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Carbone F, Zamarian L, Rass V, Bair S, Ritter M, Beer R, Mahlknecht P, Heim B, Limmert V, Peball M, Ellmerer P, Schiefecker AJ, Kofler M, Lindner A, Pfausler B, Putnina L, Kindl P, Löffler-Ragg J, Kiechl S, Seppi K, Djamshidian A, Helbok R. Cognitive dysfunction 1 year after COVID-19: evidence from eye tracking. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1826-1831. [PMID: 36264758 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests persistent cognitive dysfunction after COVID-19. In this cross-sectional study, frontal lobe function was assessed 12 months after the acute phase of the disease, using tailored eye tracking assessments. Individuals who recovered from COVID-19 made significantly more errors in all eye tracking tasks compared to age/sex-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, patients who were treated as inpatients performed worse compared to outpatients and controls. Our results show impaired inhibitory cortical control in individuals who recovered from COVID-19. The association between disease severity and its sequelae may contribute to a better understanding of post-COVID-19 cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Zamarian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Rass
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefanie Bair
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcel Ritter
- Interactive Graphics and Simulation Group, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronny Beer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Heim
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victoria Limmert
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marina Peball
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Ellmerer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Mario Kofler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Lindner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Pfausler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lauma Putnina
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Kindl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith Löffler-Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ellmerer P, Peball M, Carbone F, Ritter M, Heim B, Marini K, Valent D, Krismer F, Poewe W, Djamshidian A, Seppi K. Eye Tracking in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Treated with Nabilone–Results of a Phase II, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Pilot Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050661. [PMID: 35625047 PMCID: PMC9139535 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The topic of the therapeutic use of cannabinoids in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is broadly discussed and frequently comes up in the outpatient clinic. So far, there are only a few randomized clinical trials assessing the effects of cannabinoids in PD. We are able to demonstrate a reduction in non-motor symptom (NMS) burden after the administration of nabilone. As impairment of attention and working memory have been described earlier as possible side effects, we assess cognitive performance using saccadic paradigms measured by an eye tracker. We do not observe a significant difference in any of the saccadic paradigms between PD patients on placebo versus those treated with nabilone. We, therefore, conclude that top-down inhibitory control is not affected by the tetrahydrocannabinol analogue. Nabilone did not significantly worsen cognitive performance and appears to be safe to use in selected PD patients who suffer from disabling NMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ellmerer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Marina Peball
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Marcel Ritter
- Interactive Graphics and Simulation Group, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Beatrice Heim
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Kathrin Marini
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Dora Valent
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Florian Krismer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (P.E.); (M.P.); (F.C.); (B.H.); (K.M.); (D.V.); (F.K.); (W.P.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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