1
|
Cheng K, Yang W, Zhang YH, She Z. Assessing perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking help in China: psychometric characteristics and measurement invariance across gender and therapy experience. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1391239. [PMID: 38873501 PMCID: PMC11169816 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1391239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The stigma of social networks may be more noticeable in collectivist societies like China, but research in this area has largely been overlooked due to a lack of reliable measurement. To address this gap, this study tested the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Perceptions of Stigmatization by Others for Seeking Help (PSOSH) scale in the Chinese general population, and tested its invariance across gender and prior therapy experience. In a national online survey, 640 adults completed the PSOSH and conceptually related scales: Self-stigma of Seeking Help (SSOSH), Stigma of Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (SSPPH, i.e., public stigma) and Attitudes toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional structure of the original PSOSH. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.84 and the 3-week test-retest reliability of was 0.77. The PSOSH showed moderate correlations with the three conceptually related scales, supporting its concurrent validity. Importantly, the PSOSH significantly predicted self-stigma scores, even when considering demographic variables and public stigma, supporting its incremental validity. The scale also demonstrated scalar invariance across gender and across subgroups who had vs. did not have previous therapy experience, supporting comparisons of latent means across these groups. The PSOSH is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing social network stigmatization of professional help-seeking in Chinese community samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cheng
- School of Foreign Studies, Research Center for Social Psychology of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Wenxian Yang
- Center of Mental Health Education and Counseling, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuang She
- College of Education and Sports Sciences, Research Center for Social Psychology of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Predictors of Psychological Help Seeking Intentions among the University Students in Tanzania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-022-09500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
3
|
Individuals' Perceptions of Liver Cirrhosis. Gastroenterol Nurs 2022; 45:410-418. [DOI: 10.1097/sga.0000000000000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
|
4
|
Trusty WT, Swift JK, Higgins HJ. Stigma and Intentions to Seek Psychotherapy Among Primary Care Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mediational Analysis. Int J Behav Med 2022:10.1007/s12529-022-10119-0. [PMID: 35931933 PMCID: PMC9361963 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Medical personnel have reported increases in psychological distress and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, many providers, including primary care providers (PCPs), face significant stigma related to personal mental healthcare. However, the process by which stigma affects help-seeking among PCPs is unclear. Method Between January and May 2020, 112 PCPs completed a survey of perceived public stigma, self-stigma, attitudes, intentions to seek psychotherapy for depression, and a clinical vignette on patient referrals to psychotherapy. Results Self-stigma and attitudes toward psychotherapy sequentially mediated the relationship between perceived public stigma and intentions to seek psychotherapy. PCPs were more likely to refer a depressed patient to psychotherapy than seek personal psychotherapy, but lower personal help-seeking intentions were associated with lower referral intentions. Conclusion These results clarify processes by which stigma hinders PCPs’ psychotherapy use and highlight interventions to encourage their help-seeking. Addressing cultural and practical barriers in the medical field is needed to reduce stigma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson T Trusty
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, 921 S 8th Ave, Stop 8112, Pocatello, 83209, USA.
| | - Joshua K Swift
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, 921 S 8th Ave, Stop 8112, Pocatello, 83209, USA
| | - Heidi J Higgins
- Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, 921 S 8th Ave, Stop 8112, Pocatello, 83209, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kaya C. Factors impacting depression severity among Turkish college students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
6
|
Aruta JJBR, Maria A, Mascarenhas J. Self-compassion promotes mental help-seeking in older, not in younger, counselors. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 35400980 PMCID: PMC8976458 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
While self-compassion and mental help-seeking are two important aspects emphasized in mental health literature and counseling practice, very little research has focused on how these two are associated particularly among counseling professionals-individuals providing mental health support to others but whose mental health are often overlooked. This cross-sectional study investigated a moderated mediation model examining the role of age and attitudes in the positive influence of self-compassion on mental help-seeking intention. Using a paper-and-pencil survey, data were collected from a total of 158 Filipino counseling professionals. Results revealed that mental help-seeking attitudes significantly and partially mediated the positive association between self-compassion and mental help-seeking intention. Additionally, age significantly moderated the positive relationship between self-compassion and mental help-seeking attitudes. The significant positive influence of self-compassion on mental help-seeking attitudes was strong among older participants, weak among middle-age, and diminished among younger participants. The findings provided insights on the importance of a self-compassion-based approach to counselor training. The implications of preserving counselors' mental health in counseling practice were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Alphonse Maria
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Surapaneni S, Larson-Konar DM, Larson LM, Wei M. Differential Effects of Parental and Self-Stigma on Intentions to Seek Counseling. COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00110000221075332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Using hierarchical regression, the authors investigated the hypotheses that parental and self-stigma would differentially and negatively predict intentions to seek counseling for White American (n = 318), Asian American (n = 153), and Asian international students. (n = 312). The online study was cross-sectional. Parental stigma positively predicted intentions to seek counseling among Asian international students. The magnitude of this association was significantly greater than it was among White and Asian American students. As expected, self-stigma negatively predicted intentions to seek counseling among White and Asian American students. The magnitude of this association was significantly greater for White American students than it was for Asian international students, for whom self-stigma was not a significant predictor of intentions to seek counseling. This research suggests that the processes through which (a) stigma is felt and (b) stigma impacts psychological help seeking may be associated with one’s ethnicity and culture of origin.
Collapse
|
8
|
Eren HK, Gürhan N. Determination of the relationship between the beliefs of nursing students toward mental illnesses and their empathic tendency levels. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1034-1040. [PMID: 33103786 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the beliefs and empathic tendency levels of nursing students toward mental illnesses and to examine the relationship between them. DESIGN AND METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted with 335 nursing students. The data collection tools were the Personal Information Form, Beliefs Toward Mental Illnesses Scale, and the Empathic Tendency Scale. FINDINGS Nursing students have positive beliefs about mental illness. It was found that female students, and students who received information about mental health had higher levels of empathic tendency. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It was found that the level of empathic tendency does not affect attitudes toward mental illnesses. In nursing education curriculum, it is recommended to plan psychosocial practices to improve their attitudes toward mental illnesses and to reduce stigmatization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Kök Eren
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Nermin Gürhan
- Department of Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Larrahondo BF, Valencia JG, Martínez-Villalba AMR, Ospina JPZ, Aguirre-Acevedo DC. Validation of the Self Stigma of Seeking Help (SSOSH) scale in a population of Colombian medical students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 50:82-91. [PMID: 34099257 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Validate the Self Stigma Of Seeking Help (SSOSH) scale in a population of students of a medical school for its use in Colombia. METHODS We included 384 medical students from the city of Medellín. Initially, two direct translations were made, two back translation and one pilot test. The internal consistency, test-retest repeatability and structural, convergent, divergent and discriminative construct validity were then evaluated. RESULTS A easy-to-understand and to fill out Spanish version was obtained. The internal consistency of the scale was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = .80; 95%CI, .77-.83) as well as the test-retest repeatability (CCI = .77; 95%CI, .63-.86). The Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a good fit with the one-dimensional structure (RMSEA = .073; IC90%, .056-.089; CFI = .968; TLI = .977; WRMR = .844). The convergent validity was supported by the correlation with the Public Stigma scales (ρ = .39) and Attitudes towards Seeking Help (ρ = -0.50) and the divergent validity with the Social Desirability scale (ρ = -0,05). When examining the discriminative validity, differences were found between the scores of those who would be willing to seek professional help when having a mental health problem and those who probably would not (Difference of means = 4.9; 95%CI, 2.99-6.83). CONCLUSIONS The Colombian version of the SSOSH is valid, reliable and useful for the measurement of the Self-stigma associated with seeking professional help in the university population of the Colombian health sector. Its psychometric properties must be investigated in populations of other programs and outside universities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brayan F Larrahondo
- Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Jenny García Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Daniel C Aguirre-Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Larrahondo BF, García Valencia J, Rangel Martínez-Villalba AM, Zapata Ospina JP, Aguirre-Acevedo DC. Validation of the Self Stigma of Seeking Help (SSOSH) Scale in a Population of Colombian Medical Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 50:82-91. [PMID: 33735041 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Validate the Self Stigma Of Seeking Help (SSOSH) scale in a population of students of a medical school for its use in Colombia. METHODS We included 384 medical students from the city of Medellín. Initially, two direct translations were made, two back translation and one pilot test. The internal consistency, test-retest repeatability and structural, convergent, divergent and discriminative construct validity were then evaluated. RESULTS A easy-to-understand and to fill out Spanish version was obtained. The internal consistency of the scale was adequate (Cronbach's alpha=.80; 95%CI, .77-.83) as well as the test-retest repeatability (CCI=.77; 95%CI, .63-.86). The Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a good fit with the one-dimensional structure (RMSEA=.073; IC90%, .056-.089; CFI=.968; TLI=.977; WRMR=.844). The convergent validity was supported by the correlation with the Public Stigma scales (ρ=.39) and Attitudes towards Seeking Help (ρ= -0.50) and the divergent validity with the Social Desirability scale (ρ=-0,05). When examining the discriminative validity, differences were found between the scores of those who would be willing to seek professional help when having a mental health problem and those who probably would not (Difference of means=4.9; 95%CI, 2.99-6.83). CONCLUSIONS The Colombian version of the SSOSH is valid, reliable and useful for the measurement of the Self-stigma associated with seeking professional help in the university population of the Colombian health sector. Its psychometric properties must be investigated in populations of other programs and outside universities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brayan F Larrahondo
- Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Jenny García Valencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | - Daniel C Aguirre-Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bird MD, Chow GM, Yang Y. College students' attitudes, stigma, and intentions toward seeking online and face-to-face counseling. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:1775-1790. [PMID: 32271953 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate differences in public stigma, self-stigma, attitudes (value and discomfort), and intentions to seek help between online and face-to-face counseling. To identify a difference in the relationship between these variables and both counseling modalities. METHOD An online survey completed by 538 college students from one university in the Southeastern United States. The sample included 412 females and 126 males with a mean age of 20.21 years (standard deviation [SD] = 1.26). RESULTS Significantly higher levels of self-stigma and discomfort toward online counseling were reported. Significantly higher value and intentions were reported toward face-to-face counseling. Self-stigma was positively related to public stigma, value was negatively related to self-stigma, and intentions toward seeking help was positively related to value. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest face-to-face counseling is seen as a more favorable method of service delivery compared to online counseling. Value toward online counseling is an important predictor for seeking this type of help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Bird
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.,School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Graig M Chow
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Yanyun Yang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Relationships Among Self-Compassion, Stigma, and Attitudes Toward Counseling in Student-Athletes. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1123/jcsp.2018-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although factors involved with help-seeking have been widely studied in the general college population, college student-athletes have received less attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating role of self-compassion on the relationship between public and self-stigma, and how self-stigma was associated with attitudes toward seeking counseling. A sample of 243 student-athletes from NCAA Divisions I and III participated in the study. Using structural equation modeling, self-compassion was not found to moderate the relationship between public and self-stigma. However, public stigma was positively associated with self-stigma, and self-stigma was negatively associated with attitudes toward counseling. A multigroup analysis did not find differences between males and females for the model. The results of this study have implications for professionals who work with college student-athletes and suggest that efforts should aim to reduce stigma and examine alternative factors that might improve attitudes toward mental health help-seeking.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaya C, Umucu E, Rumrill P, Chan F, Muller V, Bezyak J, Iwanaga K. Psychometric Validation of a Turkish Version of the Inventory of Common Problems: a Tool for Turkish College Counselors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-018-9360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|