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Gleeson PJ, Benech N, Chemouny J, Metallinou E, Berthelot L, da Silva J, Bex-Coudrat J, Boedec E, Canesi F, Bounaix C, Morelle W, Moya-Nilges M, Kenny J, O'Mahony L, Saveanu L, Arnulf B, Sannier A, Daugas E, Vrtovsnik F, Lepage P, Sokol H, Monteiro RC. The gut microbiota posttranslationally modifies IgA1 in autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadl6149. [PMID: 38536935 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the disruption of self-tolerance in acquired autoimmunity remain unclear. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is an acquired autoimmune disease where deglycosylated IgA1 (IgA subclass 1) auto-antigens are recognized by IgG auto-antibodies, forming immune complexes that are deposited in the kidneys, leading to glomerulonephritis. In the intestinal microbiota of patients with IgA nephropathy, there was increased relative abundance of mucin-degrading bacteria, including Akkermansia muciniphila. IgA1 was deglycosylated by A. muciniphila both in vitro and in the intestinal lumen of mice. This generated neo-epitopes that were recognized by autoreactive IgG from the sera of patients with IgA nephropathy. Mice expressing human IgA1 and the human Fc α receptor I (α1KI-CD89tg) that underwent intestinal colonization by A. muciniphila developed an aggravated IgA nephropathy phenotype. After deglycosylation of IgA1 by A. muciniphila in the mouse gut lumen, IgA1 crossed the intestinal epithelium into the circulation by retrotranscytosis and became deposited in the glomeruli of mouse kidneys. Human α-defensins-a risk locus for IgA nephropathy-inhibited growth of A. muciniphila in vitro. A negative correlation observed between stool concentration of α-defensin 6 and quantity of A. muciniphila in the guts of control participants was lost in patients with IgA nephropathy. This study demonstrates that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to generation of auto-antigens in patients with IgA nephropathy and in a mouse model of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Gleeson
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337 Ireland
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - Nicolas Benech
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris 75012, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris 75012, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, CRCL, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Jonathan Chemouny
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Eleftheria Metallinou
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Jennifer da Silva
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Julie Bex-Coudrat
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Erwan Boedec
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Fanny Canesi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Carine Bounaix
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Willy Morelle
- Université Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Française, UMR 8576-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maryse Moya-Nilges
- Unité Technologie et Service Bioimagerie Ultrastructurale (UTechS UBI), Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - John Kenny
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996 Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, T12 YT20 Ireland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337 Ireland
| | - Loredana Saveanu
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Bertrand Arnulf
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Saint Louis, Service d'Immuno-Hématologie, Myosotis 4, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Sannier
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - François Vrtovsnik
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - Patricia Lepage
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris 75012, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris 75012, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Renato C Monteiro
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service d'Immunologie, 75018 Paris, France
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Oemcke LA, Anderson RC, Altermann E, Roy NC, McNabb WC. The Role of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in Immune Barrier Maturation of the Small Intestine at Weaning. Front Nutr 2021; 8:759137. [PMID: 34869529 PMCID: PMC8637878 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.759137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiological, physical, chemical, and immunological barriers of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) begin developing in utero and finish maturing postnatally. Maturation of these barriers is essential for the proper functioning of the GIT. Maturation, particularly of the immunological barrier, involves stimulation by bacteria. Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) which are anaerobic, spore-forming commensals have been linked to immune activation. The presence and changes in SFB abundance have been positively correlated to immune markers (cytokines and immunoglobulins) in the rat ileum and stool samples, pre- and post-weaning. The abundance of SFB in infant stool increases from 6 months, peaks around 12 months and plateaus 25 months post-weaning. Changes in SFB abundance at these times correlate positively and negatively with the production of interleukin 17 (IL 17) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), respectively, indicating involvement in immune function and maturation. Additionally, the peak in SFB abundance when a human milk diet was complemented by solid foods hints at a diet effect. SFB genome analysis revealed enzymes involved in metabolic pathways for survival, growth and development, host mucosal attachment and substrate acquisition. This narrative review discusses the current knowledge of SFB and their suggested effects on the small intestine immune system. Referencing the published genomes of rat and mouse SFB, the use of food substrates to modulate SFB abundance is proposed while considering their effects on other microbes. Changes in the immune response caused by the interaction of food substrate with SFB may provide insight into their role in infant immunological barrier maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Oemcke
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rachel C Anderson
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Eric Altermann
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Consumer Interface Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Warren C McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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Gesquiere LR, Habig B, Hansen C, Li A, Freid K, Learn NH, Alberts SC, Graham AL, Archie EA. Noninvasive measurement of mucosal immunity in a free-ranging baboon population. Am J Primatol 2020; 82:e23093. [PMID: 31930746 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ecoimmunological patterns and processes remain understudied in wild primates, in part because of the lack of noninvasive methods to measure immunity. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is the most abundant antibody present at mammalian mucosal surfaces and provides an important first line of defense against pathogens. Recent studies show that sIgA can be measured noninvasively in feces and is a good marker of mucosal immunity. Here we validated a commercial ELISA kit to measure fecal IgA in baboons, tested the robustness of its results to variation in collection and storage conditions, and developed a cost-effective in-house ELISA for baboon fecal IgA. Using data from the custom ELISA, we assessed the relationship between fecal IgA concentrations and gastrointestinal parasite burden, and tested how sex, age, and reproductive effort predict fecal IgA in wild baboons. We find that IgA concentrations can be measured in baboon feces using an in-house ELISA and are highly correlated to the values obtained with a commercial kit. Fecal IgA concentrations are stable when extracts are stored for up to 22 months at -20°C. Fecal IgA concentrations were negatively correlated with parasite egg counts (Trichuris trichiura), but not parasite richness. Fecal IgA did not vary between the sexes, but for males, concentrations were higher in adults versus adolescents. Lactating females had significantly lower fecal IgA than pregnant females, but neither pregnant nor lactating female concentrations differed significantly from cycling females. Males who engaged in more mate-guarding exhibited similar IgA concentrations to those who engaged in little mate-guarding. These patterns may reflect the low energetic costs of mucosal immunity, or the complex dependence of IgA excretion on individual condition. Adding a noninvasive measure of mucosal immunity will promote a better understanding of how ecology modulates possible tradeoffs between the immune system and other energetically costly processes in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bobby Habig
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Christina Hansen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Amanda Li
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Kimberly Freid
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Niki H Learn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Susan C Alberts
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrea L Graham
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Elizabeth A Archie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana.,Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
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Lau AS, Mitsuyama E, Odamaki T, Xiao JZ, Liong MT. El Niño Altered Gut Microbiota of Children: A New Insight on Weather–Gut Interactions and Protective Effects of Probiotic. J Med Food 2019; 22:230-240. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy S.Y. Lau
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Eri Mitsuyama
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Jin-Zhong Xiao
- Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Zama, Japan
| | - Min-Tze Liong
- Bioprocess Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Bagherpour G, Ghasemi H, Zand B, Zarei N, Roohvand F, Ardakani EM, Azizi M, Khalaj V. Oral Administration of Recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii Expressing Ovalbumin-CPE Fusion Protein Induces Antibody Response in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:723. [PMID: 29706942 PMCID: PMC5908956 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces boulardii, a subspecies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a well-known eukaryotic probiotic with many benefits for human health. In the present study, a recombinant strain of S. boulardii was prepared to use as a potential oral vaccine delivery vehicle. In this sense, a ura3 auxotroph strain of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 (known as S. cerevisiae HANSEN CBS 5926, Yomogi®) was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 methodology. Then a gene construct encoding a highly immunogenic protein, ovalbumin (OVA), was prepared and transformed into the ura3- S. boulardii. To facilitate the transport of the recombinant immunogen across the intestinal barrier, a claudin-targeting sequence from Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) was added to the C-terminus of the expression cassette. The recombinant S. boulardii strain expressing the OVA-CPE fusion protein was then administered orally to a group of mice, and serum IgG and fecal IgA levels were evaluated by ELISA. Our results demonstrated that anti-OVA IgG in serum significantly increased in test group (P < 0.001) compared to control groups (receiving wild type S. boulardii or PBS), and the fecal IgA titer was significantly higher in test group (P < 0.05) than control groups. In parallel, a recombinant S. boulardii strain expressing the similar construct lacking C-terminal CPE was also administered orally. The result showed an increased level of serum IgG in group receiving yeasts expressing the CPE negative construct compared to control groups; however, the fecal IgA levels did not increase significantly. In conclusion, our findings indicated that the yeast S. boulardii, as a delivery vehicle with possible immunomodulatory effects, and c-CPE, as a targeting tag, synergistically assist to stimulate systemic and local immunity. This proposed recombinant S. boulardii system might be useful in the expression of other antigenic peptides, making it as a promising tool for oral delivery of vaccines or therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Bagherpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosnie Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Zand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Zarei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Roohvand
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmat M Ardakani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Khalaj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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van de Ven AAJM, Janssen WJM, Schulz LS, van Loon AM, Voorkamp K, Sanders EAM, Kusters JG, Nierkens S, Boes M, Wensing AMJ, van Montfrans JM. Increased prevalence of gastrointestinal viruses and diminished secretory immunoglobulin a levels in antibody deficiencies. J Clin Immunol 2014; 34:962-70. [PMID: 25135597 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-014-0087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastrointestinal disease occurs frequently in antibody deficiencies. This study aims to explore the relation between gastrointestinal infections and mucosal homeostasis in patients with antibody deficiencies. METHODS We performed an observational study including 54 pediatric antibody deficient patients (48 % CVID, 41 % CVID-like, 11 % XLA) and 66 healthy controls. Clinical symptom scores and stool samples were collected prospectively. Stool samples were evaluated for bacteria, parasites, viruses, secretory IgA- and for calprotectin levels. Results were compared between patients and controls. RESULTS 24 % of antibody deficient patients versus 9 % of healthy controls tested positive for gastrointestinal viruses (p = 0.028). Fecal calprotectin levels were significantly higher in virus positive patients compared to virus negative patients (p = 0.002). However, in controls, fecal calprotectin levels were similar between virus positive and virus negative controls. Moreover, gastrointestinal virus positive patients had low serum IgA levels in 13/14 cases (94 %) versus 40/62 (62 %) patients in the virus negative patient group (p = 0.04). The virus positive patient group also displayed significantly lower secretory IgA levels in stool (median 13 ug/ml) than patients without gastrointestinal viruses detected or healthy controls (median 155 ug/ml) (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION We here report an increased prevalence of gastrointestinal viruses and gastrointestinal complaints in antibody deficient patients. Patients that tested positive for gastrointestinal viruses showed diminished serum- and secretory IgA levels, and only in patients, virus positivity was associated with signs of mucosal inflammation. These findings suggest that particularly patients with low IgA are at risk for longstanding replication of gastrointestinal viruses, which may eventually result in CVID-related enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A J M van de Ven
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases/Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Lundlaan 6, Post box 85090 KC.03.063.0, 3508 AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yin Y, Wang Y, Zhu L, Liu W, Liao N, Jiang M, Zhu B, Yu HD, Xiang C, Wang X. Comparative analysis of the distribution of segmented filamentous bacteria in humans, mice and chickens. ISME JOURNAL 2012; 7:615-21. [PMID: 23151642 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2012.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are indigenous gut commensal bacteria. They are commonly detected in the gastrointestinal tracts of both vertebrates and invertebrates. Despite the significant role they have in the modulation of the development of host immune systems, little information exists regarding the presence of SFB in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and diversity of SFB in humans and to determine their phylogenetic relationships with their hosts. Gut contents from 251 humans, 92 mice and 72 chickens were collected for bacterial genomic DNA extraction and subjected to SFB 16S rRNA-specific PCR detection. The results showed SFB colonization to be age-dependent in humans, with the majority of individuals colonized within the first 2 years of life, but this colonization disappeared by the age of 3 years. Results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that multiple operational taxonomic units of SFB could exist in the same individuals. Cross-species comparison among human, mouse and chicken samples demonstrated that each host possessed an exclusive predominant SFB sequence. In summary, our results showed that SFB display host specificity, and SFB colonization, which occurs early in human life, declines in an age-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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