino-acid betaglycan-binding epitope (INHα13AA-T), we developed a novel inhibin vaccine and tested its efficacy in promoting female fertility using the female rat as a model. Compared with placebo-immunized controls, INHα13AA-T immunization induced a marked (p < 0.05) antibody generation, enhanced (p < 0.05) ovarian follicle development, and increased ovulation rate and litter sizes. Mechanistically, INHα13AA-T immunization promoted (p < 0.05) pituitary Fshb transcription and increased (p < 0.05) serum FSH and 17β-estradiol concentrations. In summary, active immunization against INHα13AA-T potently increased FSH levels, ovarian follicle development, ovulation rate and litter sizes, thus causing super-fertility in females. Therefore, immunization against INHα13AA is a promising alternative to the conventional approach of multiple ovulation and super-fertility in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfa Han
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Weihao Chen
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Fengyan Meng
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiaohan Cao
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Guixian Bu
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Tian Gan
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiaogang Du
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qiuxia Liang
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xianyin Zeng
- Isotope Research Lab, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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Meng F, Yao H, Li J, Zhuo Y, Yu G, Bu G, Cao X, Du X, Liang Q, Zeng X, Han X. Effects of active immunization against a 13-amino acid receptor-binding epitope of FSHβ on fertility regulation in female mice. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100669. [PMID: 35772190 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is crucial for ovarian folliculogenesis and thus essential for female fertility. Here, we developed a novel FSH vaccine based on the tandem of a 13-amino acid receptor-binding epitope of FSHβ (FSHβ13AA-T) and used a mouse model to test its efficacy in female fertility regulation. Compared to placebo-immunized controls, FSHβ13AA-T vaccination: induced a marked (P < 0.05) antibody generation; reduced (P < 0.05) serum concentrations of FSH, inhibin B and 17β-estradiol; disrupted (P < 0.05) normal estrous cyclicity; delayed (P = 0.08) establishment of pregnancy; blocked (P < 0.05) folliculogenesis; and reduced (P < 0.05) litter size. Mechanistically, FSH vaccination reduced (P < 0.05) ovarian estrogen production by decreasing Lhcgr, Cyp19a1 and HSD3β1 expression, and suppressed ovarian follicular development by decreasing ovarian Fshr, Inhα, Foxo3a, Bmp15 and Cdh1 expression. Overall, vaccination of female mice with FSHβ13AA-T substantially disrupted FSH-dependent ovarian steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis, and caused subfertility. Therefore, vaccines based on FSHβ13AA-T have potential as anti-fertility/contraceptive agents in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Meng
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Huan Yao
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of the Ministry of Education of China, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guozhi Yu
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Guixian Bu
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiaohan Cao
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - XiaoGang Du
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qiuxia Liang
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xianyin Zeng
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xingfa Han
- Isotope Research Lab, Biological Engineering and Application Biology Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Samardzija Nenadov D, Tesic B, Fa S, Pogrmic-Majkic K, Kokai D, Stanic B, Andric N. Long-term in vitro exposure of human granulosa cells to the mixture of endocrine disrupting chemicals found in human follicular fluid disrupts steroidogenesis. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 79:105302. [PMID: 34929288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Most in vitro studies examine the effects of a single ED or a mixture of EDs on granulosa cells using short-term exposure; however, this approach is unlikely to reflect long-term, real-life exposures that are common in humans. We established an in vitro model that mimics long-term exposure of granulosa cells to real-life ED mixture. Human granulosa cells, HGrC1, were exposed to the mixture consisting of bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenyl 153, benzo[a]pyrene, and perfluorooctanesulfonate in concentrations found in human follicular fluid (MIX) for 48 h and 4 weeks. Only long-term exposure to MIX decreased estradiol production after 2 and 3 weeks, and CYP19A1 protein after 2 weeks of exposure. By week 4, the cells restored estradiol production and CYP19A1 protein level. MIX increased basal progesterone production after 3 and 4 weeks of exposure but did not affect STAR and CYP11A1 mRNA. Cells that had been exposed to MIX for 4 weeks showed augmentation of forskolin-stimulated progesterone production. These results demonstrate that only long-term exposure to MIX alters steroidogenesis in HGrC1. This study also revealed that adverse effects of MIX on steroidogenesis in HGrC1 occurred a few weeks into MIX exposure and that this effect can be transient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biljana Tesic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Fa
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | | | - Dunja Kokai
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stanic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia.
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Mourikes VE, Flaws JA. Effects of Chemical Mixtures on the Ovary. Reproduction 2021; 162:F91-F100. [PMID: 33528380 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ovaries play a critical role in female reproductive health because they are the site of oocyte maturation and sex steroid hormone production. The unique cellular processes that take place within the ovary make it a susceptible target for chemical mixtures. Herein, we review the available data regarding the effects of chemical mixtures on the ovary, focusing on development, folliculogenesis, and steroidogenesis. The chemical mixtures discussed include those to which women are exposed to environmentally, occupationally, and medically. Following a brief introduction to chemical mixture components, we describe the effects of chemical mixtures on ovarian development, folliculogenesis, and steroidogenesis. Further, we discuss the effects of chemical mixtures on corpora lutea and transgenerational outcomes. Identifying the effects of chemical mixtures on the ovaries is paramount to preventing and treating mixture-inducing toxicity of the ovary that has long-term consequences such as infertility and ovarian disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki E Mourikes
- V Mourikes, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, United States
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- J Flaws, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
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Gogola J, Hoffmann M, Nimpsz S, Ptak A. Disruption of 17β-estradiol secretion by persistent organic pollutants present in human follicular fluid is dependent on the potential of ovarian granulosa tumor cell lines to metabolize estrogen. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 503:110698. [PMID: 31891770 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as perfluorooctanoate, perfluorooctane sulfonate, 2,2-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene, and polychlorinated biphenyl 153 are persistent pollutants that are found in human follicular fluid (FF). These compounds may affect endocrine function, disrupt steroid secretion by granulosa cells, and play a role in granulosa cell tumor (GCT) development. GCTs demonstrate endocrine activity, expressing aromatase and secreting 17β-estradiol (E2). We aimed to determine the effects of a mixture of EDCs, similar to that found in human FF, on human granulosa tumor cell lines representing the juvenile (JGCT) and adult (AGCT) forms (COV434 and KGN cells, respectively). We found that all the individual compounds and mixtures tested altered granulosa tumor cell function by disrupting E2 secretion. In KGN cells, which possess significantly higher basal aromatase gene expression, and therefore secrete more E2 than JGCT cells, EDC mixtures activated estrogen receptors (ERs) and G protein-coupled receptor-30 signaling, thereby stimulating E2 secretion, without affecting aromatase expression. By contrast, in COV434 cells, which demonstrate higher CYP1A1 expression, a key mediator of estrogen metabolism, than KGN cells, EDC mixtures reduced E2 secretion in parallel with increases in the 2-hydroxyestrogen 1/E2 ratio and CYP1A1 expression, implying an upregulation of E2 metabolism. These results indicate that the EDC mixture present in FF disrupts E2 secretion in JGCT and AGCT cells according to the estrogen metabolic potential of the cell type, involving both classical and non-classical ER pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Gogola
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Samantha Nimpsz
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Ptak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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