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Jarzyński S, Rapacz A, Dziubina A, Pękala E, Popiół J, Piska K, Wojtulewski S, Rudolf B. Mechanochemical synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 3-aminopyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115749. [PMID: 37879208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 3-aminopyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives was synthesized and tested for anticonvulsant activity. Succinimide derivatives were obtained from a simple solvent-based reaction and a mechanochemical aza-Michael reaction of maleimide or its N-substituted derivatives with selected amines. The structure of the compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic methods (NMR, FT-IR, HPLC, ESI-MS, EA and XRD for four compounds). The cytotoxic activity of the succinimide derivatives was evaluated using HepG2 cells for hepatocytotoxicity and SH-SY5Y cells for neurocytotoxicity. None of the studied compounds showed hepatocytotoxicity and two showed neurocytotoxicity. Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice using the psychomotor seizure test (6 Hz, 32 mA). The selected compounds were evaluated in the following acute models of epilepsy: the maximal electroshock test, psychomotor seizure test (6 Hz, 44 mA), subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole seizure test, and acute neurotoxicity (rotarod test). The most active compound 3-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione revealed antiseizure activity in all seizure models (including pharmacoresistant seizures) and showed better median effective doses (ED50) and protective index values than the reference compound, ethosuximide. Furthermore, 3-(benzylamino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione and 3-(phenylamino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione exhibited antiseizure activity in the 6 Hz and MES tests, and 3-(butylamino)-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione and 3-(benzylamino)-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione exhibited antiseizure activity in the 6 Hz test. All active compounds demonstrated low in vivo neurotoxicity in the rotarod test and yielded favourable protective indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Jarzyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Dziubina
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Popiół
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Piska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wojtulewski
- Department of Structural Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bogna Rudolf
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
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Zhao Z, Yue J, Ji X, Nian M, Kang K, Qiao H, Zheng X. Research progress in biological activities of succinimide derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2020; 108:104557. [PMID: 33376010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Succinimides are well recognized heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery which produce diverse therapeutically related applications in pharmacological practices. Researches in medicinal chemistry field have isolated and synthesized succinimide derivatives with multiple medicinal properties including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antimicrobial agents, 5-HT receptor ligands and enzyme inhibitors. Simultaneously, SAR (Structure-Activity Relationship) analysis has been gradually possessed, along with a great deal of derivatives have been derived for potential targets. In this article, we comprehensively summarize the biological activities and SAR for succinimide derivatives, along with the featuring bioactive molecules reported in patents, wishing to provide an overall retrospect and prospect on the succinimide analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Zhao
- College of Acupuncture & Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Jiangxin Yue
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Meng Nian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Kaiwen Kang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China
| | - Haifa Qiao
- College of Acupuncture & Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture & Medicine, Xixian New Area, Shaanxi Province 712046, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Road, Xi'an 710069, PR China
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Sotiropoulou E, Kourounakis PN. Pharmacochemistry of novel aminoketone phthalimide, delta 4-tetrahydrophthalimide, and arylsuccinimide derivatives with local anaesthetic activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1994; 327:21-6. [PMID: 8117185 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19943270104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A number of aminoketones with prospective local anaesthetic activity were prepared. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analyses. The physiochemical parameters (pka and logP) were also investigated. The local anaesthetic activity was determined in vitro on sciatic frog's nerve by the compound action potential technique: the phthalimide derivatives possess considerable local anaesthetic activity equal to that of lidocaine and higher than that of procaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abstract
A series of Mannich bases derived from spiro [indan-1,3'pyrrolidine-2',5'-dione] were evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. This activity varied as a function of the amine substituent and several compounds showed protective effects in both the maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scMet) assays. In addition, fluorenyl- and cyclopentyl-derived spirosuccinimides, as well as extended chain analogues, were tested and proved to be inactive. A time versus effect study was conducted employing the MES assay and the hydroxyethylpiperazine-derived Mannich base of spiro [indan-1,3 pyrrolidine-2',5',dione]. This compound acted rapidly and its protective half-life was increased as larger doses were administered.
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Bundgaard H, Johansen M. Hydrolysis of N-Mannich bases and its consequences for the biological testing of such agents. Int J Pharm 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-5173(81)90086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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