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Palayer M, Chaussenery-Lorentz O, Boubekeur L, Urbina T, Maury E, Maubert MA, Pilon A, Bourgogne E. Quantitation of 10 antibiotics in plasma: sulfosalicylic acid combined with 2D-LC-MS/MS is a robust assay for beta-lactam therapeutic drug monitoring. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1221:123685. [PMID: 37023569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antibiotics is particularly important in populations with high pharmacokinetic variabilities, such as critically ill patients, leading to unpredictable plasma concentrations and clinical outcomes. Here, we i) describe an original method for the simultaneous quantification of ten antibiotics (cefepime, ceftazidime, ampicillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, linezolid) using 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate (SSA) solution for protein precipitation together with 2D-LC-MS/MS, and ii) evaluate its impact in a one-year retrospective study. The method involved simple dilution with an aqueous mix of deuterated internal standards and plasma protein precipitation with SSA. Twenty microliters of the supernatant was injected into a C8 SPE online cartridge (30 × 2.1 mm) without any evaporation step and back-flushed onto a C18 UHPLC (100 × 2.1 mm) analytical column. Mass spectrometry detection (Xevo TQD) was performed in positive electrospray, in scheduled MRM mode. Overall analytical runtime was 7 min. Due to analytical constraints and the physicochemical properties of the antibiotics, protein precipitation using organic solvents could not be applied. As an alternative, SSA used with 2D-LC offered various advantages: i) lack of dilution resulting in better assay sensitivity, and ii) good chromatography of hydrophilic compounds. Ten microliters of 30% SSA in water eliminated>90% of plasma proteins, including the most abundant high molecular weight proteins at 55 and 72 kDa. The assay was successfully validated according to FDA and EMA guidelines for all the antibiotics, and the coefficients of variation of the quality control (QC) run during sample analysis over one year were below 10%, whatever the QC levels or the antibiotics. The use of 2D-LC combined with SSA precipitation allowed development of a robust, sensitive and rapid quantification assay. Feedback to clinicians was reduced to 24 h, thus allowing rapid dosage adjustment. During one year, 3,304 determinations were performed in our laboratory: 41% were not in the therapeutic range, 58% of which were sub-therapeutic, underlining the importance of early TDM of antibiotics to limit therapeutic failures and the emergence of bacterial resistance.
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Pauter K, Szultka-Młyńska M, Buszewski B. Determination and Identification of Antibiotic Drugs and Bacterial Strains in Biological Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:E2556. [PMID: 32486359 PMCID: PMC7321139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics were initially natural substances. However, nowadays, they also include synthetic drugs, which show their activity against bacteria, killing or inhibiting their growth and division. Thanks to these properties, many antibiotics have quickly found practical application in the fight against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, gastrointestinal infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, meningitis and septicemia. Antibiotic resistance is currently a detrimental problem; therefore, in addition to the improvement of antibiotic therapy, attention should also be paid to active metabolites in the body, which may play an important role in exacerbating the existing problem. Taking into account the clinical, cognitive and diagnostic purposes of drug monitoring, it is important to select an appropriate analytical method that meets all the requirements. The detection and identification of the microorganism responsible for the infection is also an essential factor in the implementation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. In recent years, clinical microbiology laboratories have experienced revolutionary changes in the way microorganisms are identified. The MALDI-TOF MS technique may be interesting, especially in some areas where a quick analysis is required, as is the case with clinical microbiology. This method is not targeted, which means that no prior knowledge of the infectious agent is required, since identification is based on a database match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pauter
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (K.P.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Construction of an Electrochemical Receptor Sensor Based on Graphene/Thionine for the Sensitive Determination of β-Lactam Antibiotics Content in Milk. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093306. [PMID: 32392795 PMCID: PMC7246818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In antibiotics, β-lactam is one kind of major concern acknowledged as an unavoidable contaminant in milk. Thus, a facile and sensitive method is essential for rapid β-lactam antibiotics detection. In our work, a specific electrochemical receptor sensor based on the graphene/thionine (GO/TH) composite was established. The mechanism of the electrochemical receptor sensor was a direct competitive inhibition of the binding of horseradish peroxidase-labeled ampicillin (HRP-AMP) to the mutant BlaR-CTD protein by free β-lactam antibiotics. Then, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzed the hydrolysis of the substrate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which produced an electrochemical signal. Under optimal experimental conditions, this method could quantitatively detect cefquinome from 0.1 to 8 μg L−1 and with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 μg L−1, much lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 5 μg L−1 set by the European Union. In addition, the LOD of spiked milk samples with cefalexin, cefquinoxime, cefotafur, penicillin G and ampicillin were 14.88 μg L−1, 2.46 μg L−1, 17.16 μg L−1, 0.06 μg L−1, 0.21 μg L−1 and the limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 36.09 μg L−1, 5.40 μg L−1, 41.45 μg L−1, 0.13 μg L−1, 0.42 μg L−1, respectively. The sensor showed a favorable recovery of 84.89–102.44%. Moreover, the electrochemical receptor sensor was successfully applied to assay β-lactam antibiotics in milk, which showed good correlation with the results obtained from liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
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Alampanos V, Kabir A, Furton KG, Samanidou V, Papadoyannis I. Fabric phase sorptive extraction for simultaneous observation of four penicillin antibiotics from human blood serum prior to high performance liquid chromatography and photo-diode array detection. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Krpo M, Arnestad M, Karinen R. Determination of Acetaminophen, Dexchlorpheniramine, Caffeine, Cotinine and Salicylic acid in 100 μL of Whole Blood by UHPLC–MS/MS. J Anal Toxicol 2017; 42:126-132. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Krpo
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Arnestad
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ritva Karinen
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
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Unutkan T, Bakırdere S, Keyf S. Development of an Analytical Method for the Determination of Amoxicillin in Commercial Drugs and Wastewater Samples, and Assessing its Stability in Simulated Gastric Digestion. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 56:36-40. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Marra MC, Cunha RR, Muñoz RAA, Batista AD, Richter EM. Single-run capillary electrophoresis method for the fast simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, clavulanate, and potassium. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3557-3562. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C. Marra
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Rafael R. Cunha
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | | | - Alex D. Batista
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Richter
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Uberlândia Brazil
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Comparison between a Direct-Flow SPR Immunosensor for Ampicillin and a Competitive Conventional Amperometric Device: Analytical Features and Possible Applications to Real Samples. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040819. [PMID: 28394296 PMCID: PMC5422180 DOI: 10.3390/s17040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we developed a direct-flow surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor for ampicillin to perform direct, simple, and fast measurements of this important antibiotic. In order to better evaluate the performance, it was compared with a conventional amperometric immunosensor, working with a competitive format with the aim of finding out experimental real advantages and disadvantages of two respective methods. Results showed that certain analytical features of the new SPR immunodevice, such as the lower limit of detection (LOD) value and the width of the linear range, are poorer than those of a conventional amperometric immunosensor, which adversely affects the application to samples such as natural waters. On the other hand, the SPR immunosensor was more selective to ampicillin, and measurements were more easily and quickly attained compared to those performed with the conventional competitive immunosensor.
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A Flow SPR Immunosensor Based on a Sandwich Direct Method. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:22. [PMID: 27187486 PMCID: PMC4931482 DOI: 10.3390/bios6020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the development of an SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) immunosensor for the detection of ampicillin, operating under flow conditions. SPR sensors based on both direct (with the immobilization of the antibody) and competitive (with the immobilization of the antigen) methods did not allow the detection of ampicillin. Therefore, a sandwich-based sensor was developed which showed a good linear response towards ampicillin between 10−3 and 10−1 M, a measurement time of ≤20 min and a high selectivity both towards β-lactam antibiotics and antibiotics of different classes.
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Bol’shakov DS, Amelin VG, Nikeshina TB. Determination of antibiotics in drugs and biological fluids using capillary electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Simple and suitable immunosensor for β-lactam antibiotics analysis in real matrixes: milk, serum, urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 106:186-96. [PMID: 25178531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anti-penicillin G was conjugated to avidin-peroxidase and biotin to obtain immunogen and competitor which were then used to develop a competitive immunosensor assay for the detection of penicillin G and other β-lactam antibiotics, with Kaff values of the order of 10(8) M(-1). The new immunosensor appears to afford a number of advantages in terms of sensitivity, possibility of "in situ" analysis, but especially of simplicity and lower costs, compared with other existing devices, or different chemical instrumental methods reported in the literature and used for the analysis of β-lactam compounds. Satisfactory results were found in the analysis of real matrixes and good recoveries were obtained by applying the standard addition method to spiked milk, urine, serum and drug samples. The new device uses an amperometric electrode for hydrogen peroxide as transducer, the BSA-penicillin G immobilized on polymeric membrane overlapping the amperometric transducer and the peroxidase enzyme as marker. It proved to be highly sensitive, inexpensive and easily reproducible; LOD was of the order of 10(-11)M. Lastly, the new immunosensor displayed low selectivity versus the entire class of β-lactam antibiotics and higher selectivity toward other classes of non-β-lactam antibiotics.
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Demiralay EÇ, Üstün Z, Daldal YD. Estimation of thermodynamic acidity constants of some penicillinase-resistant penicillins. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 91:7-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Jourdil JF, Tonini J, Stanke-Labesque F. Simultaneous quantitation of azole antifungals, antibiotics, imatinib, and raltegravir in human plasma by two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 919-920:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Carlier M, Stove V, Roberts JA, Van de Velde E, De Waele JJ, Verstraete AG. Quantification of seven β-lactam antibiotics and two β-lactamase inhibitors in human plasma using a validated UPLC-MS/MS method. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2012; 40:416-22. [PMID: 22884857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in monitoring plasma concentrations of β-lactam antibiotics. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method with tandem mass spectrometric detection (UPLC-MS/MS) for simultaneous quantification of amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefazolin, ceftazidime, meropenem, piperacillin, clavulanic acid and tazobactam. Sample clean-up included protein precipitation with acetonitrile and back-extraction of acetonitrile with dichloromethane. Six deuterated β-lactam antibiotics were used as internal standards. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC system using a BEH C(18) column (1.7 μm, 100 mm×2.1 mm) applying a binary gradient elution of water and acetonitrile both containing 0.1% formic acid. The total run time was 5.5 min. The developed method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, linearity, matrix effect and recovery. The assay has now been successfully used to determine concentrations of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime and meropenem in plasma samples from intensive care patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Carlier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Building 2P8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Roberts JA, Norris R, Paterson DL, Martin JH. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobials. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 73:27-36. [PMID: 21831196 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the prescription of antimicrobials is required to improve clinical outcome from infections and to reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance. One such method to improve antimicrobial dosing in individual patients is through application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The aim of this manuscript is to review the place of TDM in the dosing of antimicrobial agents, specifically the importance of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to define the antimicrobial exposures necessary for maximizing killing or inhibition of bacterial growth. In this context, there are robust data for some antimicrobials, including the ratio of a PK parameter (e.g. peak concentration) to the minimal inhibitory concentration of the bacteria associated with maximal antimicrobial effect. Blood sampling of an individual patient can then further define the relevant PK parameter value in that patient and, if necessary, antimicrobial dosing can be adjusted to enable achievement of the target PK/PD ratio. To date, the clinical outcome benefits of a systematic TDM programme for antimicrobials have only been demonstrated for aminoglycosides, although the decreasing susceptibility of bacteria to available antimicrobials and the increasing costs of pharmaceuticals, as well as emerging data on pharmacokinetic variability, suggest that benefits are likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Roberts
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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16
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McLawhon RW. Guidelines for the Monitoring of Vancomycin, Aminoglycosides and Certain Antibiotics. Ther Drug Monit 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385467-4.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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17
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Sequential injection chromatography against HPLC and CE: Application to separation and quantification of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2011.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Simultaneous determination of 12 beta-lactam antibiotics in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection: application to therapeutic drug monitoring. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:4873-9. [PMID: 21788467 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00533-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and specific high-performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection (HPLC-UV) for the simultaneous determination of 12 beta-lactam antibiotics (amoxicillin, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cloxacillin, imipenem, meropenem, oxacillin, penicillin G, piperacillin, and ticarcillin) in small samples of human plasma is described. Extraction consisted of protein precipitation by acetonitrile. An Atlantis T3 analytical column with a linear gradient of acetonitrile and a pH 2 phosphoric acid solution was used for separation. Wavelength photodiode array detection was set either at 210 nm, 230 nm, or 298 nm according to the compound. This method is accurate and reproducible (coefficient of variation [CV] < 8%), allowing quantification of beta-lactam plasma levels from 5 to 250 μg/ml without interference with other common drugs. This technique is easy to use in routine therapeutic drug monitoring of beta-lactam antibiotics.
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Giang DT, Hoang VD. Comparative Study of RP-HPLC and UV Spectrophotometric Techniques for the Simultaneous Determination of Amoxicillin and Cloxacillin in Capsules. J Young Pharm 2011; 2:190-5. [PMID: 21264124 PMCID: PMC3021696 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.63168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversed-phase HPLC and UV spectrophotometric techniques using water as solvent have been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin and cloxacillin in capsules. For both techniques, the linearity range of 60.073x2013;140.0 µg/mL was studied. The spectrophotometric data show that non-derivative techniques, such as absorbance ratio and compensation, and ratio spectra first-order derivative could be successfully used for the co-assay of amoxicillin and cloxacillin. Based on the statistical comparison of spectrophotometric and chromatographic data, the interchangeability between HPLC and UV spectrophotometric techniques has been suggested for the routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do T Giang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Toxicology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Pei Q, Yang GP, Li ZJ, Peng XD, Fan JH, Liu ZQ. Simultaneous analysis of amoxicillin and sulbactam in human plasma by HPLC-DAD for assessment of bioequivalence. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2000-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Samanidou VF, Karageorgou EG. On the use of Kinetex™-C18 core-shell 2.6 µm stationary phase to the multiclass determination of antibiotics. Drug Test Anal 2010; 3:234-44. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rambla-Alegre M, Martí-Centelles R, Esteve-Romero J, Carda-Broch S. Application of a liquid chromatographic procedure for the analysis of penicillin antibiotics in biological fluids and pharmaceutical formulations using sodium dodecyl sulphate/propanol mobile phases and direct injection. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1218:4972-81. [PMID: 21190691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A direct injection liquid chromatography procedure was developed for the simultaneous determination of four penicillin antibiotics (amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin) in pharmaceutical formulations and physiological fluids (urine) using hybrid micellar mobile phases. These antimicrobials are used to treat gastrointestinal and systemic infections. The four penicillins were analysed using a Zorbax C18 reversed-phase column and detected at 210 nm. These antibiotics were separated by an interpretive optimisation procedure based on the accurate description of the retention and shape of the chromatographic peaks. Antibiotics were eluted in less than 16 min with no interference by the urine protein band or endogenous compounds using the mobile phase 0.11 M sodium dodecyl sulphate-6% propanol-0.01 M NaH(2)PO(4) buffered at pH 3. The method was validated according to the Food and Drug Administration guideline, including analytical parameters such as linearity (R(2)>0.993), intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD, %: 0.1-4.4 and 1.2-5.9, respectively), and robustness for the four compounds. This method is sensitive enough for the routine analysis of penicillins at therapeutic urine levels, with limits of detection in the 1.5-15 ng mL(-1) range and limits of quantification of 50 ng mL(-1). Recoveries in a micellar medium and a spiked urine matrix were in the 92.4-108.2% and 96-110% ranges, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine these antibiotics in urine samples and pharmaceutical formulations.
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Samanidou VF, Giannakis DE, Papadaki A. Development and validation of an HPLC method for the determination of seven penicillin antibiotics in veterinary drugs and bovine blood plasma. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1302-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Yeh LC, Lee WM, Koh BW, Chan JP, Liu CH, Kao JP, Chou CC. Development of amoxicillin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and measurements of tissue amoxicillin concentrations in a pigeon microdialysis model. Poult Sci 2008; 87:577-87. [PMID: 18281588 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2007-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive ELISA was developed for the detection of amoxicillin (AMX) in serum, urine, and milk. The ELISA used an indirect competitive method produced by coating the plate with ovalbumin conjugated with AMX hapten. Antibodies against AMX-BSA were detected by a goat-antirabbit antibody conjugated with peroxidase. Calibration standard curves ranged from 1.28 ng/mL to 20 microg/mL [IC(50) (inhibition concentration 50%) = 100 ng/mL], and the limits of detection were 1.3, 2.7, and 4.8 ng/mL for urine, milk, and serum, respectively. The intra- and interassay variations were less than 4 and 9.6%. The antibody produced against AMX cross-reacted highly with penicillin G (77%); cross-reacted moderately with ampicillin, oxacillin, and cloxacillin (56.9, 51.4, and 48.8%, respectively); but was considered non-cross-reactive with dicloxacillin (7.4%), cefadroxil (<1%), and cefazolin (<1%). Concentrations of AMX were measured simultaneously in venous blood and muscles by using the developed AMX ELISA in an in vivo microdialysis model designed for pigeons. Following i.m. injection (25 mg/kg), AMX attained a peak blood level of 4.74 +/-0.30 mu g/mL and decreased with a half-life of 2.38 +/-0.16 h. In contrast, measurements in pectoral and femoral muscles exhibited delayed appearances, reduced peak concentrations, and prolonged half-lives of 4.07 +/-0.48 (pectoral) and 3.01 +/-0.26 (femoral) that were significantly different from each other and those in the blood (P < 0.05). Blood protein binding was calculated to be 27.9 +/-5.7%. This study demonstrated the semiquantitative application of a selective AMX ELISA in the first microdialysis procedure for continuous monitoring of drug levels in specific tissues of pigeons and maybe useful for related studies in other poultry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-C Yeh
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital and Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, 402
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Liu W, Zhang Z, Liu Z. Determination of β-lactam antibiotics in milk using micro-flow chemiluminescence system with on-line solid phase extraction. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 592:187-92. [PMID: 17512825 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a chemiluminescence (CL) micro-flow system combined with on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) is presented for determination of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillin, cefradine, cefadroxil, cefalexin) in milk. It is based on the enhancement effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on the luminol-K3Fe(CN)6 CL system. The micro-flow system was fabricated from two polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plates (50 mm x 40 mm x 5 mm) with the microchannels of 200 microm wide and 150 microm deep. C18-modified silica gel was packed into the microchannel (length: 10 mm; width: 1 mm; depth: 500 microm) to serve as SPE device. Extraction and preconcentration of the analytes were carried out using on-line SPE micro-flow system and the selectivity of CL detection was improved. The detection limits were 0.5 microg mL(-1) of penicillin, 0.04 microg mL(-1) of cefradine, 0.08 microg mL(-1) of cefadroxil and 0.1 microg mL(-1) of cefalexin. The proposed method was also applied to analyze the beta-lactam antibiotics in milk. Experimental results were in good agreement with those obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with UV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
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