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Maschita J, Banerjee T, Lotsch BV. Direct and Linker-Exchange Alcohol-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Imide-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:2249-2258. [PMID: 35281973 PMCID: PMC8908547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an extensively studied class of porous materials, which distinguish themselves from other porous polymers in their crystallinity and high degree of modularity, enabling a wide range of applications. However, the established synthetic protocols for the synthesis of stable and crystalline COFs, such as imide-linked COFs, often requires the use of high boiling solvents and toxic catalysts, making their synthesis expensive and environmentally harmful. Herein, we report a new environmentally friendly strategy-an alcohol-assisted hydrothermal polymerization approach (aaHTP) for the synthesis of a wide range of crystalline and porous imide-linked COFs. This method allows us to gain access to new COFs and to avoid toxic solvents by up to 90% through substituting commonly used organic solvent mixtures with water and small amounts of n-alcohols without being restricted to water-soluble linker molecules. Additionally, we use the aaHTP to demonstrate an eco-friendly COF-to-COF transformation of an imine-linked COF into a novel imide-linked COF via linkage replacement, inaccessible using published reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Maschita
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Tanmay Banerjee
- Department
of Chemistry, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan − 333031, India
| | - Bettina V. Lotsch
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
- E-conversion
and Center for Nanoscience, Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
- E-mail:
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2
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Lee J, Baek S, Kim J, Lee S, Kim J, Han H. Highly Soluble Fluorinated Polyimides Synthesized with Hydrothermal Process towards Sustainable Green Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213824. [PMID: 34771380 PMCID: PMC8587447 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyimides, a widely used engineering plastic, require use of large amounts of toxic and hazardous organic solvents which threaten our daily lives, calling for new and easy synthetic methods for sustainable environmentally friendly development. In this paper, highly soluble fluorinated polyimides based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride were synthesized via hydrothermal process without using any toxic organic solvents and the advantages of the newly demonstrated synthetic methods are shown by comparative analysis performed with the two conventional synthetic methods using organic solvent: thermal and chemical imidization. Lower temperature is required (~200 °C) compared to thermal imidization and functional groups for high fusibility formed more easily compared to chemical imidization. According to the comparative analysis, hydrothermally synthesized PIs showed excellent solubility and maintained high thermal stability (>500 °C) and glass transition temperature (>300 °C) compared to conventional PI. The hydrothermally synthesized polyimide is much more convenient to store and manage than other form of polyimide which is much more stable when it is exposed to humidity as it is a powder form. The hydrothermal synthetic method is verified to be a "Green" and facile method for sustainable PI synthesis.
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3
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Lahnsteiner M, Caldera M, Moura HM, Cerrón-Infantes DA, Roeser J, Konegger T, Thomas A, Menche J, Unterlass MM. Hydrothermal polymerization of porous aromatic polyimide networks and machine learning-assisted computational morphology evolution interpretation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2021; 9:19754-19769. [PMID: 34589226 PMCID: PMC8439099 DOI: 10.1039/d1ta01253c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the hydrothermal polymerization (HTP) of polyimide (PI) networks using the medium H2O and the comonomers 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) and pyromellitic acid (PMA). Full condensation is obtained at minimal reaction times of only 2 h at 200 °C. The PI networks are obtained as monoliths and feature thermal stabilities of >500 °C, and in several cases even up to 595 °C. The monoliths are built up by networks of densely packed, near-monodisperse spherical particles and annealed microfibers, and show three types of porosity: (i) intrinsic inter-segment ultramicroporosity (<0.8 nm) of the PI networks composing the particles (∼3-5 μm), (ii) interstitial voids between the particles (0.1-2 μm), and (iii) monolith cell porosity (∽10-100 μm), as studied via low pressure gas physisorption and Hg intrusion porosimetry analyses. This unique hierarchical porosity generates an outstandingly high specific pore volume of 7250 mm3 g-1. A large-scale micromorphological study screening the reaction parameters time, temperature, and the absence/presence of the additive acetic acid was performed. Through expert interpretation of hundreds of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the products of these experiments, we devise a hypothesis for morphology formation and evolution: a monomer salt is initially formed and subsequently transformed to overall eight different fiber, pearl chain, and spherical morphologies, composed of PI and, at long reaction times (>48 h), also PI/SiO2 hybrids that form through reaction with the reaction vessel. Moreover, we have developed a computational image analysis pipeline that deciphers the complex morphologies of these SEM images automatically and also allows for formulating a hypothesis of morphology development in HTP that is in good agreement with the manual morphology analysis. Finally, we upscaled the HTP of PI(TAPB-PMA) and processed the resulting powder into dense cylindrical specimen by green solvent-free warm-pressing, showing that one can follow the full route from the synthesis of these PI networks to a final material without employing harmful solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lahnsteiner
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Austria
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Austria
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Michael Caldera
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
- Max F. Perutz Labs, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5 Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 1030 Vienna Austria
| | - Hipassia M Moura
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Austria
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Austria
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
- Universität Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry Universitätsstrasse 10 D-78464 Konstanz Germany
| | - D Alonso Cerrón-Infantes
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Austria
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Austria
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
- Universität Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry Universitätsstrasse 10 D-78464 Konstanz Germany
| | - Jérôme Roeser
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry Str. des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Konegger
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics Getreidemarkt 9/164 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Arne Thomas
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry Str. des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Jörg Menche
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
- Max F. Perutz Labs, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5 Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9 1030 Vienna Austria
| | - Miriam M Unterlass
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Austria
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Austria
- CeMM - Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3 1090 Vienna Austria
- Universität Konstanz, Department of Chemistry, Solid State Chemistry Universitätsstrasse 10 D-78464 Konstanz Germany
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4
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Fujiwara E, Ishige R, Cerrón-Infantes DA, Taublaender MJ, Unterlass MM, Ando S. Compression and Thermal Expansion Behaviors of Highly Crystalline Polyimide Particles Prepared from Poly(amic acid) and Monomer Salts. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Fujiwara
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1-E4-5, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ryohei Ishige
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1-E4-5, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Daniel Alonso Cerrón-Infantes
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM−Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Josef Taublaender
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM−Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT25.3, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Shinji Ando
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama 2-12-1-E4-5, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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5
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Taublaender MJ, Mezzavilla S, Thiele S, Glöcklhofer F, Unterlass MM. Hydrothermale Synthese von konjugierten Polymeren am Beispiel von Pyrronpolymeren und Polybenzimidazolen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Josef Taublaender
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Österreich
- Institute of Materials Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Österreich
| | - Stefano Mezzavilla
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ Großbritannien
| | - Sophia Thiele
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Österreich
- Institute of Materials Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Österreich
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics Imperial College London 80 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ Großbritannien
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Vienna Österreich
- Institute of Materials Chemistry Technische Universität Wien Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Vienna Österreich
- CeMM – Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 144 1090 Vienna Österreich)
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6
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Taublaender MJ, Mezzavilla S, Thiele S, Glöcklhofer F, Unterlass MM. Hydrothermal Generation of Conjugated Polymers Using the Example of Pyrrone Polymers and Polybenzimidazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15050-15060. [PMID: 32255546 PMCID: PMC7496105 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Various polyimides and polyamides have recently been prepared via hydrothermal synthesis in nothing but H2 O under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. However, none of the prepared polymers feature a truly conjugated polymer backbone. Here, we report on an expansion of the synthetic scope of this straightforward and inherently environmentally friendly polymerization technique to the generation of conjugated polymers. Selected representatives of two different polymer classes, pyrrone polymers and polybenzimidazoles, were generated hydrothermally. We present a mechanistic discussion of the polymer formation process as well as an electrochemical characterization of the most promising product.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Josef Taublaender
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
- Institute of Materials ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1651060ViennaAustria
| | - Stefano Mezzavilla
- Department of MaterialsImperial College London, Royal School of MinesPrince Consort RoadLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Sophia Thiele
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
- Institute of Materials ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1651060ViennaAustria
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic ElectronicsImperial College London80 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1631060ViennaAustria
- Institute of Materials ChemistryTechnische Universität WienGetreidemarkt 9/1651060ViennaAustria
- CeMM – Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesLazarettgasse 1441090ViennaAustria
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7
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Moura HM, Unterlass MM. Biogenic Metal Oxides. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:E29. [PMID: 32585892 PMCID: PMC7345149 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic metal oxides (MxOy) feature structures as highly functional and unique as the organisms generating them. They have caught the attention of scientists for the development of novel materials by biomimicry. In order to understand how biogenic MxOy could inspire novel technologies, we have reviewed examples of all biogenic MxOy, as well as the current state of understanding of the interactions between the inorganic MxOy and the biological matter they originate from and are connected to. In this review, we first summarize the origins of the precursors that living nature converts into MxOy. From the point-of-view of our materials chemists, we present an overview of the biogenesis of silica, iron and manganese oxides, as the only reported biogenic MxOy to date. These MxOy are found across all five kingdoms (bacteria, protoctista, fungi, plants and animals). We discuss the key molecules involved in the biosynthesis of MxOy, the functionality of the MxOy structures, and the techniques by which the biogenic MxOy can be studied. We close by outlining the biomimetic approaches inspired by biogenic MxOy materials and their challenges, and we point at promising directions for future organic-inorganic materials and their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hipassia M. Moura
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Zhuo L, Tang S, Zhao K, Xie F, Bai Y. Green facile fabrication of polyimide by microwave‐assisted hydrothermal method and its decomposition dynamics. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Longhai Zhuo
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and TechnologyShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Shulin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Kaiyan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Fan Xie
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China
| | - Yang Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 China
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9
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Liu X, Su X, Yang C, Ma K. Hydrothermal Synthesis of WO₃·0.33H₂O Nanorod Bundles as a Highly Sensitive Cyclohexene Sensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1257. [PMID: 30871099 PMCID: PMC6427590 DOI: 10.3390/s19051257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, WO₃·0.33H₂O nanorods were prepared through a simple hydrothermal method using p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as an auxiliary reagent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the products with PABA addition were orthorhombic WO₃·0.33H₂O, which were mainly composed of nanorods with different crystal planes. The sensing performance of WO₃·0.33H₂O nanorod bundles prepared by the addition of PABA (100 ppm cyclohexene, Ra/Rg = 50.6) was found to be better than the WO₃ synthesized without PABA (100 ppm cyclohexene, Ra/Rg = 1.3) for the detection of cyclohexene. The new synthesis route and sensing characteristics of as-synthesized WO₃·0.33H₂O nanorods revealed a promising candidate for the preparation of the cost-effective gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Xintai Su
- The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Kongjun Ma
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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10
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Kim T, Park B, Lee KM, Joo SH, Kang MS, Yoo WC, Kwak SK, Kim BS. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Composition- and Morphology-Tunable Polyimide-Based Microparticles. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1480-1485. [PMID: 35651233 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyimide is one of the most important high-performance polymers, which is widely used due to its excellent mechanical performance and thermal stability. Unlike the conventional synthetic approach, hydrothermal polymerization enables the synthesis of polyimides without any toxic solvent and catalyst. Herein, we report the synthesis of polyimide-based microparticles (PIMs) through one-pot hydrothermal polymerization using precursors of mellitic acid (MA) and three isomers of phenylenediamine (PDA) (o-, m-, and p-PDA). Interestingly, the chemical composition of PIMs was highly tunable with the choice of the PDA isomers, leading to considerable morphological differences between PIMs. The molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory calculation of the polymeric segment of the respective PIMs suggested that the relative ratio of amide to imide influenced the rotational freedom of the polymeric chains and number of hydrogen bonds, resulting in the well-defined structures of respective PIMs. Considering the highly tunable nature of PIMs coupled with the facile synthetic protocol, we anticipate prospective potentials of PIMs in materials, energy, and composite applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyung Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongho Park
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwon-daero, Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hun Joo
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Kang
- Department of Chemical & Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Cheol Yoo
- Department of Chemical & Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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11
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Taublaender MJ, Glöcklhofer F, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Unterlass MM. Green and Rapid Hydrothermal Crystallization and Synthesis of Fully Conjugated Aromatic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12270-12274. [PMID: 29897647 PMCID: PMC6485404 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Highly fused, fully conjugated aromatic compounds are interesting candidates for organic electronics. With higher crystallinity their electronic properties improve. It is shown here that the crystallization of three archetypes of such molecules—pentacenetetrone, indigo, and perinone—can be achieved hydrothermally. Given their molecular structure, this is a truly startling finding. In addition, it is demonstrated that perinone can also be synthesized in solely high‐temperature water from the starting compounds naphthalene bisanhydride and o‐phenylene diamine without the need for co‐solvents or catalysts. The transformation can be drastically accelerated by the application of microwave irradiation. This is the first report on the hydrothermal generation of two fused heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Josef Taublaender
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Wien, Austria.,Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | | | - Miriam M Unterlass
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Wien, Austria.,Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/165, 1060, Wien, Austria
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12
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Taublaender MJ, Glöcklhofer F, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Unterlass MM. Grüne und rasche hydrothermale Kristallisation und Synthese vollständig konjugierter aromatischer Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Josef Taublaender
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie; TU Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Wien Österreich
- Institut für Materialchemie; TU Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Wien Österreich
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie; TU Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Wien Österreich
| | | | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie; TU Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/163 1060 Wien Österreich
- Institut für Materialchemie; TU Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/165 1060 Wien Österreich
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13
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Unterlass MM. Heißes Wasser ermöglicht Kristallinität in organischen Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institut für Materialchemie; Technische Universität Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/BC/2 Wien Österreich
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14
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Unterlass MM. Hot Water Generates Crystalline Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2292-2294. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Unterlass
- Institute of Materials Chemistry; Technische Universität Wien; Getreidemarkt 9/BC/2 Wien Austria
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15
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Taublaender MJ, Reiter M, Unterlass MM. Exerting Additive-Assisted Morphological Control during Hydrothermal Polymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Reiter
- TU Wien; Institute of Materials Chemistry; Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- TU Wien; Institute of Materials Chemistry; Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Vienna Austria
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Unterlass MM. Geomimetics and Extreme Biomimetics Inspired by Hydrothermal Systems-What Can We Learn from Nature for Materials Synthesis? Biomimetics (Basel) 2017; 2:E8. [PMID: 31105171 PMCID: PMC6477620 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics2020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
'Extreme biomimetics' and 'geomimetics' are relatively recent fields of materials chemistry. Both take inspiration from natural materials for generating novel synthetic materials or enhanced properties in known materials. In geomimetics, the source of inspiration is geological systems, while extreme biomimetics is motivated by organisms operating in-from an anthropocentric point of view-extreme conditions. This review article focuses on geomimetic and extreme biomimetic hydrothermal synthesis. Since hydrothermal preparative chemistry typically uses nothing but water and the required precursors, the field belongs to the research area of 'green materials chemistry'. Geomimetics, on the one hand, takes inspiration from natural materials formation. Extreme Biomimetics, on the other hand, is inspired by materials found in extremophile organisms, instead of aiming to implement their actual biosynthesis. In this contribution, both extreme biomimetics and geomimetics are first defined, and further critically discussed on the basis of recent, selected examples. Moreover, the necessity for the two closely related fields as well their prospects are commented on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M Unterlass
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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Baumgartner B, Svirkova A, Bintinger J, Hametner C, Marchetti-Deschmann M, Unterlass MM. Green and highly efficient synthesis of perylene and naphthalene bisimides in nothing but water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1229-1232. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06567h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A green one-pot hydrothermal route quantitatively generates high-purity fluorescence bisimide dyes without the need for catalysts or organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Baumgartner
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry
- A-1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Anastasiya Svirkova
- Technische Universität Wien
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Johannes Bintinger
- Technische Universität Wien
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Christian Hametner
- Technische Universität Wien
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | | | - Miriam M. Unterlass
- Technische Universität Wien, Institute of Materials Chemistry
- A-1060 Vienna
- Austria
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