|
1
|
Zhang J, Gao LZ, Chen YJ, Zhu PP, Yin SS, Su MM, Ni Y, Miao J, Wu WL, Chen H, Brouwer KLR, Liu CX, Xu L, Jia W, Lan K. Continuum of Host-Gut Microbial Co-metabolism: Host CYP3A4/3A7 are Responsible for Tertiary Oxidations of Deoxycholate Species. Drug Metab Dispos 2019; 47:283-294. [PMID: 30606729 PMCID: PMC6378331 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.085670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota modifies endogenous primary bile acids (BAs) to produce exogenous secondary BAs, which may be further metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s). Our primary aim was to examine how the host adapts to the stress of microbe-derived secondary BAs by P450-mediated oxidative modifications on the steroid nucleus. Five unconjugated tri-hydroxyl BAs that were structurally and/or biologically associated with deoxycholate (DCA) were determined in human biologic samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in combination with enzyme-digestion techniques. They were identified as DCA-19-ol, DCA-6β-ol, DCA-5β-ol, DCA-6α-ol, DCA-1β-ol, and DCA-4β-ol based on matching in-laboratory synthesized standards. Metabolic inhibition assays in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 assays revealed that CYP3A4 and CYP3A7 were responsible for the regioselective oxidations of both DCA and its conjugated forms, glycodeoxycholate (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholate (TDCA). The modification of secondary BAs to tertiary BAs defines a host liver (primary BAs)-gut microbiota (secondary BAs)-host liver (tertiary BAs) axis. The regioselective oxidations of DCA, GDCA, and TDCA by CYP3A4 and CYP3A7 may help eliminate host-toxic DCA species. The 19- and 4β-hydroxylation of DCA species demonstrated outstanding CYP3A7 selectivity and may be useful as indicators of CYP3A7 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Ling-Zhi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Yu-Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Ping-Ping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Shan-Shan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Ming-Ming Su
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Yan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Jia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Wen-Lin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Chang-Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Wei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| | - Ke Lan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.Z., L.Z.G., Y.J.C., P.P.Z., S.S.Y., L.X., K.L.); Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (M.M.S., Y.N., W.J.); Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China (J.M.); Chengdu Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, China (W.L.W., H.C.); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.L.R.B.); State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China (C.X.L.); and Chengdu Health-Balance Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China (S.S.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|