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D’Onofrio A, Silva F, Gano L, Raposinho P, Fernandes C, Sikora A, Wyczółkowska M, Mikołajczak R, Garnuszek P, Paulo A. Bioorthogonal Chemistry Approach for the Theranostics of GRPR-Expressing Cancers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122569. [PMID: 36559063 PMCID: PMC9785946 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonists with improved in vivo behavior have been recently developed and tested in the clinic. However, despite the generally mild side effects of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), toxicity has been observed due to high doses delivered to nontarget tissues, especially in the kidneys and pancreas. Previous experiences with radiolabeled peptides opened a unique opportunity to explore GRPR pretargeting using clickable bombesin antagonists. Toward this goal, we used clickable DOTA-like radiocomplexes which have been previously evaluated by our group. We functionalized a potent GRPR antagonist with a clickable TCO moiety using two different linkers. These precursors were then studied to select the compound with the highest GRPR binding affinity and the best pharmacokinetics to finally explore the advantages of the devised pretargeting approach. Our results provided an important proof of concept toward the development of bioorthogonal approaches to GRPR-expressing cancers, which are worth investigating further to improve the in vivo results. Moreover, the use of clickable GRPR antagonists and DOTA/DOTAGA derivatives allows for fine-tuning of their pharmacokinetics and metabolic stability, leading to a versatile synthesis of new libraries of (radio)conjugates useful for the development of theranostic tools toward GRPR-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D’Onofrio
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Francisco Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Paula Raposinho
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Célia Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Arkadiusz Sikora
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| | - Monika Wyczółkowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| | - Renata Mikołajczak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| | - Piotr Garnuszek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, Km 139.7, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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Shafran YM, Hussein AA, Beliaev NA, Shevyrin VA, Shityakov S, Beryozkina TV, Bakulev VA. Selective Synthesis of Azoloyl NH-1,2,3-Triazoles and Azolyl Diazoketones: Experimental and Computational Insights. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:5008-5031. [PMID: 35187318 PMCID: PMC8851643 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report that the reaction of enaminones, from a class of azole series, with sulfonyl azides leads to a difficult-to-separate mixture of two pairs of compounds: (1) 4-azoloyl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles with sulfonamides and (2) azolyl diazoketones with N-sulfonamidines, as a result of the implementation of two competing reactions. On one hand, the electron-donating methyl or methoxy group in the aryl para-position of arylsulfonyl azides favors the production of NH-1,2,3-triazoles together with sulfonamides. On the other hand, the use of highly electrophilic 4-nitrophenylsulfonyl azide promotes the formation of diazoketones and sulfonamidines. It is shown that the direction of each reaction is not only controlled by the nature of the initial enaminones and sulfonyl azides but also depends on the tested solvent. The problem of removing sulfonamides and amidines from the desired products was solved for the first time using new water-soluble enaminones. Based on the experimental and computational studies, the factors contributing to the selective course of alternative reactions were identified, and methods for the synthesis of azoloyl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles and azolyl diazoketones were developed. Density functional theory (DFT) results have shown that the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is totally driven toward one single regioisomer with a high asynchronous bond formation, and the introduction of an electron-deficient group in sulfonyl azides induces faster cycloaddition. Additionally, DFT calculations were used to gain further mechanistic insights on the reaction studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri M. Shafran
- Technology
for Organic Synthesis Department, Ural Federal
University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Aqeel A. Hussein
- Department
of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Komar
University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah 46002, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nikolai A. Beliaev
- Technology
for Organic Synthesis Department, Ural Federal
University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Vadim A. Shevyrin
- Technology
for Organic Synthesis Department, Ural Federal
University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Laboratory
of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova Street, Saint-Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Tetyana V. Beryozkina
- Technology
for Organic Synthesis Department, Ural Federal
University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
| | - Vasiliy A. Bakulev
- Technology
for Organic Synthesis Department, Ural Federal
University, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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3
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A Mini-Review on Potential of Neuropeptides as Future Therapeutics. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10309-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Pretze M, Reffert L, Diehl S, Schönberg SO, Wängler C, Hohenberger P, Wängler B. GMP-compliant production of [ 68Ga]Ga-NeoB for positron emission tomography imaging of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:22. [PMID: 34228236 PMCID: PMC8260665 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00137-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background [68Ga]Ga-NeoB is a novel DOTA-coupled Gastrin Releasing Peptide Receptor (GRPR) antagonist with high affinity for GRPR and good in vivo stability. This study aimed at (1) the translation of preclinical results to the clinics and establish the preparation of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB using a GMP conform kit approach and a licensed 68Ge/68Ga generator and (2) to explore the application of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) before and/or after interventional treatment (selective internal radiotherapy, irreversible electroporation, microwave ablation). Results Validation of the production and quality control of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB for patient use had to be performed before starting the GMP production. Six independent batches of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB were produced, all met the quality and sterility criteria and yielded 712 ± 73 MBq of the radiotracer in a radiochemical purity of > 95% and a molar activity of 14.2 ± 1.5 GBq/μmol within 20 min synthesis time and additional 20 min quality control. Three patients (2 females, 1 male, 51–77 yrs. of age) with progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumor metastases in the liver or peritoneum not responsive to standard tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy underwent both [68Ga]Ga-NeoB scans prior and after interventional therapy. Radiosynthesis of 68Ga-NeoB was performed using a kit approach under GMP conditions. No specific patient preparation such as fasting or hydration was required for [68Ga]Ga-NeoB PET/CT imaging. Contrast-enhanced PET/CT studies were performed. A delayed, second abdominal image after the administration of the of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB was acquired at 120 min post injection. Conclusions A fully GMP compliant kit preparation of [68Ga]Ga-NeoB enabling the routine production of the tracer under GMP conditions was established for clinical routine PET/CT imaging of patients with metastatic GIST and proved to adequately visualize tumor deposits in the abdomen expressing GRPR. Patients could benefit from additional information derived from [68Ga]Ga-NeoB diagnosis to assess the presence of GRPR in the tumor tissue and monitor antitumor treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41181-021-00137-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pretze
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Laura Reffert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Diehl
- Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan O Schönberg
- Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Biomedical Chemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Hohenberger
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Wängler
- Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry, Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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5
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Grob N, Schibli R, Béhé M, Valverde IE, Mindt TL. 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Isosteres Yield Novel Tumor-Targeting Minigastrin Analogs. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:585-592. [PMID: 33859799 PMCID: PMC8040048 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles (1,5-Tz) are considered bioisosteres of cis-amide bonds. However, their use for enhancing the pharmacological properties of peptides or proteins is not yet well established. Aiming to illustrate their utility, we chose the peptide conjugate [Nle15]MG11 (DOTA-dGlu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-Phe-NH2) as a model compound since it is known that the cholecystokinin-2 receptor (CCK2R) is able to accommodate turn conformations. Analogs of [Nle15]MG11 incorporating 1,5-Tz in the backbone were synthesized and radiolabeled with lutetium-177, and their pharmacological properties (cell internalization, receptor binding affinity and specificity, plasma stability, and biodistribution) were evaluated and compared with [Nle15]MG11 as well as their previously reported analogs bearing 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. Our investigations led to the discovery of novel triazole-modified analogs of [Nle15]MG11 with nanomolar CCK2R-binding affinity and 2-fold increased tumor uptake. This study illustrates that substitution of amides by 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles is an effective strategy to enhance the pharmacological properties of biologically active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie
M. Grob
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ibai E. Valverde
- Institut
de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne,
UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Ludwig
Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department
of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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6
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Li X, Cai H, Wu X, Li L, Wu H, Tian R. New Frontiers in Molecular Imaging Using Peptide-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for Prostate Cancer. Front Chem 2020; 8:583309. [PMID: 33335885 PMCID: PMC7736158 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.583309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) increases the need for progress in its diagnosis, staging, and precise treatment. The overexpression of tumor-specific receptors for peptides in human cancer cells, such as gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor, and somatostatin receptor, has indicated the ideal molecular basis for targeted imaging and therapy. Targeting these receptors using radiolabeled peptides and analogs have been an essential topic on the current forefront of PCa studies. Radiolabeled peptides have been used to target receptors for molecular imaging in human PCa with high affinity and specificity. The radiolabeled peptides enable optimal quick elimination from blood and normal tissues, producing high contrast for positron emission computed tomography and single-photon emission computed tomography imaging with high tumor-to-normal tissue uptake ratios. Owing to their successful application in visualization, peptide derivatives with therapeutic radionuclides for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in PCa have been explored in recent years. These developments offer the promise of personalized, molecular medicine for individual patients. Hence, we review the preclinical and clinical literature in the past 20 years and focus on the newer developments of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital and West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Wang W, Wu K, Vellaisamy K, Leung C, Ma D. Peptide‐Conjugated Long‐Lived Theranostic Imaging for Targeting GRPr in Cancer and Immune Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
| | - Ke‐Jia Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 China
| | - Kasipandi Vellaisamy
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
| | - Chung‐Hang Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 China
| | - Dik‐Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
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8
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Wang W, Wu K, Vellaisamy K, Leung C, Ma D. Peptide‐Conjugated Long‐Lived Theranostic Imaging for Targeting GRPr in Cancer and Immune Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17897-17902. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
| | - Ke‐Jia Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 China
| | - Kasipandi Vellaisamy
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
| | - Chung‐Hang Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR 999078 China
| | - Dik‐Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
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9
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Rečnik LM, Kandioller W, Mindt TL. 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles as Amide Bond Surrogates for the Stabilisation of Linear Peptides with Biological Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:E3576. [PMID: 32781656 PMCID: PMC7465391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides represent an important class of biologically active molecules with high potential for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic agents due to their structural diversity, favourable pharmacokinetic properties, and synthetic availability. However, the widespread use of peptides and conjugates thereof in clinical applications can be hampered by their low stability in vivo due to rapid degradation by endogenous proteases. A promising approach to circumvent this potential limitation includes the substitution of metabolically labile amide bonds in the peptide backbone by stable isosteric amide bond mimetics. In this review, we focus on the incorporation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as amide bond surrogates in linear peptides with the aim to increase their stability without impacting their biological function(s). We highlight the properties of this heterocycle as a trans-amide bond surrogate and summarise approaches for the synthesis of triazole-containing peptidomimetics via the Cu(I)-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The impacts of the incorporation of triazoles in the backbone of diverse peptides on their biological properties such as, e.g., blood serum stability and affinity as well as selectivity towards their respective molecular target(s) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Rečnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Strack M, Billard É, Chatenet D, Lubell WD. Urotensin core mimics that modulate the biological activity of urotensin-II related peptide but not urotensin-II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Popp I, Del Pozzo L, Waser B, Reubi JC, Meyer PT, Maecke HR, Gourni E. Approaches to improve metabolic stability of a statine-based GRP receptor antagonist. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 45:22-29. [PMID: 27865999 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The bombesin receptor family, in particular the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr), is an attractive target in the field of nuclear oncology due to the high density of these receptors on the cell surface of several human tumors. The successful clinical implementation of 64Cu-CB-TE2A-AR06, 68Ga-RM2 and 68Ga-NODAGA-MJ9, prompted us to continue the development of GRPr-antagonists. The aim of the present study was to assess if N-terminal modulations of the statine-based GRPr-antagonist influence the binding affinity, the pharmacokinetic performance and the in vivo metabolic stability. METHODS The GRPr-antagonist (D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2) was functionalized with the chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) via the spacer 4-amino-1-carboxymethyl-piperidine (Pip) and the amino acid N-Methyl-β-Ala, to obtain NMe-RM2 and labeled with 68Ga and 177Lu. The GRPr affinity of the corresponding metalloconjugates determined using [125I-Tyr4]-BN as radioligand. In vitro evaluation included internalization studies using PC3 cells. The 68Ga-conjugate was evaluated in PC3 xenografts by biodistribution and PET studies, while investigations on the metabolic stability and plasma protein binding were performed. RESULTS The half maximum inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of the metalloconjugates, using [125I-Tyr4]-BN, are in the low nanomolar range. PC3-cell culture binding studies of both metallated NMe-RM2 and RM2 show high GRPr-bound activity and low internalization. Metabolic studies showed that 68Ga-NMe-RM2 and 68Ga-RM2 are being cleaved in a similar fashion into three metabolites, with a good proportion of about 50% of the remaining blood activity at 15min post injection (p.i.) being represented by the intact radiotracer. 68Ga-NMe-RM2 was shown to target specifically PC3 xenografts, with high and sustained tumor uptake of about 13% IA/g within a time frame of 3h. The PET images clearly visualized the tumor. CONCLUSIONS The relatively high percentage of the remaining intact radiotracer in blood 15min post injection sufficiently enables in vivo targeting of GRPr positive tumors, finding which has been also shown in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilinca Popp
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luigi Del Pozzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beatrice Waser
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean Claude Reubi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp T Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helmut R Maecke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eleni Gourni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany,.
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12
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Valverde IE, Vomstein S, Mindt TL. Toward the Optimization of Bombesin-Based Radiotracers for Tumor Targeting. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3867-77. [PMID: 27054526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The peptide bombesin (BBN) is a peptide with high affinity for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr), a receptor that is overexpressed by, for example, breast and prostate cancers. Thus, GRPr agonists can be used as cancer-targeting vectors to shuttle diagnostic and therapeutic agents into tumor cells. With the aim of optimizing the tumor targeting properties of a radiolabeled [Nle(14)]BBN(7-14) moiety, novel BBN(7-14)- and BBN(6-14)-based radioconjugates were synthesized, labeled with Lu-177, and fully evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The effect of residue and backbone modification on several parameters such as the internalization of the radiolabeled peptides into PC3 and AR42J tumor cells, their affinity toward the human GRPr, metabolic stability in blood plasma, and biodistribution in mice bearing GRPr-expressing PC3 xenografts was studied. As a result of our investigations, a novel radiolabeled GRPr agonist with a high tumor uptake and a high tumor-to-kidney ratio was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibai E Valverde
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital , Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Vomstein
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital , Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas L Mindt
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital , Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna , Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Mascarin A, Valverde IE, Mindt TL. Radiolabeled analogs of neurotensin (8–13) containing multiple 1,2,3-triazoles as stable amide bond mimics in the backbone. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00208k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Substitution of multiple amide bonds by metabolically stable 1,2,3-triazoles yields novel tumour-targeting neurotensin-based peptidomimetics with interesting biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Mascarin
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Ibai E. Valverde
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Basel Hospital
- CH-4031 Basel
- Switzerland
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Applied Diagnostics
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‘Click’ ligand for ‘click’ chemistry: (1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methanol (MBHTM) accelerated copper-catalyzed [3+2] azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) at low catalyst loading. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Valverde IE, Vomstein S, Fischer CA, Mascarin A, Mindt TL. Probing the Backbone Function of Tumor Targeting Peptides by an Amide-to-Triazole Substitution Strategy. J Med Chem 2015; 58:7475-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibai E. Valverde
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Vomstein
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christiane A. Fischer
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alba Mascarin
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Division
of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben
4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Guo M, Qu X, Qin XQ. Bombesin-like peptides and their receptors: recent findings in pharmacology and physiology. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2015; 22:3-8. [PMID: 25517020 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight the research progress of roles of bombesin-like peptides and their receptors in pharmacology and physiology. RECENT FINDINGS Several new bombesin-derived radioactive or nonradioactive compounds were designed for the diagnosis and therapy of tumors that are overexpressing bombesin receptors. Both gastrin-releasing peptide receptor and neuromedin B receptor activation were shown to induce membrane depolarization and excite neurons in brain. Bombesin receptor subtype-3 was found to be downregulated in the muscle cells and myocytes from obese and type 2 diabetes patients, and its relevant cell signaling events in glucose homeostasis were also investigated. The molecular events triggered by bombesin receptors activation in different types of malignancies is being explored recently and new clues were provided for a better understanding of the biological roles of abnormal expression of bombesin receptors in tumors. Novel cross-talk between gastrin-releasing peptide receptor cell signaling and Sonic hedgehog pathways was identified in small-cell lung carcinoma. SUMMARY Increasing evidence shows bombesin-like peptides and their receptors play important roles in both physiological state and diseases. More specific and safe tumor targeting Bombesin derivatives are being developed for tumor diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Guo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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