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Yu JB, Lee DS, Padanilam BJ, Kim J. Repeated Administration of Cisplatin Transforms Kidney Fibroblasts through G2/M Arrest and Cellular Senescence. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213472. [PMID: 36359868 PMCID: PMC9655665 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic used for the treatment of many types of cancer, but it has nephrotoxic side effects leading to acute kidney injury and subsequently chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous work has focused on acute kidney tubular injury induced by cisplatin, whereas the chronic sequelae post-injury has not been well-explored. In the present study, we established a kidney fibroblast model of CKD induced by repeated administration of cisplatin (RAC) as a clinically relevant model. In NRK-49F rat kidney fibroblasts, RAC upregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin proteins, suggesting that RAC induces kidney fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation. RAC also enhanced cell size, including the cell attachment surface area, nuclear area, and cell volume. Furthermore, RAC induced p21 expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, suggesting that kidney fibroblasts exposed to RAC develop a senescent phenotype. Inhibition of p21 reduced cellular senescence, hypertrophy, and myofibroblast transformation induced by RAC. Intriguingly, after RAC, kidney fibroblasts were arrested at the G2/M phase. Repeated treatment with paclitaxel as an inducer of G2/M arrest upregulated p21, α-SMA, and fibronectin in the kidney fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that RAC transforms kidney fibroblasts into myofibroblasts through G2/M arrest and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Yu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Dong-Sun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Jeju Microbiome Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Babu J. Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (B.J.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Jinu Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.J.P.); (J.K.)
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Large-Scale Profiling of Signaling Pathways Reveals a Distinct Demarcation between Normal and Extended Liver Resection. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051149. [PMID: 32392745 PMCID: PMC7290735 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous studies addressing normal liver regeneration, we still lack comprehensive understanding of the biological processes underlying failed liver regeneration. Therefore, we analyzed the activity of 271 intracellular signaling pathways (ISPs) by genome wide profiling of differentially expressed RNAs in murine liver tissue biopsies after normal hepatectomy (nHx; 68% of liver removed) and extended hepatectomy (eHx; 86% of liver removed). Comprehensive, genome-wide transcriptome profiling using RNAseq was performed in liver tissue obtained from mice (sham, nHx, and eHx) harvested 1, 8, 16, 32, and 48 h after operation (n = 3 per group) and the OncoFinder toolkit was used for an unsupervised, unbiased identification of intracellular signaling pathways (ISP) activity. We observed that the normal regenerative process requires a transient activation and silencing of approximately two dozen of ISPs. After nHx, the Akt Pathway represented with 13 branches, the Chromatin Pathway and the DDR Pathways dominated. After eHx, the ATM main pathway and two of its branches (Cell Survival; G2_M Checkpoint Arrest) dominated, as well as the Hypoxia Pathways. Further, 14 ISPs demonstrated a strong inverse regulation, with the Hedgehog and the Brca1 Main Pathways as chief activators after nHx, and the ATM Pathway(G2_M Checkpoint Arrest) as the dominating constraining response after eHx.
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Ilha M, Moraes KDS, Rohden F, Martins LAM, Borojevic R, Lenz G, Barbé‐Tuana F, Guma FCR. Exogenous expression of caveolin‐1 is sufficient for hepatic stellate cell activation. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19031-19043. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ilha
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Ketlen da Silveira Moraes
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Francieli Rohden
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Leo Anderson Meira Martins
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Radovan Borojevic
- Centro de Medicina RegenerativaFaculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis – FMPPetrópolis RJ Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica e Centro de BiotecnologiaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul ‐ UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Florencia Barbé‐Tuana
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Celular e MolecularEscola de Ciências da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul‐ PUCRSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Fátima Costa Rodrigues Guma
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências Biológicas‐ Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
- Centro de Microscopia e MicroanáliseUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul ‐ UFRGSPorto Alegre RS Brazil
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George J, Tsuchishima M, Tsutsumi M. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of N-nitrosodimethylamine induced hepatic fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:18. [PMID: 30622238 PMCID: PMC6325159 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is marked by excessive synthesis and deposition of connective tissue proteins, especially interstitial collagens in the extracellular matrix of the liver. It is a result of an abnormal wound healing in response to chronic liver injury from various causes such as ethanol, viruses, toxins, drugs, or cholestasis. The chronic stimuli involved in the initiation of fibrosis leads to oxidative stress and generation of reactive oxygen species that serve as mediators of molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. These processes lead to cellular injury and initiate inflammatory responses releasing a variety of cytokines and growth factors that trigger activation and transformation of resting hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblast like cells, which in turn start excessive synthesis of connective tissue proteins, especially collagens. Uncontrolled and extensive fibrosis results in distortion of lobular architecture of the liver leading to nodular formation and cirrhosis. The perpetual injury and regeneration process could also results in genomic aberrations and mutations that lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. This review covers most aspects of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis with special emphasize on N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA; Dimethylnitorsmaine, DMN) as the inducing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph George
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Mutsumi Tsuchishima
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
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Xia JR, Chen TT, Li WD, Lu FL, Liu J, Cai XG, Lu Q, Yang CP. Inhibitory effect of receptor for advanced glycation end product‑specific small interfering RNAs on the development of hepatic fibrosis in primary rat hepatic stellate cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:569-74. [PMID: 25673150 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) inhibit the expression of RAGE, α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen in the T6 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), indicating that RAGE is important for the activation of HSCs and the expression of collagen. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of specific siRNAs targeting RAGE on the development of hepatic fibrosis (HF), using primary rat HSCs, which were isolated and cultured in vitro. The expression vectors for specific siRNAs targeting RAGE were constructed and transfected into primary rat HSCs. Untreated and nonspecific siRNA-transfected primary rat HSCs served as controls. The expression levels of RAGE, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), laminin (LN), hyaluronic acid (HA) and N-terminal procollagen III propeptide (PIIINP) in primary HSCs were detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The mRNA and 42 kD protein expression of RAGE in the pAKD-GR126-transfected primary HSCs were significantly downregulated compared with those in the untreated and the pAKD-negative control (NC)-transfected controls. The mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, CTGF, LN, HA and PIIINP in the pAKD-GR126-transfected primary HSCs were also markedly downregulated compared with those in the untreated and pAKD-NC-transfected controls. Therefore, RAGE-specific siRNAs inhibited the expression of RAGE in primary rat HSCs and inhibited the development of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Rong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256610, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Lin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Gang Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Ping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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Cytotoxic effect of amphotericin B in a myofibroblast cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2013; 27:2105-9. [PMID: 23988732 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigate whether Amphotericin B (AmB), a widely used antifungal agent, could decrease the proliferation of a myofibroblast cell line - GRX, a model of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Three different hepatic cell lines (GRX, Hep G2 and ARL-6) were treated with two concentrations of AmB (1.25 μg/mL or 2.50 μg/mL). Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay. The effects of AmB on GRX migration was evaluated by Wound-healing Assay. Cell cycle arrest was investigated by flow cytometry. Apoptosis and autophagy were analyzed by Caspase 3 and LC3 immunostaining, respectively. Treatment with AmB 1.25 or 2.50 μg/mL showed a decrease in viability of GRX cells. This decrease was not observed for Hep G2 or ARL-6 in any of the two AmB concentrations tested. GRX cells treated with 1.25 μg/mL AmB were unable to close the wound after 96 h. Cell cycle analysis showed an increase in sub-G1 population and a decrease in G2/M population in AmB-treated cells. In addition, AmB-treated GRX cells showed increased expression of LC-3 and Caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry, suggesting an increase in both autophagy and apoptosis. Here we show that AmB is cytotoxic for GRX cells, a model of activated HSC, but not for hepatic lineages HepG2 and ARL6.
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Ortiz A, Ucero AC, Egido J. Unravelling fibrosis: two newcomers and an old foe. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 25:3492-5. [PMID: 20833689 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ortiz
- Dpto de Nefrología Experimental y Patología Vascular, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av/ Reyes Católicos, Madrid, Spain
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Soliman EM, Rodrigues MA, Gomes DA, Sheung N, Yu J, Amaya MJ, Nathanson MH, Dranoff JA. Intracellular calcium signals regulate growth of hepatic stellate cells via specific effects on cell cycle progression. Cell Calcium 2009; 45:284-92. [PMID: 19131107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are important mediators of liver fibrosis. Hormones linked to downstream intracellular Ca(2+) signals upregulate HSC proliferation, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. Nuclear and cytosolic Ca(2+) signals may have distinct effects on cell proliferation, so we expressed plasmid and adenoviral constructs containing the Ca(2+) chelator parvalbumin (PV) linked to either a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) or a nuclear export sequence (NES) to block Ca(2+) signals in distinct compartments within LX-2 immortalized human HSC and primary rat HSC. PV-NLS and PV-NES constructs each targeted to the appropriate intracellular compartment and blocked Ca(2+) signals only within that compartment. PV-NLS and PV-NES constructs inhibited HSC growth. Furthermore, blockade of nuclear or cytosolic Ca(2+) signals arrested growth at the G2/mitosis (G2/M) cell-cycle interface and prevented the onset of mitosis. Blockade of nuclear or cytosolic Ca(2+) signals downregulated phosphorylation of the G2/M checkpoint phosphatase Cdc25C. Inhibition of calmodulin kinase II (CaMK II) had identical effects on LX-2 growth and Cdc25C phosphorylation. We propose that nuclear and cytosolic Ca(2+) are critical signals that regulate HSC growth at the G2/M checkpoint via CaMK II-mediated regulation of Cdc25C phosphorylation. These data provide a new logical target for pharmacological therapy directed against progression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwy M Soliman
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases and Yale Liver Center, 333 Cedar St. LMP 1080, New Haven, CT 06515, USA
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Souza IC, Martins LAM, Coelho BP, Grivicich I, Guaragna RM, Gottfried C, Borojevic R, Guma FCR. Resveratrol inhibits cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest in activated hepatic stellate cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2008; 315:1-7. [PMID: 18454344 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) exerts anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic actions in different cell lines. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are major fibrogenic cell types that contribute to collagen accumulation during chronic liver disease. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of RSV on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were evaluated in the mouse hepatic stellate cell line GRX. Cells treated with 1 nM-1 muM of RSV demonstrated a decrease in cell growth of about 35% after 5 days. GRX cells, treated with RSV (100 nM or 1 muM), were analyzed by flow cytometry; RSV induced an increase in the number of GRX cells in the S- and sub-G1 phases. The increase in sub-G1 phase cells and the nuclear condensation and fragmentation shown by DAPI staining identified a possible pro-apoptotic effect of RSV on GRX cells. Furthermore, the RSV anti-proliferative effects could be explained by an S-phase accumulation caused by a decrease in the progression through the cell cycle or an inhibition of S or G2 phase transition. It is notable that these RSV actions are mediated at nanomolar levels, compatible with the concentrations of free RSV in biological fluids after ingestion of polyphenol-rich foods, suggesting a possible effect of these foods as an adjuvant treatment in chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabel C Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Guimarães ELM, Franceschi MFS, Grivicich I, Dal-Pizzol F, Moreira JCF, Guaragna RM, Borojevic R, Margis R, Guma FCR. Relationship between oxidative stress levels and activation state on a hepatic stellate cell line. Liver Int 2006; 26:477-85. [PMID: 16629652 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2006.01245.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Oxidative stress plays an important role in liver fibrosis. Under pathological conditions, hepatic stellate cells (HSC) undergo an activation process, developing a myofibroblast-like phenotype from the lipocyte phenotype. In this study, we determined the levels of oxidative stress and proliferation in different activation states of an experimental model of mouse HSC, the GRX cell line. These cells can be induced in vitro to display a more activated state or a quiescent phenotype. METHODS/RESULTS We observed increased oxidative damage and higher levels of reactive oxygen species, measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive species and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, respectively, and diminished catalase activity in activated cells. Activation decreased proliferation and increased the number of cells in G2/M. Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and Trolox varied in their capacity to correct the oxidative stress and proliferation status. CONCLUSIONS The differences in physiological functions of stellate cell phenotypes suggest a relationship between oxidative stress levels and activation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L M Guimarães
- Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, UFRGS. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Valverde D, Quintero MR, Candiota AP, Badiella L, Cabañas ME, Arús C. Analysis of the changes in the 1H NMR spectral pattern of perchloric acid extracts of C6 cells with growth. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2006; 19:223-30. [PMID: 16485320 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to identify spectral markers of cell proliferation that could be of use in clinical MRS. Cultured C6 ATCC rat glioma cells were used as models for this purpose and metabolites were extracted with perchloric acid at three different growth curve stages: log, confluence and post-confluence. 1D and 2D in vitro(1)H NMR spectra were recorded at 9.4 T. Statistically significant changes in myo-inositol and glutamine concentrations between log phase and post-confluence were found when normalized to the creatine ratio. The myo-inositol/creatine ratio was 2.76 +/- 0.82 at log phase increasing to 7.43 +/- 1.34 at post-confluence, while the glutamine/creatine ratio decreased from 0.22 +/- 0.03 to 0.10 +/- 0.02. No significant differences were recorded for other metabolites investigated. The fact that both myo-inositol and glutamine are detectable by in vivo MRS at clinical fields makes their changes relevant as potential astrocytic tumour proliferation rate markers in clinical MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Valverde
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Taguchi S, Masumoto K, Yamanouchi T, Suita S. Decrease in hepatic circulation induces hepatic fibrosis in a neonatal piglet model with short bowel syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 2005; 40:1592-7. [PMID: 16226990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regarding the complications associated with short bowel syndrome (SBS), progressive liver failure is one of the most severe complications known to occur: Although several studies have suggested that many factors interactively influence this clinical condition we investigated the relationship between hepatic circulation and hepatic fibrosis using a neonatal piglet SBS model. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used the following 4 groups of neonatal piglets: a group with an 80% resection of the small bowel (SBS group), a group with a bypass operation of the small bowel (functional SBS group), a group with only a laparotomy as a sham operation (sham group), and a no operative treatment group (control group). We measured the hepatic circulation just before and after the reconstruction of the intestine, as well as on the 7th and 14th postoperative day. In addition, both blood and hepatic tissue samples were collected to investigate them both biochemically and morphologically. RESULTS Regarding the biochemical liver function and the tissue blood flow of liver, there were no significant differences among all groups on any investigated days. However, on both the 7th and 14th postoperative days, the portal venous flow in the SBS group was significantly lower than that in other groups. According to a histological analysis, only hepatic samples on the 14th postoperative day showed mild hepatic fibrosis in the SBS group. Regarding the alpha-smooth muscle actin staining findings that expresses active stellate cells, numerous positive cells were found to be distributed in the perisinusoidal space on the 14th postoperative day in the SBS group. CONCLUSION Based on our data, a decrease in the hepatic circulation, especially in the portal venous flow, after a massive resection of the intestine may cause progressive liver dysfunction because of the activation of hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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