AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue as a new biomarker for disease monitoring and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: Results of a retrospective study

Prognostic Value of Immunohistochemical Expression of MTAP and AKIP1 in IDH1 Mutant Astrocytoma

BACKGROUND

Definite treatment for glioma is not exist, and with increased drug resistance, more effort should be paid to identify new prognostic biomarkers and molecular targets for therapy for glioma patients.

AIM

The current study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of MTAP and A-Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) in astrocytoma and to investigate their association with the clinicopathological characters of these cases.

METHODS

Totally 66 cases of astrocytoma patients involved in this study. Cases underwent tumor resection and tissue sections were stained with MTAP, AKIP1 and IDH1 by IHC and evaluated in different grades of astrocytoma and their association with survival and response to therapy was investigated.

RESULTS

High AKIP1 expression was positively correlated with treatment resistance and progressive disease. Positive IDH and retained MTAP expressions had shown better treatment response rather than negative IDH and lost MTAP. High AKIP, negative IDH and loss of MTAP expressions were significantly associated with poor survival outcome.

CONCLUSION

Irrespective to grade and IDH status, the loss of MTAP immunoreactivity and high AKIP1 expression are predictive factors in astrocytoma, and they may be used as a biomarker for guiding astrocytoma management and prognosis surveillance.

Silencing of AKIP1 Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Process of Glioma Cells by Upregulating DLG2

Gliomas, the most prevalent brain tumors, account for nearly one-third of the all brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors diagnosed in the USA. The purpose of this study was to discuss the important role of A kinase-interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) in glioma and reveal the potential mechanism. After prediction by CCLE, the expression of AKIP1 was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. The impacts of AKIP1 knockdown on the proliferation, migration, and invasion were then measured by MTT, colony formation assay, wound healing, and transwell assays. Western blot was used to assess the protein levels of migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) related factors. Subsequently, the expression of Disks Large Homolog 2 (DLG2) was predicted by bioinformatics analyses, and the interaction between AKIP1 and DLG2 was confirmed by IP assay, qRT-PCR, and western blot. Finally, DLG2 was further downregulated in glioma cells to detect the association between AKIP1 and DLG2 in the cellular functions of glioma. It was demonstrated that AKIP1 exhibited a high level in glioma cells, and interference of AKIP1 led to reductions in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of glioma cells. DLG2, which was lowly expressed in glioma cells, demonstrated a negative link to AKIP2. Inhibition of both AKIP2 and DLG2 counteracted the inhibited cellular behaviors on account of AKIP1 interference. To be concluded, this study presented evidence that AKIP1 silencing suppressed the progression of glioma via targeting DLG2, which could provide novel insights to impede the development of glioma.

A-kinase interacting protein 1 as a potential biomarker of advanced tumor features and increased recurrence risk in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to detect the expression of A-kinase interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) and explore its correlation with clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients.

METHODS

A total of 245 PTC patients treated by lobectomy or thyroidectomy were analyzed in this retrospective study. AKIP1 expression in tumor and adjacent tissue (from Specimen Room of our hospital) was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) assay and then categorized as four grades: AKIP1 low (IHC score ≤3), high+ (IHC score 4-6), high++ (IHC score 7-9), and high+++ (IHC score 10-12).

RESULTS

A-kinase interacting protein 1 low, high+, high++, and high+++ expression was 101 (41.2%), 101 (41.2%), 32 (13.1%), and 11 (4.5%) in tumor tissues, while was 173 (70.6%), 61 (24.9%), 9 (3.7%), and 2 (0.8%) in adjacent tissues. Further comparison analysis showed increased grade of AKIP1 expression in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissue. Meanwhile, increased grade of tumor AKIP1 expression was correlated with larger tumor size, extrathyroidal invasion, increased pT stage, and higher pTNM stage. For prognosis, increased grade of tumor AKIP1 expression was correlated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS), while was not correlated with overall survival (OS). Forward stepwise multivariate Cox's regression revealed that higher tumor AKIP1 was an independent factor predicting worse DFS, but not OS.

CONCLUSION

AKIP1 is upregulated in tumor tissue, and increased tumor AKIP1 expression correlates with advanced tumor features and increased recurrence risk in PTC patients, which suggest that AKIP1 severs as a potential marker for effective supervision of PTC progression.

AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue as a new biomarker for disease monitoring and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: Results of a retrospective study

Background

A‐kinase–interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) has been reported as an oncogenetic factor in multiple cancers; however, no study has reported its role in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) yet. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of AKIP1, and its correlation with tumor characteristics as well as prognosis in patients with NSCLC.

Methods

Four hundred and ninety patients with NSCLC who underwent resection were reviewed, and baseline clinical data were collected. AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue/paired adjacent tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated.

Results

A‐kinase–interacting protein 1 expression was elevated in tumor tissue compared with paired adjacent tissue (P < .001), and high AKIP1 tumor tissue expression was correlated with poor pathological differentiation (P < .001), tumor size >5 cm (P = .001), lymph node metastasis (P = .016), higher TNM stages (P < .001), and abnormal CEA level (>5 ng/mL) (P = .035). DFS was worse in patients with tumor tissue AKIP1 high expression compared with patients who had AKIP1 low expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I (P < .001) and TNM stage III (P < .001) patients. And the OS was also decreased in patients with AKIP1 high expression in total patients (P < .001), TNM stage I patients (P = .001) and TNM stage III patients (P = .004). Moreover, multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression model analysis revealed that AKIP1 high expression was an independent predictive factor for worse DFS (P < .001) and OS (P < .001).

Conclusion

Tumor tissue AKIP1 expression may have the potential to be a biomarker assisting in disease monitoring and prognosis in NSCLC.