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Arafat MAM, Khalil MNA, Mohamed OG, Abd El-Ghafar OAM, Tripathi A, Mahrous EA, Abd El-Kader EM, El-Hawary S. Vetiver aerial parts and roots ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis in complete Freund's adjuvant rat model, a phytochemical profiling and mechanistic study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116764. [PMID: 37315650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is indigenous to India where it is traditionally used to relief rheumatisms, lumbagos and sprains. Vetiver anti-inflammatory activity has not been previously investigated, and its specific interactions with body inflammation cascade remain largely unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work was performed to validate the ethnobotanical use of the plant and compare the anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extracts of the most traditionally used part (aerial part) to that of the root. Furthermore, we attempt to reveal the molecular mechanism of this anti-inflammatory activity in correlation to the chemical composition of C. zizanioides aerial (CA) and root parts (CR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC/HRMS) was used for comprehensive analysis of both CA and CR. The anti-inflammatory effect of both extracts was evaluated in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced RA model in Wistar rats. RESULTS Phenolic metabolites were predominant in CA and 42 were identified for the first time, while only 13 were identified in CR. Meanwhile, triterpenes and sesquiterpenes were confined to the root extract. In CFA arthritis model, CA showed better anti-inflammatory activity than CR marked by an increase in serum level of IL-10 with simultaneous decrease in pro-inflammatory markers; IL-6, ACPA and TNF-α and was evident in histopathological examination. This anti-inflammatory effect was accompanied by down-regulation of JAK2/STAT3/SOCs3, ERK1/ERK2, TRAF6/c-FOS/NFATC1, TRAF6/NF-κB/NFATC1 and RANKL pathways which were all upregulated after CFA injection. These pathways were modulated to larger extent by CA, except for ERK1/ERK2 which was downregulated more effectively by CR. This differential effect between CA and CR can be explained by the variability in their phytoconstituents profile. CONCLUSION In agreement with the ethnobotanical preference, CA extract was more effective than CR extract in reducing the symptoms of RA probably due to its enrichment with flavonoids, lignans, and flavolignans. Both CA and CR reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines through modulating various biological signaling pathways. These findings support the traditional use of vetiver leaves as a remedy for RA and suggest that the use of the whole plant may offer advantage by synergistically affecting more inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A M Arafat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, 11361, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed N A Khalil
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Osama G Mohamed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Omnia A M Abd El-Ghafar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-sueif, Egypt
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Engy A Mahrous
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Essam M Abd El-Kader
- Timber Tree Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Kim N, Chung G, Son SR, Park JH, Lee YH, Park KT, Cho IH, Jang DS, Kim SK. Magnolin Inhibits Paclitaxel-Induced Cold Allodynia and ERK1/2 Activation in Mice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2283. [PMID: 37375908 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of anti-cancer drugs. The main symptoms often include sensory disturbances and neuropathic pain, and currently there is no effective treatment for this condition. This study aimed to investigate the suppressive effects of magnolin, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor substance derived from a 95% EtOH extract of the seeds of Magnolia denudata, on the symptoms of CIPN. A taxol-based anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) was repeatedly injected (2 mg/kg/day, total 8 mg/kg) into mice to induce CIPN. A neuropathic pain symptom was assessed using a cold allodynia test that scores behaviors of licking and shaking paw after plantar administration of acetone drop. Magnolin was administered intraperitoneally (0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg) and behavioral changes to acetone drop were measured. The effect of magnolin administration on ERK expression in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was investigated using western blot analysis. The results showed that the repeated injections of PTX induced cold allodynia in mice. Magnolin administration exerted an analgesic effect on the PTX-induced cold allodynia and inhibited the ERK phosphorylation in the DRG. These results suggest that magnolin could be developed as an alternative treatment to suppress paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Geehoon Chung
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Tae Park
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hyun Cho
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kwang Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Ravetti Duran R, Muhr L, Barth D. A model for purification of by-products in wood extracts based on frontal chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2123345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Osmakov DI, Kalinovskii AP, Belozerova OA, Andreev YA, Kozlov SA. Lignans as Pharmacological Agents in Disorders Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Chemical Synthesis Approaches and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116031. [PMID: 35682715 PMCID: PMC9181380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant lignans exhibit a wide range of biological activities, which makes them the research objects of potential use as therapeutic agents. They provide diverse naturally-occurring pharmacophores and are available for production by chemical synthesis. A large amount of accumulated data indicates that lignans of different structural groups are apt to demonstrate both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, in many cases, simultaneously. In this review, we summarize the comprehensive knowledge about lignan use as a bioactive agent in disorders associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, and chemical synthesis approaches. This article provides an up-to-date overview of the current data in this area, available in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, screened from 2000 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Osmakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr P. Kalinovskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Olga A. Belozerova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Yaroslav A. Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Capanoglu E, Jiao L, Yin L, Liu X, Wang R, Xiao J, Lu B. Coarse cereals modulating chronic low-grade inflammation: review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9694-9715. [PMID: 35503432 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2070596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) is closely associated with various chronic diseases. Researchers have paid attention to the comprehensive application and development of food materials with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Owing to their abundant nutrients and biological activities, coarse cereals have emerged as an important component of human diet. Increasing evidence has revealed their potential protective effects against CLGI in chronic conditions. However, this property has not been systematically discussed and summarized. In the present work, numerous published reports were reviewed to systematically analyze and summarize the protective effects of coarse cereals and their main active ingredients against CLGI. Their current utilization state was investigated. The future prospects, such as the synergistic effects among the active compounds in coarse cereals and the biomarker signatures of CLGI, were also discussed. Coarse cereals show promise as food diet resources for preventing CLGI in diseased individuals. Their active ingredients, including β-glucan, resistant starch, arabinoxylan, phenolic acids, flavonoids, phytosterols and lignans, function against CLGI through multiple possible intracellular signaling pathways and immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, coarse cereals play a crucial role in the food industry due to their health effects on chronic diseases and are worthy of further development for possible application in modulating chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhu Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Linshu Jiao
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Liqing Yin
- Institute of Agricultural Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xianjin Liu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Baiyi Lu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Health Benefit of Agro-Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agro-Products Storage and Preservation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Convenient Preparation and Spectroscopic Characterization of 7 R-Hydroxymatairesinol. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195838. [PMID: 34641381 PMCID: PMC8512340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of 7R-HMR (allo-hydroxymatairesinol) is reported by: (a) NaBH4 kinetic reduction of 7R/7S diastereomeric mixture; and (b) epimerization of the C7 hydroxyl group by Mitsunobu reaction and subsequent ester hydrolysis. The availability of highly pure target compound (7R-HMR) made it possible to confirm the structure of the target compound and to complete the full spectroscopic characterization.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 4-((1 R,2 R)-3-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol Isolated from Juglans mandshurica Maxim. in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Zebrafish Larvae Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080771. [PMID: 34451869 PMCID: PMC8398860 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglans mandshurica Maxim., a traditional folk medicinal plant, is widely distributed in Korea and China. In our previous study, we isolated a new phenylpropanoid compound, 4-((1R,2R)-3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxypropan-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol (HHMP), from J. mandshurica. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of HHMP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish larvae. HHMP significantly inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 production in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, HHMP treatment considerably suppressed LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. We also demonstrated the mechanisms of HHMP inhibition of inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells via Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, HHMP significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-stimulated zebrafish larvae. Consequently, we established that HHMP significantly inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK and the nuclear translocation of p65 in RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the effect of HHMP on LPS-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo, suggesting its potential to be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.
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Pap N, Reshamwala D, Korpinen R, Kilpeläinen P, Fidelis M, Furtado MM, Sant'Ana AS, Wen M, Zhang L, Hellström J, Marnilla P, Mattila P, Sarjala T, Yang B, Lima ADS, Azevedo L, Marjomäki V, Granato D. Toxicological and bioactivity evaluation of blackcurrant press cake, sea buckthorn leaves and bark from Scots pine and Norway spruce extracts under a green integrated approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112284. [PMID: 34044082 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts from blackcurrant press cake (BC), Norway spruce bark (NS), Scots pine bark (SP), and sea buckthorn leaves (SB) were obtained using maceration and pressurized hot water and tested for their bioactivities. Maceration provided the extraction of higher dry matter contents, including total phenolics (TPC), anthocyanins, and condensed tannins, which also impacted higher antioxidant activity. NS and SB extracts presented the highest mean values of TPC and antioxidant activity. Individually, NS extract presented high contents of proanthocyanidins, resveratrol, and some phenolic acids. In contrast, SB contained a high concentration of ellagitannins, ellagic acid, and quercetin, explaining the antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects. SP and BC extracts had the lowest TPC and antioxidant activity. However, BC had strong antiviral efficacy, whereas SP can be considered a potential ingredient to inhibit α-amylase. Except for BC, the other extracts decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HCT8 and A549 cells. Extracts did not inhibit the production of TNF-alpha in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 macrophages but inhibited the ROS generation during the THP-1 cell respiratory burst. The recovery of antioxidant compounds from these by-products is incentivized for high value-added applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Pap
- Biorefinery and Bioproducts, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Dhanik Reshamwala
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Risto Korpinen
- Biorefinery and Bioproducts, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Petri Kilpeläinen
- Biorefinery and Bioproducts, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marina Fidelis
- Food Processing and Quality, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marianna M Furtado
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jarkko Hellström
- Food Processing and Quality, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Pertti Marnilla
- Food Processing and Quality, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Pirjo Mattila
- Food Processing and Quality, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI- 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Tytti Sarjala
- Biomass Characterization and Properties, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-39700, Parkano, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Amanda Dos Santos Lima
- Department of Food, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Department of Food, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Varpu Marjomäki
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Daniel Granato
- Food Processing and Quality, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-02150, Espoo, Finland.
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Iron Absorption in Celiac Disease and Nutraceutical Effect of 7-Hydroxymatairesinol. Mini-Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092041. [PMID: 32349426 PMCID: PMC7249079 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia is the main extra-gastrointestinal symptom in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other cytokines are secreted and act in the microenvironment of the small intestine mucous membrane of IBD patients. Iron is essential for multiple cell functions and its homeostasis is regulated by the hepcidin–ferroportin axis. Hepcidin (HEPC) is mainly produced by the liver in response to iron needs but is also an acute phase protein. During inflammation, hepcidin is upregulated by IL-6 and is responsible for iron compartmentalization within cells, in turn causing anemia of inflammation. Tissues other than liver can produce hepcidin in response to inflammatory stimuli, in order to decrease iron efflux at a local level, then acting in an autocrine–paracrine manner. In IBDs and, in particular, in celiac disease (CeD), IL-6 might trigger the expression, upregulation and secretion of hepcidin in the small intestine, reducing iron efflux and exacerbating defective iron absorption. 7-Hydroxymatairesinol (7-HMR) belongs to the family of lignans, polyphenolic compounds produced by plants, and has nutraceutical antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and estrogenic properties. In this mini-review we revise the role of inflammation in IBDs and in particular in CeD, focusing our attention on the close link among inflammation, anemia and iron metabolism. We also briefly describe the anti-inflammatory and estrogenic activity of 7-HMR contained in foods that are often consumed by CeD patients. Finally, considering that HEPC expression is regulated by iron needs, inflammation and estrogens, we explored the hypothesis that 7-HMR consumption could ameliorate anemia in CeD using Caco-2 cells as bowel model. Further studies are needed to verify the regulation pathway through which 7-HMR may interfere with the local production of HEPC in bowel.
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Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3836172. [PMID: 32318238 PMCID: PMC7149453 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3836172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Barley plays an important role in health and civilization of human migration from Africa to Asia, later to Eurasia. We demonstrated the systematic mechanism of functional ingredients in barley to combat chronic diseases, based on PubMed, CNKI, and ISI Web of Science databases from 2004 to 2020. Barley and its extracts are rich in 30 ingredients to combat more than 20 chronic diseases, which include the 14 similar and 9 different chronic diseases between grains and grass, due to the major molecular mechanism of six functional ingredients of barley grass (GABA, flavonoids, SOD, K-Ca, vitamins, and tryptophan) and grains (β-glucans, polyphenols, arabinoxylan, phytosterols, tocols, and resistant starch). The antioxidant activity of barley grass and grain has the same and different functional components. These results support findings that barley grain and its grass are the best functional food, promoting ancient Babylonian and Egyptian civilizations, and further show the depending functional ingredients for diet from Pliocene hominids in Africa and Neanderthals in Europe to modern humans in the world. This review paper not only reveals the formation and action mechanism of barley diet overcoming human chronic diseases, but also provides scientific basis for the development of health products and drugs for the prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases.
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Neuroprotective effects of lignan 7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR/lignan) in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Nutrition 2020; 69:110494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Amaranth Oil Increases Total and LDL Cholesterol Levels without Influencing Early Markers of Atherosclerosis in an Overweight and Obese Population: A Randomized Double-Blind Cross-Over Study in Comparison with Rapeseed Oil Supplementation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123069. [PMID: 31888234 PMCID: PMC6950476 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AT) is a chronic inflammatory process in which oxidative stress is the key event. Amaranth oil (AmO) has potential hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic effects. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of AmO and rapeseed oil (RaO) supplementation on expression of early markers of AT and lipid profile in obese or overweight subjects. METHODS A randomized, double-blinded cross-over study was conducted, in which participants took 20 mL of AmO in the first arm and 20 mL RaO in the second arm, switching after the washout period. Serum concentrations of adhesion molecules (sP-selectin, sVCAM-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and lipid profile were assessed before and after nutritional interventions. In addition, anthropometric parameters were measured. RESULTS The total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations increased significantly in the AmO group in comparison with RaO (ΔTC 5.52 ± 35 vs. -8.43 ± 17.65 mg/dL; p = 0.002 and 4.43 ± 34.96 vs. -7.55 ± 16.41 mg/dL; p = 0.002, respectively). There were no significant differences in other parameters analyzed between the groups. CONCLUSION The use of AmO instead of RaO may increase cardiovascular risk in obese and overweight subjects.
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Xia Z, Cholewa JM, Dardevet D, Huang T, Zhao Y, Shang H, Yang Y, Ding X, Zhang C, Wang H, Liu S, Su Q, Zanchi NE. Effects of oat protein supplementation on skeletal muscle damage, inflammation and performance recovery following downhill running in untrained collegiate men. Food Funct 2019; 9:4720-4729. [PMID: 30094437 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00786a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The positive influence of animal-based protein supplementation during muscle-damaging exercise has been widely studied. However, the effects of plant-based proteins remain unclear and require further clarification. This study investigated the protective role of oat protein against exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD), subsequent inflammation, and loss of performance induced by downhill running. Subjects consumed either oat protein (25 g protein) or a placebo for 14 days prior to a downhill running test and then for 4 days thereafter. Treatments with oat protein for 19 days markedly alleviated eccentric exercise induced skeletal muscle soreness, and reduced the elevation of plasma IL-6 concentrations and serum creatine kinase, myoglobin and C reactive protein contents. In addition, oat protein supplementation significantly inhibited limb edema following damaging exercise, and the adverse effects on muscle strength, knee-joint range of motion, and vertical jump performance were lessened. Furthermore, the administration of oat protein facilitated recovery from exhaustive downhill running in this study. These findings demonstrated that oat protein supplementation has the potential to alleviate the negative effects of eccentric exercise in untrained young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Xia
- Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Physical Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
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15
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Barre DE, Mizier-Barre KA. Lignans' Potential in Pre and Post-onset Type 2 Diabetes Management. Curr Diabetes Rev 2019; 16:2-11. [PMID: 30215336 DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180914094520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) cases continue to rise dramatically despite efforts to get people to exercise and eat with a view to health and combatting the cluster of 7 issues (central obesity (elevated waist circumference), hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombotic state, increased oxidation (including Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL)) and the pro-inflammatory state associated with pre- and post-onset T2D. BACKGROUND There are numerous medications available to deal with these seven major issues. However, each medication currently available manages a maximum of two cluster members at a time. Consequently, polypharmacy is frequently required to manage the cluster of seven. Polypharmacy brings with it high financial costs for numerous medications, the risk of poor compliance (particularly so in older patients), side effects and drug interactions. Thus, there is a search for new agents that reduce the high costs and risks of polypharmacy while at the same time combatting three or more of the cluster of seven. There is very limited evidence to suggest that one or more lignans may efficaciously and safely, in the short and long term, manage at least three of the cluster of seven, pre- and post-T2D onset, thus reducing polypharmacy. However, multi-centre, large clinical trials are required before any definitive conclusions about these lignans can be reached regarding their safe and efficacious polypharmacy reduction potential, both long and short-term, in pre and post-onset T2D management. CONCLUSION It is concluded that some lignans appear to have the potential to manage at least three members of the cluster of seven in pre- or post-T2D onset and hence reduce polypharmacy but much more investigation is required to confirm if such is the case. At the moment, there is not enough evidence that any of the lignans will, in the long or short term, safely and efficaciously manage the cluster of seven via polypharmacy reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Edward Barre
- Department of Health Sciences, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada
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16
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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Di Y, Li Q, Shao D, Shi J, Huang Q. Antitumor activity of Pinoresinol in vitro: Inducing apoptosis and inhibiting HepG2 invasion. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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17
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Zanella I, Biasiotto G, Holm F, di Lorenzo D. Cereal Lignans, Natural Compounds of Interest for Human Health? Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals are suggested to be the most important sources of lignan in the diets of western populations. Recent epidemiological studies show that European subpopulations in which the major source of lignans are cereals, display lower disease frequency regarding metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The biological mechanisms of lignan are several. Beyond their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions at nutritional doses some lignans regulate the activity of specific nuclear receptors (NRs), such as the estrogen receptors (ERs), and also NRs that are central switches in glucose and fatty acid metabolism such as PPARα, PPARγ and LXRs, highlighting them as selective nuclear receptor modulators (SNRMs). These include enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL), the metabolites produced by the gut microbiota from food lignans. The available knowledge suggests that given some additional research it should be possible to make ‘function' claims for a regular intake of lignans-rich foods related to maintaining a healthy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Zanella
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Biasiotto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Finn Holm
- Foodgroup Denmark, Rugårdsvej 14 A1, Dk-8400 Ebeltoft, Denmark
| | - Diego di Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Civic Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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18
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Hajdu Z, Haskó J, Krizbai IA, Wilhelm I, Jedlinszki N, Fazakas C, Molnár J, Forgo P, Hohmann J, Csupor D. Evaluation of Lignans from Heliopsis helianthoides var. scabra for Their Potential Antimetastatic Effects in the Brain. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2641-50. [PMID: 25479041 DOI: 10.1021/np500508y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Hajdu
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Haskó
- Institute
of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István A. Krizbai
- Institute
of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute
of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad 310414, Romania
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute
of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Csilla Fazakas
- Institute
of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Molnár
- Institute
of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Forgo
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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