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Mamone S, Glöggler S, Becker S, Rezaei-Ghaleh N. Early Divergence in Misfolding Pathways of Amyloid-Beta Peptides. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2158-2163. [PMID: 34355840 PMCID: PMC8596873 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that amyloid‐beta (Aβ) aggregation is the initial triggering event in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we utilize NMR spectroscopy and monitor the structural dynamics of two variants of Aβ, Aβ40 and Aβ42, as a function of temperature. Despite having identical amino acid sequence except for the two additional C‐terminal residues, Aβ42 has higher aggregation propensity than Aβ40. As revealed by the NMR data on dynamics, including backbone chemical shifts, intra‐methyl cross‐correlated relaxation rates and glycine‐based singlet‐states, the C‐terminal region of Aβ, especially the G33‐L34‐M35 segment, plays a particular role in the early steps of temperature‐induced Aβ aggregation. In Aβ42, the distinct dynamical behaviour of C‐terminal residues at higher temperatures is accompanied with marked changes in the backbone dynamics of residues V24‐K28. The distinctive role of the C‐terminal region of Aβ42 in the initiation of aggregation defines a target for the rational design of Aβ42 aggregation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Mamone
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Teleanu F, Vasos PR. Mechanisms of coherent re-arrangement for long-lived spin order. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2021; 2:741-749. [PMID: 37905221 PMCID: PMC10539845 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-741-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived spin order-based approaches for magnetic resonance rely on the transition between two magnetic environments of different symmetries, one governed by the magnetic field of the spectrometer and the other where this strong magnetic field is inconsequential. Research on the excitation of magnetic-symmetry transitions in nuclear spins is a scientific field that debuted in Southampton in the year 2000. We advanced in this field carrying the baggage of pre-established directions in NMR spectroscopy. We propose to reveal herein the part of discoveries that may have been obscured by our choice to only look at them through the experience of such pre-established directions at the time. The methodological developments that are emphasised herein are the mechanisms of translation between the symmetric and non-symmetric environments with respect to the main magnetic field B 0 . More specifically, we look again thoroughly at zero-quantum rotations in the starting blocks of long-lived state populations, magnetisation transfers between hyperpolarised heteronuclei, and protons. These pulse sequences seed subsequent magnetic mechanisms that contribute to further applications. For instance, we show how some of the introduced coherence rotations were combined with classical pulse blocks to obtain two-dimensional correlations between protons and heteronuclei. We hope the pulse sequence building blocks discussed herein will open further perspectives for magnetic resonance experiments with long-lived spin order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Teleanu
- Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), Horia Hulubei National Institute for
Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125
Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
- Interdisciplinary School of Doctoral Studies, University of
Bucharest, Blvd. Regina Elisabeta, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul R. Vasos
- Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), Horia Hulubei National Institute for
Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125
Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
- Interdisciplinary School of Doctoral Studies, University of
Bucharest, Blvd. Regina Elisabeta, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Teleanu F, Sadet A, Vasos PR. Symmetry versus entropy: Long-lived states and coherences. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 122:63-75. [PMID: 33632418 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, new molecular symmetry-based approaches for magnetic resonance have been invented. The implications of these discoveries will be significant for molecular imaging via magnetic resonance, in vitro as well as in vivo, for quantum computing and for other fields. Since the initial observation in 2004 in Southampton that effective spin symmetry can be instilled in a molecule during magnetic resonance experiments, spin states that are resilient to relaxation mechanisms have been increasingly used. Most of these states are related to the nuclear singlet in a pair of J-coupled spins. Tailored relaxation rate constants for magnetization became available in molecules of different sizes and structures, as experimental developments broadened the scope of symmetry-adapted spin states. The ensuing access to timescales longer than the classically-attained ones by circa one order of magnitude allows the study of processes such as slow diffusion or slow exchange that were previously beyond reach. Long-lived states formed by differences between populations of singlets and triplets have overcome the limitations imposed by longitudinal relaxation times (T1) by factors up to 40. Long-lived coherences formed by superpositions of singlets and triplets have overcome the limit of classical transverse coherence (T2) by a factor 9. We present here an overview of the development and applications of long-lived states (LLS) and long-lived coherences (LLC's) and considerations on future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Teleanu
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania; College for Advanced Performance Studies, Babeș-Bolyai University, Mihail Kogălniceanu Street 1, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Interdisciplinary School of Doctoral Studies, University of Bucharest, B-dul Regina Elisabeta, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aude Sadet
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
| | - Paul R Vasos
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, RO-077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania; Interdisciplinary School of Doctoral Studies, University of Bucharest, B-dul Regina Elisabeta, Bucharest, Romania.
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Mamone S, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Opazo F, Griesinger C, Glöggler S. Singlet-filtered NMR spectroscopy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz1955. [PMID: 32128422 PMCID: PMC7034991 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Selectively studying parts of proteins and metabolites in tissue with nuclear magnetic resonance promises new insights into molecular structures or diagnostic approaches. Nuclear spin singlet states allow the selection of signals from chemical moieties of interest in proteins or metabolites while suppressing background signal. This selection process is based on the electron-mediated coupling between two nuclear spins and their difference in resonance frequency. We introduce a generalized and versatile pulsed NMR experiment that allows populating singlet states on a broad scale of coupling patterns. This approach allowed us to filter signals from proton pairs in the Alzheimer's disease-related b-amyloid 40 peptide and in metabolites in brain matter. In particular, for glutamine/glutamate, we have discovered a long-lived state in tissue without the typically required singlet sustaining by radiofrequency irradiation. We believe that these findings will open up new opportunities to study metabolites with a view on future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Mamone
- NMR Signal Enhancement Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, AmFaßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Straße 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Opazo
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Straße 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- NMR Signal Enhancement Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, AmFaßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG, Von-Siebold-Straße 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Nastasa V, Stavarache C, Hanganu A, Coroaba A, Nicolescu A, Deleanu C, Sadet A, Vasos PR. Hyperpolarised NMR to follow water proton transport through membrane channels via exchange with biomolecules. Faraday Discuss 2019; 209:67-82. [PMID: 29989626 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00021b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Water uptake in vesicles and the subsequent exchange between water protons and amide -NH protons in amino acids can be followed by a new, highly sensitive, type of magnetic resonance spectroscopy: dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP)-enhanced NMR in the liquid state. Water hydrogen atoms are detected prior to and after their transfer to molecular sites in peptides and proteins featuring highly-accessible proton-exchangeable groups, as is the case for the -NH groups of intrinsically disordered proteins. The detected rates for amide proton-water proton exchange can be modulated by membrane-crossing rates, when a membrane channel is interposed. We hyperpolarised water proton spins via dynamic nuclear polarisation followed by sample dissolution (d-DNP) and transferred the created polarisation to -NH groups with high solvent accessibility in an intrinsically disordered protein domain. This domain is the membrane anchor of c-Src kinase, whose activity controls cell proliferation. The hindrance of effective water proton transfer rate constants observed in free solvent when a membrane-crossing step is involved is discussed. This study aims to assess the feasibility of recently-introduced hyperpolarised (DNP-enhanced) NMR to assess water membrane crossing dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorel Nastasa
- Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Horia Hulubei Institute for Nuclear Physics (IFIN-HH), Reactorului Str., 30, Magurele Campus, Bucharest, Romania.
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Kiryutin AS, Zimmermann H, Yurkovskaya AV, Vieth HM, Ivanov KL. Long-lived spin states as a source of contrast in magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2015; 261:64-72. [PMID: 26529204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A method is proposed to create Long-Lived spin States (LLSs) from longitudinal spin magnetization, which is based on adiabatic switching of a Radio-Frequency (RF) field with proper frequency. The technique is simple to implement with standard Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) equipment, providing an excellent conversion of population from the triplet T+ (or T-) state to the singlet state of a pair of spins and back. The method has been tested for the amino acid tyrosine and its partially deuterated isotopomer; for the deuterated compound, we have achieved a LLS lifetime, which exceeds the longitudinal relaxation time by a factor of 21. Furthermore, by slightly modifying the method, an enhanced contrast with respect to LLSs in NMR spectra is achieved; contrast enhancements of more than 1200 are feasible. This enables efficient suppression of longitudinal spin magnetization in NMR allowing one to look selectively at LLSs. Using this method we have demonstrated that not only spectral but also spatial contrast can be achieved: we have obtained spatial NMR images with strongly improved contrast originating from the difference of LLS lifetimes at different positions in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Herbert Zimmermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Hans-Martin Vieth
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Konstantin L Ivanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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Tompa P, Schad E, Tantos A, Kalmar L. Intrinsically disordered proteins: emerging interaction specialists. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2015; 35:49-59. [PMID: 26402567 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins or regions of proteins (IDPs/IDRs) most often function through protein-protein interactions, when they permanently or transiently bind partner molecules with diverse functional consequences. There is a rapid advance in our understanding of the ensuing functional modes, obtained from describing atomic details of individual complexes, proteome-wide studies of interactomes and characterizing loosely assembled hydrogels and tightly packed amyloids. Here we briefly survey the most important recent methodological developments and structural-functional observations, with the aim of increasing the general appreciation of IDPs/IDRs as 'interaction specialists'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tompa
- VIB Structural Biology Research Center (SBRC), Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Eva Schad
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agnes Tantos
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kalmar
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Hill-Cousins JT, Pop IA, Pileio G, Stevanato G, Håkansson P, Roy SS, Levitt MH, Brown LJ, Brown RCD. Synthesis of an isotopically labeled naphthalene derivative that supports a long-lived nuclear singlet state. Org Lett 2015; 17:2150-3. [PMID: 25898076 PMCID: PMC4516318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The synthesis of an octa-alkoxy substituted
isotopically labeled
naphthalene derivative, shown to have excellent properties in singlet
NMR experiments, is described. This highly substituted naphthalene
system, which incorporates an adjacent 13C spin pair, is
readily accessed from a commercially available 13C2-labeled building block via sequential thermal alkynyl- and
arylcyclobutenone rearrangements. The synthetic route incorporates
a simple desymmetrization approach leading to a small difference in
the chemical shifts of the 13C spin pair, a design constraint
crucial for accessing nuclear singlet order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Hill-Cousins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Ionut-Alexandru Pop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Giuseppe Pileio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Gabriele Stevanato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Pär Håkansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Soumya S Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Malcolm H Levitt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Lynda J Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Richard C D Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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Sadet A, Fernandes L, Kateb F, Balzan R, Vasos PR. Long-lived coherences: Improved dispersion in the frequency domain using continuous-wave and reduced-power windowed sustaining irradiation. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054203. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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