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Michetti F, Clementi ME, Di Liddo R, Valeriani F, Ria F, Rende M, Di Sante G, Romano Spica V. The S100B Protein: A Multifaceted Pathogenic Factor More Than a Biomarker. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119605. [PMID: 37298554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
S100B is a calcium-binding protein mainly concentrated in astrocytes in the nervous system. Its levels in biological fluids are recognized as a reliable biomarker of active neural distress, and more recently, mounting evidence points to S100B as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern molecule, which, at high concentration, triggers tissue reactions to damage. S100B levels and/or distribution in the nervous tissue of patients and/or experimental models of different neural disorders, for which the protein is used as a biomarker, are directly related to the progress of the disease. In addition, in experimental models of diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, traumatic and vascular acute neural injury, epilepsy, and inflammatory bowel disease, alteration of S100B levels correlates with the occurrence of clinical and/or toxic parameters. In general, overexpression/administration of S100B worsens the clinical presentation, whereas deletion/inactivation of the protein contributes to the amelioration of the symptoms. Thus, the S100B protein may be proposed as a common pathogenic factor in different disorders, sharing different symptoms and etiologies but appearing to share some common pathogenic processes reasonably attributable to neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Michetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, LUM University, 70010 Casamassima, Italy
- Genes, Via Venti Settembre 118, 00187 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Di Liddo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Valeriani
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Romano Spica
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biotechnologies, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135 Rome, Italy
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Zhu T, Chen H, He C, Liu X. Transcription Factor HEY1 Improves Brain Vascular Endothelial Cell Function and Alleviates Ischemic Stroke by Upregulating NOTCH3. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1442-1458. [PMID: 35316462 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the function of hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 (HEY1) and Notch receptor 3 (NOTCH3) in ischemic stroke. Stroke models were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in rats and rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), respectively. Neurological deficit evaluation and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were used to assess cerebral injury. The expression of HEY1 and NOTCH3 was manipulated using gain and loss of function approaches. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and Western blotting analysis of cleaved caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2) were used to evaluate apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18. The proliferation and migration of BMVECs were analyzed by Ki-67 immunofluorescence and scratch assay, respectively. Tube formation assay was conducted to measure the length of capillary-like tubes formed by BMVECs. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to testify the relationship between HEY1 and NOTCH3. HEY1 and NOTCH3 were upregulated in MCAO and OGD models. HEY1 ameliorated ischemic injuries in MCAO rats. Knockdown of HEY1 or NOTCH3 promoted OGD-induced apoptosis and inflammation and inhibited proliferation and migration in BMVECs. NOTCH3 was a binding protein of HEY1. Overexpression of HEY1 offset the disease-promoting effect of NOTCH3 silencing. HEY1 suppresses apoptosis and inflammation and promotes proliferation and migration in BMVECs by upregulating NOTCH3, thereby ameliorating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihong He
- Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, 610015, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Gu Z, Li L, Li Q, Tan H, Zou Z, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Wei D, Liu C, Huang Q, Maegele M, Cai D, Huang M. Polydatin alleviates severe traumatic brain injury induced acute lung injury by inhibiting S100B mediated NETs formation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107699. [PMID: 34147911 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI)-induced acute lung injury (sTBI-ALI) is regarded as the most common complication of sTBI that is an independent predictor of poor outcomes in patients with sTBI and strongly increases sTBI mortality. Polydatin (PD) has been shown to have a potential therapeutic effect on sTBI-induced neurons injury and sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), therefore, it is reasonable to believe that PD has a protective effect on sTBI-ALI. Here, to clarify the PD protective effect following sTBI-ALI, a rat brain injury model of lateral fluid percussion was established to mimic sTBI. As a result, sTBI induced ALI, and caused an increasing of wet/dry weight ratio and lung vascular permeability, as well as sTBI promoted oxidative stress response in the lung; sTBI caused inflammatory cytokines release, such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1; and sTBI promoted NETs formation, mainly including an increasing expression of MPO, NE and CitH3. Simultaneously, sTBI induced a significant increase in the level of S100B; however, when inhibition of S100B, the expression of MPO, NE and CITH3 were significantly inhibited following sTBI. Inhibition of S100B also promoted lung vascular permeability recovery and alleviated oxidative stress response. Furthermore, PD treatmentreduced the pathological lung damage, promoted lung vascular permeability recovery, alleviated oxidative stress response and inflammatory cytokines release; more importantly, PD inhibited the expression of S100B, and NETs formation in the lung following sTBI. These results indicate that PD alleviates sTBI-ALI by inhibiting S100B mediated NETs formation. Thus, PD may be valuable in sTBI-ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Gu
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Li
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongping Tan
- Department of Epilepsy Center, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimin Zou
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyong Chen
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zichen Zhang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic , The First people's Hospital of Changde, Guangde Clinical Institute of Xiangya Medical College of South Central University, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Danian Wei
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengyong Liu
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marc Maegele
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Treatment Center For Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Cologne-Merheim Medical Center (CMMC), University Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Campus Cologne-Merheim, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopedics, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Mingguang Huang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedic Surgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
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Michetti F, Di Sante G, Clementi ME, Sampaolese B, Casalbore P, Volonté C, Romano Spica V, Parnigotto PP, Di Liddo R, Amadio S, Ria F. Growing role of S100B protein as a putative therapeutic target for neurological- and nonneurological-disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:446-458. [PMID: 33971224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
S100B is a calcium-binding protein mainly expressed by astrocytes, but also localized in other definite neural and extra-neural cell types. While its presence in biological fluids is widely recognized as a reliable biomarker of active injury, growing evidence now indicates that high levels of S100B are suggestive of pathogenic processes in different neural, but also extra-neural, disorders. Indeed, modulation of S100B levels correlates with the occurrence of clinical and/or toxic parameters in experimental models of diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, acute neural injury, inflammatory bowel disease, uveal and retinal disorders, obesity, diabetes and cancer, thus directly linking the levels of S100B to pathogenic mechanisms. In general, deletion/inactivation of the protein causes the improvement of the disease, whereas its over-expression/administration induces a worse clinical presentation. This scenario reasonably proposes S100B as a common therapeutic target for several different disorders, also offering new clues to individuate possible unexpected connections among these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Michetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1-8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" SCITEC-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" SCITEC-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Casalbore
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, IASI-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Volonté
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science, IASI-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Cellular Neurobiology Unit, Preclinical Neuroscience, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 65, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Romano Spica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Parnigotto
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling (T.E.S.) Onlus, Padua, Italy.
| | - Rosa Di Liddo
- Foundation for Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering and Signaling (T.E.S.) Onlus, Padua, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Italy.
| | - Susanna Amadio
- Cellular Neurobiology Unit, Preclinical Neuroscience, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 65, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1-8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Zhu Y, Yu J, Gong J, Shen J, Ye D, Cheng D, Xie Z, Zeng J, Xu K, Shen J, Zhou H, Weng Y, Pan J, Zhan R. PTP1B inhibitor alleviates deleterious microglial activation and neuronal injury after ischemic stroke by modulating the ER stress-autophagy axis via PERK signaling in microglia. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3405-3427. [PMID: 33495405 PMCID: PMC7906217 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) after ischemic stroke causes deleterious microglial activation. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) exacerbates neuroinflammation, yet the effect of the inhibition on microglial activation and cerebral IR injury is unknown. A cerebral IR rat model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. The PTP1B inhibitor, sc-222227, was administered intracerebroventricularly. Neurologic deficits, infarct volume, and brain water content were examined. An in vitro oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was established in primary microglia and BV-2 cells. Microglial activation/polarization, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were detected using western blot, immunohistology, ELISA, and real-time PCR. Protein interaction was assessed by a proximity ligation assay. The results showed a significant increase in microglial PTP1B expression after IR injury. Sc-222227 attenuated IR-induced microglial activation, ER stress, and autophagy and promoted M2 polarization. Upon OGD/R, sc-222227 mitigated microglial activation by inhibiting ER stress-dependent autophagy, the effect of which was abolished by PERK activation, and PERK inhibition attenuated microglial activation. The PTP1B-phosphorylated PERK protein interaction was significantly increased after OGD/R, but decreased upon sc-222227 treatment. Finally, sc-222227 mitigated neuronal damage and neurologic deficits after IR injury. Treatment targeting microglial PTP1B might be a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiangbiao Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dexin Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhikai Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianping Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kangli Xu
- Emergency Department Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Renya Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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Kamarudin SN, Iezhitsa I, Tripathy M, Alyautdin R, Ismail NM. Neuroprotective effect of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle-bound brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemia in rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhou Z, Ren X, Zhou W, Zheng L. Willed‑movement training reduces middle cerebral artery occlusion‑induced motor deficits and improves angiogenesis and survival of cerebral endothelial cells via upregulating hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3910-3916. [PMID: 31432135 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Willed movement facilitates neurological rehabilitation in patients with stroke. Focal ischaemia is the hallmark of patients after stroke, though the detailed molecular mechanism by which willed movement affects neurological rehabilitation after stroke is not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to dissect the key factors of the hypoxia signaling pathway responsible for the willed movement‑improved rehabilitation. Sprague‑Dawley rats undergoing right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery were randomly divided into four groups: MCAO alone, willed movement (WM), environmental modification (EM) and common rehabilitation (CR). The neurological behaviour score was assessed, and infarction areas were detected by TTC staining. In addition, angiogenesis‑associated genes (vascular epithelial growth factor, angiogenin‑1, matrix metalloproteinases‑2 and ‑9) and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‑1α expression was investigated in cells derived from MCAO, WM, EM and CR groups. Finally, the role of HIF‑1α using HIF‑1α knockdown in HUVECs under hypoxic conditions was evaluated. WM significantly improved neurological behaviour and rehabilitation by increasing the behaviour score and by decreasing the infarction area. In addition, CR, EM and WM raised the expression of angiogenesis‑associated genes and HIF‑1α, thereby promoting in vitro tube formation of primary endothelial cells. Knockdown of HIF‑1α in HUVECs restored the increased expression of angiogenesis‑associated genes to normal levels and inhibited in vitro tube formation of HUVECs. Willed movement most effectively improved the neurological rehabilitation of rats with focal ischaemia through upregulation of HIF‑1α. The present findings provide insight into willed movement‑facilitated rehabilitation and may help treat stroke‑triggered motor deficit and improve angiogenesis of cerebral endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First‑Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First‑Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First‑Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First‑Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410016, P.R. China
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Yuan X, Wang J, Wang D, Yang S, Yu N, Guo F. NSE, S100B and MMP9 Expression Following Reperfusion after Carotid Artery Stenting. Curr Neurovasc Res 2019; 16:129-134. [PMID: 30907315 DOI: 10.2174/1567202616666190321123515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
Previous studies have shown that the neuron-specific- enolase (NSE), S100B protein (S100B) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) are specific markers for studying cerebral injury. This study was aimed to demonstrate these biomarkers for their correlation with reperfusion after carotid artery stenting (CAS).
Methods:
In this study, a total of 44 patients who were diagnosed unilateral carotid artery stenosis by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and underwent CAS, were selected as the operation groups. The patients' blood samples were collected at three different time points: T1, prior to operation; T2, next morning after operation (24 hours); T3, three days after operation (72 hours); All of the patients with the operation received computed tomography perfusion (CTP) at T1 and T3. The second group of 12 patients, who were excluded for carotid artery stenosis by DSA, were assigned to be the control group; Blood samples of these patients were collected at T1. The concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in serum from patients of both groups were detected by ELISA.
Results:
All of the operations were implanted in stents successfully without complications. (1) After CAS, rCBF increased while rMTT and rTTP decreased. (2) The concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in the serum decreased gradually (T1>T2>T3). There was no significant difference between the control group and the operation group at T1 (P>0.05) on their concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in the serum. When compared among the operation groups, the concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in the serum at T1 and T3 showed significant difference (P < 0.05). (3) Correlation analysis among the operation groups indicated that NSE, S100B, MMP9 and rCBF were positively correlated before operation (r = 0.69, 0.58 and 0.72, respectively, P < 0.05), as well as after operation (r = 0.75, 0.65 and 0.60, respectively, P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
We concluded that the concentrations of NSE, S100B and MMP9 in serum decreased with the improvement of cerebral reperfusion after CAS. NSE, S100B and MMP9 can be used as laboratory biochemical markers to evaluate the improvement of reperfusion after CAS. The results very well complement the imaging methods, such as CTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yuan
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Duozi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Nengwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuqiang Guo
- Department of Neurology, School of Clinical Medical, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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