1
|
Bartolomeu F, Carvalho O, Gasik M, Silva FS. Multi-functional Ti6Al4V-CoCrMo implants fabricated by multi-material laser powder bed fusion technology: A disruptive material's design and manufacturing philosophy. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105583. [PMID: 36442369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A home-made 3D Multi-Material Laser Powder Bed Fusion (3DMMLPBF) technology was exploited to manufacture novel multi-material Ti6Al4V-CoCrMo parts. This multi-material concept aims to bring to life a new and disruptive material's design concept for the acetabular cup. Only using a layer-by-layer approach it is possible to manufacture an acetabular cup capable to combine CoCrMo alloy wear resistance and Ti6Al4V alloy bone-friendly nature, in a single component, fabricated at once. This system works with multiple powder deposition functions and vacuum cleaning procedures allowing to use two different powders (Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo) in each layer and thus, allowing to construct 3D Multi-Material transition between distinct materials, point-by-point and layer-by-layer. In this sense, the manufacturing strategies and the functional transition between Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo with a mechanical interlocking were analyzed and discussed both from mechanical and metallurgical point of view. A small diffusion area and no evidence of defects or cracks can be found in the transition's regions between the distinct materials which are strong evidences of a solid metallurgical bonding at the interfacial regions of Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo materials. A functional transition is also obtained through a design capable to provide a 3D mechanical interlocking with potential of assuring, simultaneously, tensile and compressive strength. This proof of concept might be a step-ahead in Laser Powder Bed Fusion in which the most desired intrinsic of individual materials can be combined in a single component targeting biomedical disruptive solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Bartolomeu
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal; LABBELS -Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - O Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal; LABBELS -Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Gasik
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University Foundation, 00076, Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - F S Silva
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal; LABBELS -Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Otto JL, Fedotov I, Penyaz M, Schaum T, Kalenborn A, Kalin B, Sevryukov O, Walther F. Microstructure and Defect-Based Fatigue Mechanism Evaluation of Brazed Coaxial Ti/Al 2O 3 Joints for Enhanced Endoprosthesis Design. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247895. [PMID: 34947498 PMCID: PMC8707568 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alumina-based ceramic hip endoprosthesis heads have excellent tribological properties, such as low wear rates. However, stress peaks can occur at the point of contact with the prosthesis stem, increasing the probability of fracture. This risk should be minimized, especially for younger and active patients. Metal elevations at the stem taper after revision surgery without removal of a well-fixed stem are also known to increase the risk of fracture. A solution that also eliminates the need for an adapter sleeve could be a fixed titanium insert in the ceramic ball head, which would be suitable as a damping element to reduce the occurrence of stress peaks. A viable method for producing such a permanent titanium–ceramic joint is brazing. Therefore, a brazing method was developed for coaxial samples, and two modifications were made to the ceramic surface to braze a joint that could withstand high cyclic loading. This cyclic loading was applied in multiple amplitude tests in a self-developed test setup, followed by fractographic studies. Computed tomography and microstructural analyses—such as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy—were also used to characterize the process–structure–property relationships. It was found that the cyclic loading capacity can be significantly increased by modification of the surface structure of the ceramic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes L. Otto
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (T.S.); (A.K.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ivan Fedotov
- Department of Materials Science, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia; (I.F.); (M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Milena Penyaz
- Department of Materials Science, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia; (I.F.); (M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Thorge Schaum
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (T.S.); (A.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Anke Kalenborn
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (T.S.); (A.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Boris Kalin
- Department of Materials Science, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia; (I.F.); (M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Oleg Sevryukov
- Department of Materials Science, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409 Moscow, Russia; (I.F.); (M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Frank Walther
- Chair of Materials Test Engineering (WPT), TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (T.S.); (A.K.); (F.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Straumal BB, Korneva A, Kilmametov AR, Lityńska-Dobrzyńska L, Gornakova AS, Chulist R, Karpov MI, Zięba P. Structural and Mechanical Properties of Ti⁻Co Alloys Treated by High Pressure Torsion. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12030426. [PMID: 30704123 PMCID: PMC6384736 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure and properties of titanium-based alloys can be tailored using severe plastic deformation. The structure and microhardness of Ti–4 wt.% Co alloy have been studied after preliminary annealing and following high pressure torsion (HPT). The Ti–4 wt.% Co alloy has been annealed at 400, 500, and 600 °C, i.e., below the temperature of eutectoid transformation in the Ti–4 wt.% Co system. The amount of Co dissolved in α-Ti increased with increasing annealing temperature. HPT led to the transformation of α-Ti in ω-Ti. After HPT, the amount of ω-phase in the sample annealed at 400 °C was about 8085%, i.e., higher than in pure titanium (about 40%). However, with increasing temperature of pre-annealing, the portion of ω-phase decreased (60–65% at 500 °C and about 5% at 600 °C). The microhardness of all investigated samples increased with increasing temperature of pre-annealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris B Straumal
- Institute of Solid State Physics and Chernogolovka Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», Moscow 119049, Russia.
| | - Anna Korneva
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Askar R Kilmametov
- Institute of Solid State Physics and Chernogolovka Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Nanotechnology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | | | - Alena S Gornakova
- Institute of Solid State Physics and Chernogolovka Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
| | - Robert Chulist
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mikhail I Karpov
- Institute of Solid State Physics and Chernogolovka Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
| | - Paweł Zięba
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu X, Chen S, Tsoi JKH, Matinlinna JP. Binary titanium alloys as dental implant materials-a review. Regen Biomater 2017; 4:315-323. [PMID: 29026646 PMCID: PMC5633690 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) has been used for long in dentistry and medicine for implant purpose. During the years, not only the commercially pure Ti but also some alloys such as binary and tertiary Ti alloys were used. The aim of this review is to describe and compare the current literature on binary Ti alloys, including Ti–Zr, Ti–In, Ti–Ag, Ti–Cu, Ti–Au, Ti–Pd, Ti–Nb, Ti–Mn, Ti–Mo, Ti–Cr, Ti–Co, Ti–Sn, Ti–Ge and Ti–Ga, in particular to mechanical, chemical and biological parameters related to implant application. Literature was searched using the PubMed and Web of Science databases, as well as google without limiting the year, but with principle key terms such as ‘ Ti alloy’, ‘binary Ti ’, ‘Ti-X’ (with X is the alloy element), ‘dental implant’ and ‘medical implant’. Only laboratory studies that intentionally for implant or biomedical applications were included. According to available literatures, we might conclude that most of the binary Ti alloys with alloying <20% elements of Zr, In, Ag, Cu, Au, Pd, Nb, Mn, Cr, Mo, Sn and Co have high potential as implant materials, due to good mechanical performance without compromising the biocompatibility and biological behaviour compare to cp-Ti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Shuyang Chen
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - James K H Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jukka Pekka Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of Indium Content on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Titanium Alloys. METALS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/met5020850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Faria AC, Rodrigues RC, Rosa AL, Ribeiro RF. Experimental titanium alloys for dental applications. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112:1448-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|