Design and synthesis of hydrazinecarbothioamide sulfones as potential antihyperglycemic agents

New hydrazinecarbothioamides with a phenylsulfonyl group were synthesized and their structures were identified by different spectroscopic data (¹ H NMR, ¹³ C NMR, two-dimensional NMR, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray analysis). The mechanism describing the formation of the products was also discussed. The antidiabetic activity of the isolated products was investigated histochemically. The synthesized sulfonylalkylthiosemicarbazide exhibited antihyperglycemic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Compounds 5a and 5c significantly lowered the blood glucose level to 103.3 ± 1.8 and 102 ± 3.9 mg/dl, respectively. Also, they caused a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels and normalized the glutathione levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, compared with the diabetic group. The results suggest that the synthesized hydrazinocarbothioamides may effectively inhibit the development of oxidative stress in diabetes.

Synthesis of Pyrazolylthiazole and Pyrazolyl-1,2,4-Triazepine Derivatives

In a multistep reaction, ( Z)-methyl 2-[( Z)-2-hydrazono-4-oxo-]-(3-substituted-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)thiazolidin-5-ylidine)acetate, ( Z)-methyl-1-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-2-[( Z)-5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-4-oxo-3-(3-substituted-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)-thiazolidin-2-ylidine)hydrazinecarboxylates and methyl 5-oxo-4-(3-substituted-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-thioxo-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2 H-1,2,4-triazepine-7-carboxylates have been formed in good yield from the reaction of N-(3-substituted-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)-hydrazinecarbothioamides with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Explanations of these conversions involving nucleophilic reactions and condensations are presented.