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Duman BÖ, Yazir Y, Halbutoğullari ZS, Mert S, Öztürk A, Gacar G, Duruksu G. Production of alginate macrocapsule device for long-term normoglycaemia in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus with pancreatic cell sheet engineering. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025008. [PMID: 38194706 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad1c9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes-mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by damage of beta cells in pancreatic islets. Cell-sheet engineering, one of the newest therapeutic approaches, has also been used to create functional islet systems by creating islet/beta cell-sheets and transferring these systems to areas that require minimally invasive intervention, such as extrahepatic areas. Since islets, beta cells, and pancreas transplants are allogeneic, immune problems such as tissue rejection occur after treatment, and patients become insulin dependent again. In this study, we aimed to design the most suitable cell-sheet treatment method and macrocapsule-device that could provide long-term normoglycemia in rats. Firstly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and beta cells were co-cultured in a temperature-responsive culture dish to obtain a cell-sheet and then the cell-sheets macroencapsulated using different concentrations of alginate. The mechanical properties and pore sizes of the macrocapsule-device were characterized. The viability and activity of cell-sheets in the macrocapsule were evaluatedin vitroandin vivo. Fasting blood glucose levels, body weight, and serum insulin & C-peptide levels were evaluated after transplantation in diabetic-rats. After the transplantation, the blood glucose level at 225 mg dl-1on the 10th day dropped to 168 mg dl-1on the 15th day, and remained at the normoglycemic level for 210 days. In this study, an alginate macrocapsule-device was successfully developed to protect cell-sheets from immune attacks after transplantation. The results of our study provide the basis for future animal and human studies in which this method can be used to provide long-term cellular therapy in T1DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Öncel Duman
- European Vocational School, Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, 41030 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yusufhan Yazir
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zehra Seda Halbutoğullari
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Serap Mert
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Öztürk
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Gacar
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Kocaeli University (KOGEM), TR41001 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Yang F, Carmona A, Stojkova K, Garcia Huitron EI, Goddi A, Bhushan A, Cohen RN, Brey EM. A 3D human adipose tissue model within a microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:435-446. [PMID: 33351023 PMCID: PMC7876365 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An accurate in vitro model of human adipose tissue could assist in the study of adipocyte function and allow for better tools for screening new therapeutic compounds. Cell culture models on two-dimensional surfaces fall short of mimicking the three-dimensional in vivo adipose environment, while three-dimensional culture models are often unable to support long-term cell culture due, in part, to insufficient mass transport. Microfluidic systems have been explored for adipose tissue models. However, current systems have primarily focused on 2D cultured adipocytes. In this work, a 3D human adipose microtissue was engineered within a microfluidic system. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were used as the cell source for generating differentiated adipocytes. The ADSCs differentiated within the microfluidic system formed a dense lipid-loaded mass with the expression of adipose tissue genetic markers. Engineered adipose tissue showed a decreased adiponectin secretion and increased free fatty acid secretion with increasing shear stress. Adipogenesis markers were downregulated with increasing shear stress. Overall, this microfluidic system enables the on-chip differentiation and development of a functional 3D human adipose microtissue supported by the interstitial flow. This system could potentially serve as a platform for in vitro drug testing for adipose tissue-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Yang
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chicago, 60616, USA
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Peng W, Peng Z, Tang P, Sun H, Lei H, Li Z, Hui D, Du C, Zhou C, Wang Y. Review of Plastic Surgery Biomaterials and Current Progress in Their 3D Manufacturing Technology. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13184108. [PMID: 32947925 PMCID: PMC7560273 DOI: 10.3390/ma13184108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic surgery is a broad field, including maxillofacial surgery, skin flaps and grafts, liposuction and body contouring, breast surgery, and facial cosmetic procedures. Due to the requirements of plastic surgery for the biological safety of materials, biomaterials are widely used because of its superior biocompatibility and biodegradability. Currently, there are many kinds of biomaterials clinically used in plastic surgery and their applications are diverse. Moreover, with the rise of three-dimensional printing technology in recent years, the macroscopically more precise and personalized bio-scaffolding materials with microporous structure have made good progress, which is thought to bring new development to biomaterials. Therefore, in this paper, we reviewed the plastic surgery biomaterials and current progress in their 3D manufacturing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- Department of Palliative Care, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Occupational Health Emergency Key Laboratory of West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyu Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Pei Tang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huan Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (H.S.); (H.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Haoyuan Lei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (H.S.); (H.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (P.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Didi Hui
- Innovatus Oral Cosmetic & Surgical Institute, Norman, OK 73069, USA; (D.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Colin Du
- Innovatus Oral Cosmetic & Surgical Institute, Norman, OK 73069, USA; (D.H.); (C.D.)
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; (H.S.); (H.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Yongwei Wang
- Department of Palliative Care, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- Occupational Health Emergency Key Laboratory of West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Lv S, Gao J, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Guo X, Sun G. Study on the stability and cellular affinity of gelatin-polysaccharide composite films. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2230-2239. [PMID: 32363671 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The gelatin film has great potential in biomedical applications, especially in wound healing. The combination of gelatin films and stem cells could further accelerate the skin regeneration. Although polysaccharide modification can improve the mechanical property and biological activity of gelatin films, information about the stability and cellular affinity is still limited. This study investigated the influence of polysaccharides on the stability and cellular affinity of gelatin films. Two kinds of gelatin-polysaccharide composite films, including gelatin-hyaluronic acid (G-HA) and gelatin-chitosan (G-CS), were prepared in this study. It was found that G-HA composite film had better short-term and long-term stability compared with G-CS composite film. And G-HA composite film also had better biological safety than G-CS film. Moreover, the surface of G-HA composite film supported the adhesion and growth of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ MSCs) better than G-CS film surface. These data illustrated that G-HA composite film has better stability and cellular affinity compared with G-CS film, which could be considered a promising delivery system of stem cells for further in vivo studies. Therefore, this work would be very helpful to optimize the preparation of gelatin-polysaccharide composite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Shijie Lv
- Dalian Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Scientific Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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Polycaprolactone/Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Electrospun Scaffolds to Mimic Glioblastoma Extracellular Matrix. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112661. [PMID: 32545241 PMCID: PMC7321639 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most malignant types of human brain tumor, is resistant to conventional treatments and is associated with poor survival. Since the 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) of GBM microenvironment plays a significant role on the tumor behavior, the engineering of the ECM will help us to get more information on the tumor behavior and to define novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin(Gel)/hyaluronic acid(HA) composite scaffolds with aligned and randomly oriented nanofibers were successfully fabricated by electrospinning for mimicking the extracellular matrix of GBM tumor. We investigated the effect of nanotopography and components of fibers on the mechanical, morphological, and hydrophilic properties of electrospun nanofiber as well as their biocompatibility properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) have been used to investigate possible interactions between components. The mean fiber diameter in the nanofiber matrix was increased with the presence of HA at low collector rotation speed. Moreover, the rotational velocity of the collector affected the fiber diameters as well as their homogenous distribution. Water contact angle measurements confirmed that hyaluronic acid-incorporated aligned nanofibers were more hydrophilic than that of random nanofibers. In addition, PCL/Gel/HA nanofibrous scaffold (7.9 MPa) exhibited a significant decrease in tensile strength compared to PCL/Gel nanofibrous mat (19.2 MPa). In-vitro biocompatibilities of nanofiber scaffolds were tested with glioblastoma cells (U251), and the PCL/Gel/HA scaffolds with random nanofiber showed improved cell adhesion and proliferation. On the other hand, PCL/Gel/HA scaffolds with aligned nanofiber were found suitable for enhancing axon growth and elongation supporting intracellular communication. Based on these results, PCL/Gel/HA composite scaffolds are excellent candidates as a biomimetic matrix for GBM and the study of the tumor.
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Advances in biomaterials for adipose tissue reconstruction in plastic surgery. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Adipose tissue reconstruction is an important technique for soft tissue defects caused by facial plastic surgery and trauma. Adipose tissue reconstruction can be repaired by fat transplantation and biomaterial filling, but there are some problems in fat transplantation, such as second operation and limited resources. The application of advanced artificial biomaterials is a promising strategy. In this paper, injectable biomaterials and three-dimensional (3D) tissue-engineered scaffold materials for adipose tissue reconstruction in plastic surgery are reviewed. Injectable biomaterials include natural biomaterials and artificial biomaterials, which generally have problems such as high absorptivity of fillers, repeated injection, and rejection. In recent years, the technology of new 3D tissue-engineering scaffold materials with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and porous scaffold as the core has made good progress in fat reconstruction, which is expected to solve the current problem of clinical adipose tissue reconstruction, and various biomaterials preparation technology and transformation research also provide the basis for clinical transformation of fat tissue reconstruction.
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Yin F, Lin L, Zhan S. Preparation and properties of cellulose nanocrystals, gelatin, hyaluronic acid composite hydrogel as wound dressing. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:190-201. [PMID: 30556771 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1558933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin (GA), hyaluronic acid (HA) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are promising materials for skin wound care. In this study the GA-HA-CNC hydrogels were prepared by cross-linking and freeze-drying. The composition and mechanism of GA-HA-CNC hydrogels were confirmed by FTIR. The morphology and pore size were obtained by SEM. We accessed the physical property from rheological results and swelling ratio. NIH-3T3 cells were inoculated into the hydrogels and cultured for different days, then we analyzed the cytotoxicity of the prepared hydrogels by CCK-8 methods and live/dead pictorial diagram using staining kits. FTIR revealed the combination between GA, HA and CNC was attributed to the amide bond and hydrogen bonding. SEM results showed that the drying GA-HA-CNC hydrogels were spongy, with the pore diameter about 80-120 µm. CNC significantly enhanced the property of the hydrogels and play a vital role according to the rheology and swelling results. The cells culture results showed that NIH-3T3 cells can attached to, grow, and proliferate well on the GA-HA-CNC hydrogels. In conclusion, the natural GA-HA-CNC hydrogel has great potential for the skin wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lanfang Lin
- b Linyi Lanshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Linyi , China
| | - Shijuan Zhan
- c Second Department of Oncology , Linyi People's Hospital , Linyi , China
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Kenar H, Ozdogan CY, Dumlu C, Doger E, Kose GT, Hasirci V. Microfibrous scaffolds from poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) blended with xeno-free collagen/hyaluronic acid for improvement of vascularization in tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 97:31-44. [PMID: 30678916 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Success of 3D tissue substitutes in clinical applications depends on the presence of vascular networks in their structure. Accordingly, research in tissue engineering is focused on the stimulation of angiogenesis or generation of a vascular network in the scaffolds prior to implantation. A novel, xeno-free, collagen/hyaluronic acid-based poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLC/COL/HA) (20/9.5/0.5 w/w/w) microfibrous scaffold was produced by electrospinning. Collagen types I and III, and hyaluronic acid were isolated from human umbilical cords and blended with the GMP grade PLC. When compared with PLC scaffolds the PLC/COL/HA had higher water uptake capacity (103% vs 66%) which may have contributed to the decrease in its Young's Modulus (from 1.31 to 0.89 MPa). The PLC/COL/HA better supported adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AT MSC) adhesion; within 24 h the cell number on the PLC/COL/HA scaffolds was 3 fold higher. Co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and AT MSCs induced capillary formation on both scaffold types, but the PLC/COL/HA led to formation of interconnected vessels whose total length was 1.6 fold of the total vessel length on PLC. Clinical use of this scaffold would eliminate the immune response triggered by xenogeneic collagen and transmission of animal-borne diseases while promoting a better vascular network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halime Kenar
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Turkey; Polymer Science and Technology Dept., Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Turkey; BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Candan Yilmaz Ozdogan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Turkey; Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Turkey
| | - Cansu Dumlu
- Polymer Science and Technology Dept., Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Turkey
| | - Emek Doger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kocaeli University, Turkey
| | - Gamze Torun Kose
- BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, Turkey
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Cho KH, Uthaman S, Park IK, Cho CS. Injectable Biomaterials in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Review of the Current Status. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:559-574. [PMID: 30603579 PMCID: PMC6171701 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injectable biomaterials have attracted increasing attention for volume restoration and tissue regeneration. The main aim of this review is to discuss the current status of the injectable biomaterials for correction of tissue defects in plastic and reconstructive surgery. METHODS Requirements of injectable biomaterials, mechanism of in situ gelation, characteristics, and the combinational usage of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and growth factors were reviewed. RESULTS The ideal injectable biomaterials should be biocompatible, non-toxic, easy to use, and cost-effective. Additionally, it should possess adequate mechanical properties and stability. In situ gelation method includes physical, chemical, enzymatic and photo-initiated methods. Natural and synthetic biomaterials carry their pros and cons due to their inherent properties. The combined use of ADSCs and growth factors provides enhanced potential for adipose tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS The usage of injectable biomaterials has been increasing for the tissue restoration and regeneration. The future of incorporating ADSCs and growth factors into the injectable biomaterials is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, 160 Baekseo-ro, Gwangju, 61469 Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
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Feasibility of autologous plasma gel for tonsil-derived stem cell therapeutics in hypoparathyroidism. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11896. [PMID: 30093637 PMCID: PMC6085304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the body. We previously reported the possibility of treating it using tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) differentiated into PTH-releasing cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using autologous plasma gel as scaffold material in treatment of hypoparathyroidism with TMSC. We obtained plasma by venous sampling of autologous blood and centrifuged and fabricated the plasma gel using a sinusoidal pattern heating machine. After we created the hypoparathyroidism animal model, we administered undifferentiated TMSCs and TMSCs differentiated into parathyroid cells at each rat dorsum by intramuscular injection with and without the plasma gel. In the plasma gel groups, intact PTH was detected from on day 21 after TMSC injection; we did not detect intact PTH in the groups that were only transplanted with TMSCs during the entire experimental period. Serum calcium was higher and phosphorous was lower in the TMSC with plasma gel groups than in the groups with TMSCs alone. We detected PTH and chromogranin A in the TMSC-plasma gel-transplanted areas on immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence stain. Plasma gel can be considered as a cell-delivery scaffold for treating hypoparathyroidism with tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
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Generation of Gellan Gum-Based Adipose-Like Microtissues. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:bioengineering5030052. [PMID: 29954069 PMCID: PMC6163196 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is involved in many physiological processes. Therefore, the need for adipose tissue-like analogues either for soft tissue reconstruction or as in vitro testing platforms is undeniable. In this work, we explored the natural features of gellan gum (GG) to recreate injectable stable adipose-like microtissues. GG hydrogel particles with different percentages of polymer (0.5%, 0.75%, 1.25%) were developed and the effect of obtained mechanical properties over the ability of hASCs to differentiate towards the adipogenic lineage was evaluated based on the expression of the early (PPARγ) and late (FABP4) adipogenic markers, and on lipids formation and accumulation. Constructs were cultured in adipogenic induction medium up to 21 days or for six days in induction plus nine days in maintenance media. Overall, no significant differences were observed in terms of hASCs adipogenic differentiation within the range of Young’s moduli between 2.7 and 12.9 kPa. The long-term (up to six weeks) stability of the developed constructs supported its application in soft tissue reconstruction. Moreover, their ability to function as adipose-like microtissue models for drug screening was demonstrated by confirming its sensitivity to TNFα and ROCK inhibitor, respectively involved in the repression and induction of the adipogenic differentiation.
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12
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Exploring the potential of polyurethane-based soft foam as cell-free scaffold for soft tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:141-153. [PMID: 29654992 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reconstructive treatment after trauma and tumor resection would greatly benefit from an effective soft tissue regeneration. The use of cell-free scaffolds for adipose tissue regeneration in vivo is emerging as an attractive alternative to tissue-engineered constructs, since this approach avoids complications due to cell manipulation and lack of synchronous vascularization. In this study, we developed a biodegradable polyurethane-based scaffold for soft tissue regeneration, characterized by an exceptional combination between softness and resilience. Exploring the potential as a cell-free scaffold required profound understanding of the impact of its intrinsic physico-chemical properties on the biological performance in vivo. We investigated the effect of the scaffold's hydrophilic character, degradation kinetics, and internal morphology on (i) the local inflammatory response and activation of MGCs (foreign body response); (ii) its ability to promote rapid vascularisation, cell infiltration and migration through the scaffold over time; and (iii) the grade of maturation of the newly formed tissue into vascularized soft tissue in a murine model. The study revealed that soft tissue regeneration in vivo proceeded by gradual infiltration of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells though the periphery toward the center of the scaffold, where the rapid formation of a functional and well-formed vascular network supported cell viability overtime. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Exploring the potential of polyurethane-based soft foam as cell-free scaffold for soft tissue regeneration. In this work, we address the unmet need for synthetic functional soft tissue substitutes that provide adequate biological and mechanical support to soft tissue. We developed a series of flexible cross-linked polyurethane copolymer scaffolds with remarkable fatigue-resistance and tunable physico-chemical properties for soft tissue regeneration in vivo. Accordingly, we could extend the potential of this class of biomaterials, which was so far confined for bone and osteochondral tissue regeneration, to other types of connective tissue.
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Kuss M, Kim J, Qi D, Wu S, Lei Y, Chung S, Duan B. Effects of tunable, 3D-bioprinted hydrogels on human brown adipocyte behavior and metabolic function. Acta Biomater 2018; 71:486-495. [PMID: 29555462 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and its related health complications cause billions of dollars in healthcare costs annually in the United States, and there are yet to be safe and long-lasting anti-obesity approaches. Using brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising approach, as it uses fats for energy expenditure. However, the effect of the microenvironment on human thermogenic brown adipogenesis and how to generate clinically relevant sized and functioning BAT are still unknown. In our current study, we evaluated the effects of endothelial growth medium exposure on brown adipogenesis of human brown adipose progenitors (BAP). We found that pre-exposing BAP to angiogenic factors promoted brown adipogenic differentiation and metabolic activity. We further 3D bioprinted brown and white adipose progenitors within hydrogel-based bioink with controllable physicochemical properties and evaluated the cell responses in 3D bioprinted environments. We used soft, stiff, and stiff-porous constructs to encapsulate the cells. All three types had high cell viability and allowed for varying levels of function for both white and brown adipocytes. We found that the soft hydrogel constructs promoted white adipogenesis, while the stiff-porous hydrogel constructs improved both white and brown adipogenesis and were the optimal condition for promoting brown adipogenesis. Consistently, stiff-porous hydrogel constructs showed higher metabolic activities than stiff hydrogel constructs, as assessed by 2-deoxy glucose uptake (2-DOG) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR). These findings show that the physicochemical environments affect the brown adipogenesis and metabolic function, and further tuning will be able to optimize their functions. Our results also demonstrate that 3D bioprinting of brown adipose tissues with clinically relevant size and metabolic activity has the potential to be a viable option in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE One promising strategy for the treatment or prevention of obesity-mediated health complications is augmenting brown adipose tissues (BAT), which is a specialized fat that actively dissipate energy in the form of heat and maintain energy balance. In this study, we determined how pre-exposing human brown adipose progenitors (BAP) to angiogenic factors in 2D and how bioprinted microenvironments in 3D affected brown adipogenic differentiation and metabolic activity. We demonstrated that white and brown adipogenesis, and thermogenesis were regulated by tuning the bioprintable matrix stiffness and construct structure. This study not only unveils the interaction between BAP and 3D physiological microenvironments, but also presents a novel tissue engineered strategy to manage obesity and other related metabolic disorders.
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Kessler L, Gehrke S, Winnefeld M, Huber B, Hoch E, Walter T, Wyrwa R, Schnabelrauch M, Schmidt M, Kückelhaus M, Lehnhardt M, Hirsch T, Jacobsen F. Methacrylated gelatin/hyaluronan-based hydrogels for soft tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417744157. [PMID: 29318000 PMCID: PMC5753891 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417744157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro–generated soft tissue could provide alternate therapies for soft tissue defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate methacrylated gelatin/hyaluronan as scaffolds for soft tissue engineering and their interaction with human adipose–derived stem cells (hASCs). ASCs were incorporated into methacrylated gelatin/hyaluronan hydrogels. The gels were photocrosslinked with a lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate photoinitiator and analyzed for cell viability and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs over a period of 30 days. Additionally, an angiogenesis assay was performed to assess their angiogenic potential. After 24 h, ASCs showed increased viability on composite hydrogels. These results were consistent over 21 days of culture. By induction of adipogenic differentiation, the mature adipocytes were observed after 7 days of culture, their number significantly increased until day 28 as well as expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 and adiponectin. Our scaffolds are promising as building blocks for adipose tissue engineering and allowed long viability, proliferation, and differentiation of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kessler
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandra Gehrke
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Winnefeld
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Huber
- Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eva Hoch
- Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Wyrwa
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e. V., Jena, Germany
| | | | - Malte Schmidt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kückelhaus
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Hirsch
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Centre, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil GmbH, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Brett E, Chung N, Leavitt WT, Momeni A, Longaker MT, Wan DC. A Review of Cell-Based Strategies for Soft Tissue Reconstruction. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:336-346. [PMID: 28372485 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue reconstruction to restore volume to damaged or deficient tissue beneath the skin remains a challenging endeavor. Current techniques are centered around autologous fat transfer, or the use of synthetic substitutes, however, a great deal of scientific inquiry has been made into both the molecular mechanisms involved in, and limitations of, de novo adipogenesis, that is, the formation of new adipose tissue from precursor cells. To best comprehend these mechanisms, an understanding of defined markers for adipogenic differentiation, and knowledge of both commercially available and primary cell lines that enable in vitro and in vivo studies is necessary. We review the growth factors, proteins, cytokines, drugs, and molecular pathways that have shown promise in enhancing adipogenesis and vasculogenesis, in addition to the multitude of scaffolds that act as delivery vehicles to support these processes. While progress continues on these fronts, equally important is how researchers are optimizing clinically employed strategies such as autologous fat transfer through cell-based intervention, and the potential to augment this approach through isolation of preferentially adipogenic or angiogenic precursor subpopulations, which exists on the horizon. This review will highlight the novel molecular and synthetic modifications currently being studied for inducing adipose tissue regeneration on a cellular level, which will expand our arsenal of techniques for approaching soft tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brett
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Natalie Chung
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - William Tripp Leavitt
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Arash Momeni
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Michael T Longaker
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California.,2 Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Derrick C Wan
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
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Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Scaffolds and Multipotent Stromal Cells (MSCs) in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 12:664-681. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Abbott RD, Wang RY, Reagan MR, Chen Y, Borowsky FE, Zieba A, Marra KG, Rubin JP, Ghobrial IM, Kaplan DL. The Use of Silk as a Scaffold for Mature, Sustainable Unilocular Adipose 3D Tissue Engineered Systems. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1667-77. [PMID: 27197588 PMCID: PMC4982640 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a critical need for monitoring physiologically relevant, sustainable, human adipose tissues in vitro to gain new insights into metabolic diseases. To support long-term culture, a 3D silk scaffold assisted culture system is developed that maintains mature unilocular adipocytes ex vivo in coculture with preadipocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells obtained from small volumes of liquefied adipose samples. Without the silk scaffold, adipose tissue explants cannot be sustained in long-term culture (3 months) due to their fragility. Adjustments to media components are used to tune lipid metabolism and proliferation, in addition to responsiveness to an inflammatory stimulus. Interestingly, patient specific responses to TNFα stimulation are observed, providing a proof-of-concept translational technique for patient specific disease modeling in the future. In summary, this novel 3D scaffold assisted approach is required for establishing physiologically relevant, sustainable, human adipose tissue systems from small volumes of lipoaspirate, making this methodology of great value to studies of metabolism, adipokine-driven diseases, and other diseases where the roles of adipocytes are only now becoming uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn D. Abbott
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Y. Wang
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- School of Medicine, Harvard Institute, 4 Blackfan Circle, 2nd Floor, Suite 240 Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Ying Chen
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
| | - Francis E. Borowsky
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
| | - Adam Zieba
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
| | - Kacey G. Marra
- Departments of Plastic Surgery in the School of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States of America
| | - J. Peter Rubin
- Departments of Plastic Surgery in the School of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States of America
| | - Irene M. Ghobrial
- School of Medicine, Harvard Institute, 4 Blackfan Circle, 2nd Floor, Suite 240 Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St. Medford MA 02155, United States of America
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GÖV E, KENAR H, HALBUTOĞULLARI ZS, ARĞA KY, KARAÖZ E. Cardiomyogenic differentiation potential of human lipoaspirate-derivedstem cells on hyaluronic acid/gelatin plasma gels. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Physico-chemical characteristics of coated silicone textured versus smooth breast implants differentially influence breast-derived fibroblast morphology and behaviour. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 40:140-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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