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Teng Z, Luo Y, Sun J, Li Y, Pearlstein DJ, Oehler MA, Fitzwater JD, Zhou B, Chang CY, Hassan MA, Chen P, Wang Q, Fonseca JM. Effect of Far-Red Light on Biomass Accumulation, Plant Morphology, and Phytonutrient Composition of Ruby Streaks Mustard at Microgreen, Baby Leaf, and Flowering Stages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9587-9598. [PMID: 38588384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Far-red (FR) light influences plant development significantly through shade avoidance response and photosynthetic modulation, but there is limited knowledge on how FR treatments influence the growth and nutrition of vegetables at different maturity stages in controlled environment agriculture (CEA). Here, we comprehensively investigated the impacts of FR on the yield, morphology, and phytonutrients of ruby streaks mustard (RS) at microgreen, baby leaf, and flowering stages. Treatments including white control, white with supplementary FR, white followed by singularly applied FR, and enhanced white (WE) matching the extended daily light integral (eDLI) of FR were designed for separating the effects of light intensity and quality. Results showed that singular and supplemental FR affected plant development and nutrition similarly throughout the growth cycle, with light intensity and quality playing varying roles at different stages. Specifically, FR did not affect the fresh and dry weight of microgreens but increased those values for baby leaves, although not as effectively as WE. Meanwhile, FR caused significant morphological change and accelerated the development of leaves, flowers, and seedpods more dramatically than WE. With regard to phytonutrients, light treatments affected the metabolomic profiles for baby leaves more dramatically than microgreens and flowers. FR decreased the glucosinolate and anthocyanin contents in microgreens and baby leaves, while WE increased the contents of those compounds in baby leaves. This study illustrates the complex impacts of FR on RS and provides valuable information for selecting optimal lighting conditions in CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Teng
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yaguang Luo
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jianghao Sun
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Yanfang Li
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Daniel J Pearlstein
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Madison A Oehler
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - James D Fitzwater
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Christine Y Chang
- Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Muhammad Adeel Hassan
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- Methods and Application of Food Composition Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jorge M Fonseca
- Food Quality Lab, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
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