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Bektas C, Mao Y. Hydrogel Microparticles for Bone Regeneration. Gels 2023; 10:28. [PMID: 38247752 PMCID: PMC10815488 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) stand out as promising entities in the realm of bone tissue regeneration, primarily due to their versatile capabilities in delivering cells and bioactive molecules/drugs. Their significance is underscored by distinct attributes such as injectability, biodegradability, high porosity, and mechanical tunability. These characteristics play a pivotal role in fostering vasculature formation, facilitating mineral deposition, and contributing to the overall regeneration of bone tissue. Fabricated through diverse techniques (batch emulsion, microfluidics, lithography, and electrohydrodynamic spraying), HMPs exhibit multifunctionality, serving as vehicles for drug and cell delivery, providing structural scaffolding, and functioning as bioinks for advanced 3D-printing applications. Distinguishing themselves from other scaffolds like bulk hydrogels, cryogels, foams, meshes, and fibers, HMPs provide a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, promoting improved interactions with the surrounding tissues and facilitating the efficient delivery of cells and bioactive molecules. Notably, their minimally invasive injectability and modular properties, offering various designs and configurations, contribute to their attractiveness for biomedical applications. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the progressive advancements in HMPs, specifically for bone regeneration. The exploration encompasses synthesis and functionalization techniques, providing an understanding of their diverse applications, as documented in the existing literature. The overarching goal is to shed light on the advantages and potential of HMPs within the field of engineering bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Mao
- Laboratory for Biomaterials Research, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 145 Bevier Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
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Kouchakian MR, Baghban N, Moniri SF, Baghban M, Bakhshalizadeh S, Najafzadeh V, Safaei Z, Izanlou S, Khoradmehr A, Nabipour I, Shirazi R, Tamadon A. The Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:1634782. [PMID: 34745268 PMCID: PMC8566082 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1634782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of adult stem cells, which are multipotent and possess the ability to differentiate/transdifferentiate into mesodermal and nonmesodermal cell lineages. MSCs display broad immunomodulatory properties since they are capable of secreting growth factors and chemotactic cytokines. Safety, accessibility, and isolation from patients without ethical concern make MSCs valuable sources for cell therapy approaches in autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. Many studies have been conducted on the application of MSCs as a new therapy, but it seems that a low percentage of them is related to clinical trials, especially completed clinical trials. Considering the importance of clinical trials to develop this type of therapy as a new treatment, the current paper is aimed at describing characteristics of MSCs and reviewing relevant clinical studies registered on the NIH database during 2016-2020 to discuss recent advances on MSC-based therapeutic approaches being used in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kouchakian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Farzaneh Moniri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Baghban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vahid Najafzadeh
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Anatomy & Biochemistry Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zahra Safaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Amir Al Mo'menin Hospital, Amir Al Mo'menin IVF Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Safoura Izanlou
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Bougioukli S, Vakhshori V, Ortega B, Sugiyama O, Lieberman J. Regulated ex vivo regional gene therapy for bone repair using an inducible caspase-9 suicide gene system. Gene Ther 2019; 26:230-239. [PMID: 30962534 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to adapt ex vivo regional gene therapy for clinical applications in orthopaedic surgery, safety issues must be considered. In this study we developed a suicide approach using a dual gene expression two step transcriptional amplification lentiviral vector (LV-TSTA) encoding BMP-2 and an inducible caspase 9 (iC9) system that selectively induces apoptosis upon activation with a chemical inducer of dimerization (CID). Transduction of rat bone marrow stromal cells (RBMSCs) with LV-TSTA-iC9/BMP-2 led to abundant BMP-2 production (90.3 ± 7.9 ng/24 h/106 cells) in vitro and stimulated bone formation in a mouse muscle pouch in the absence of CID. Moreover it was shown that CID could be used to selectively induce apoptosis in iC9-transduced cells both in vitro and in vivo. Double exposure to serial dilutions of CID decreased in vitro production of BMP-2 by 85-87% and Luc activity by 97-99% in iC9/BMP-2 or iC9/Luc-transduced cells respectively. Early administration of CID (Days 0-1 post-op) in mice implanted with iC9/BMP-2-transduced RBMSCs was effective in blocking bone formation, indicating that CID was toxic to the transduced cells. In iC9/Luc-implanted mice, late administration of two doses of CID (Days 27-28 post-op) significantly reduced the luciferase signal. The current study provides proof of concept for the potential clinical application of regulated gene therapy to promote bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Bougioukli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Venus Vakhshori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brandon Ortega
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Osamu Sugiyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jay Lieberman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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