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Saccaro LF, Tassone M, Tozzi F, Rutigliano G. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of N-acetyl aspartate in first depressive episode and chronic major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:265-282. [PMID: 38554884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) is a marker of neuronal integrity and metabolism. Deficiency in neuronal plasticity and hypometabolism are implicated in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) pathophysiology. To test if cerebral NAA concentrations decrease progressively over the MDD course, we conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies comparing NAA concentrations in chronic MDD (n = 1308) and first episode of depression (n = 242) patients to healthy controls (HC, n = 1242). Sixty-two studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effect model for each brain region. NAA concentrations were significantly reduced in chronic MDD compared to HC within the frontal lobe (Hedges' g = -0.330; p = 0.018), the occipital lobe (Hedges' g = -0.677; p = 0.007), thalamus (Hedges' g = -0.673; p = 0.016), and frontal (Hedges' g = -0.471; p = 0.034) and periventricular white matter (Hedges' g = -0.478; p = 0.047). We highlighted a gap of knowledge regarding NAA levels in first episode of depression patients. Sensitivity analyses indicated that antidepressant treatment may reverse NAA alterations in the frontal lobe. We highlighted field strength and correction for voxel grey matter as moderators of NAA levels detection. Future studies should assess NAA alterations in the early stages of the illness and their longitudinal progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Matteo Tassone
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Tozzi
- Bio@SNS laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Rutigliano
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, MRI Steiner Unit, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Hui SC, Murali-Manohar S, Zöllner HJ, Hupfeld KE, Davies-Jenkins CW, Gudmundson AT, Song Y, Yedavalli V, Wisnowski JL, Gagoski B, Oeltzschner G, Edden RA. Integrated Short-TE and Hadamard-edited Multi-Sequence (ISTHMUS) for Advanced MRS. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.15.580516. [PMID: 38659947 PMCID: PMC11042202 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.15.580516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background To examine data quality and reproducibility using ISTHMUS, which has been implemented as the standardized MR spectroscopy sequence for the multi-site Healthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study. Methods ISTHMUS is the consecutive acquisition of short-TE PRESS (32 transients) and long-TE HERCULES (224 transients) data with dual-TE water reference scans. Voxels were positioned in the centrum semiovale, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and bilateral thalamus regions. After acquisition, ISTHMUS data were separated into the PRESS and HERCULES portions for analysis and modeled separately using Osprey. In vivo experiments were performed in 10 healthy volunteers (6 female; 29.5±6.6 years). Each volunteer underwent two scans on the same day. Differences in metabolite measurements were examined. T2 correction based on the dual-TE water integrals were compared with: 1) T2 correction based the default white matter and gray matter T2 reference values in Osprey; 2) shorter WM and GM T2 values from recent literature; and 3) reduced CSF fractions. Results No significant difference in linewidth was observed between PRESS and HERCULES. Bilateral thalamus spectra had produced significantly higher (p<0.001) linewidth compared to the other three regions. Linewidth measurements were similar between scans, with scan-to-scan differences under 1 Hz for most subjects. Paired t-tests indicated a significant difference only in PRESS NAAG between the two thalamus scans (p=0.002). T2 correction based on shorter T2 values showed better agreement to the dual-TE water integral ratio. Conclusions ISTHMUS facilitated and standardized acquisition and post-processing and reduced operator workload to eliminate potential human error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve C.N. Hui
- Developing Brain Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C. USA
- Departments of Radiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C. USA
- Departments of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C. USA
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron T. Gudmundson
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Yedavalli
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica L Wisnowski
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Maier S, Nickel K, Lange T, Oeltzschner G, Dacko M, Endres D, Runge K, Schumann A, Domschke K, Rousos M, Tebartz van Elst L. Increased cerebral lactate levels in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared to non-autistic controls: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Mol Autism 2023; 14:44. [PMID: 37978557 PMCID: PMC10655272 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a heterogeneous group with varied phenotypes and etiologies. Identifying pathogenic subgroups could facilitate targeted treatments. One promising avenue is investigating energy metabolism, as mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a subgroup of ASD. Lactate, an indicator of energy metabolic anomalies, may serve as a potential biomarker for this subgroup. This study aimed to examine cerebral lactate (Lac+) levels in high-functioning adults with ASD, hypothesizing elevated mean Lac+ concentrations in contrast to neurotypical controls (NTCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to study cerebral Lac+ in 71 adults with ASD and NTC, focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). After quality control, 64 ASD and 58 NTC participants remained. Lac+ levels two standard deviations above the mean of the control group were considered elevated. RESULTS Mean PCC Lac+ levels were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the NTC group (p = 0.028; Cohen's d = 0.404), and 9.4% of the ASD group had elevated levels as compared to 0% of the NTCs (p = 0.029). No significant correlation was found between blood serum lactate levels and MRS-derived Lac+ levels. LIMITATIONS A cautious interpretation of our results is warranted due to a p value of 0.028. In addition, a higher than anticipated proportion of data sets had to be excluded due to poor spectral quality. CONCLUSION This study confirms the presence of elevated cerebral Lac+ levels in a subgroup of adults with ASD, suggesting the potential of lactate as a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction in a subgroup of ASD. The lower-than-expected prevalence (20% was expected) and moderate increase require further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and relationships with mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Dacko
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kimon Runge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anke Schumann
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michalis Rousos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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Gudmundson AT, Koo A, Virovka A, Amirault AL, Soo M, Cho JH, Oeltzschner G, Edden RAE, Stark CEL. Meta-analysis and open-source database for in vivo brain Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy in health and disease. Anal Biochem 2023; 676:115227. [PMID: 37423487 PMCID: PMC10561665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Proton (1H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo. Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data. As ground-truths are rarely available for in vivo measurements, data simulations have become an important tool. The diverse literature of metabolite measurements has made it challenging to define ranges to be used within simulations. Especially for the development of deep learning and machine learning algorithms, simulations must be able to produce accurate spectra capturing all the nuances of in vivo data. Therefore, we sought to determine the physiological ranges and relaxation rates of brain metabolites which can be used both in data simulations and as reference estimates. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we've identified relevant MRS research articles and created an open-source database containing methods, results, and other article information as a resource. Using this database, expectation values and ranges for metabolite concentrations and T2 relaxation times are established based upon a meta-analyses of healthy and diseased brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Gudmundson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annie Koo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anna Virovka
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa L Amirault
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Madelene Soo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn H Cho
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Craig E L Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Gudmundson AT, Koo A, Virovka A, Amirault AL, Soo M, Cho JH, Oeltzschner G, Edden RA, Stark C. Meta-analysis and Open-source Database for In Vivo Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Health and Disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.10.528046. [PMID: 37205343 PMCID: PMC10187197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Proton ( 1 H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive tool capable of quantifying brain metabolite concentrations in vivo . Prioritization of standardization and accessibility in the field has led to the development of universal pulse sequences, methodological consensus recommendations, and the development of open-source analysis software packages. One on-going challenge is methodological validation with ground-truth data. As ground-truths are rarely available for in vivo measurements, data simulations have become an important tool. The diverse literature of metabolite measurements has made it challenging to define ranges to be used within simulations. Especially for the development of deep learning and machine learning algorithms, simulations must be able to produce accurate spectra capturing all the nuances of in vivo data. Therefore, we sought to determine the physiological ranges and relaxation rates of brain metabolites which can be used both in data simulations and as reference estimates. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we've identified relevant MRS research articles and created an open-source database containing methods, results, and other article information as a resource. Using this database, expectation values and ranges for metabolite concentrations and T 2 relaxation times are established based upon a meta-analyses of healthy and diseased brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T. Gudmundson
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Annie Koo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Anna Virovka
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Alyssa L. Amirault
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Madelene Soo
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jocelyn H. Cho
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard A.E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Craig Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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El-Abtah ME, Talati P, Fu M, Chun B, Clark P, Peters A, Ranasinghe A, He J, Rapalino O, Batchelor TT, Gilberto Gonzalez R, Curry WT, Dietrich J, Gerstner ER, Ratai EM. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy outperforms perfusion in distinguishing between pseudoprogression and disease progression in patients with glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac128. [PMID: 36071927 PMCID: PMC9446677 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is a need to establish biomarkers that distinguish between pseudoprogression (PsP) and true tumor progression in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) treated with chemoradiation.
Methods
We analyzed magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MR perfusion data in patients with GBM with PsP or disease progression after chemoradiation. MRSI metabolites of interest included intratumoral choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), lactate (Lac), and creatine on the contralateral hemisphere (c-Cr). Student T-tests and area under the ROC curve analyses were used to detect group differences in metabolic ratios and their ability to predict clinical status, respectively.
Results
28 subjects (63 ± 9 years, 19 men) were evaluated. Subjects with true progression (n = 20) had decreased enhancing region mI/c-Cr (P = .011), a marker for more aggressive tumors, compared to those with PsP, which predicted tumor progression (AUC: 0.84 [0.76, 0.92]). Those with true progression had elevated Lac/Glx (P = .0009), a proxy of the Warburg effect, compared to those with PsP which predicted tumor progression (AUC: 0.84 [0.75, 0.92]). Cho/c-Cr did not distinguish between PsP and true tumor progression. Despite rCBV (AUC: 0.70 [0.60, 0.80]) and rCBF (AUC: 0.75 [0.65, 0.84]) being individually predictive of tumor response, they added no additional predictive value when combined with MRSI metabolic markers.
Conclusions
Incorporating enhancing lesion MRSI measures of mI/c-Cr and Lac/Glx into brain tumor imaging protocols can distinguish between PsP and true progression and inform patient management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E El-Abtah
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Pratik Talati
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Melanie Fu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Benjamin Chun
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Patrick Clark
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Anna Peters
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Anthony Ranasinghe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Julian He
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Otto Rapalino
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Neurosciences Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - R Gilberto Gonzalez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - William T Curry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Elizabeth R Gerstner
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Charlestown, Massachusetts , USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
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7
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Roalf DR, Sydnor VJ, Woods M, Wolk DA, Scott JC, Reddy R, Moberg PJ. A quantitative meta-analysis of brain glutamate metabolites in aging. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 95:240-249. [PMID: 32866885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (Glu) is a key molecule in cellular metabolism, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and the principal neurotransmitter of cortical efferents. Glutamate dysfunction, on the other hand, is common in neurodegenerative disorders, and likely contributes to age-related declines in behavioral and cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, the extant literature measuring age-related changes in brain glutamate in vivo has yet to be comprehensively and quantitatively summarized. This meta-analysis examines proton spectroscopy (1HMRS) measures of Glu-related brain metabolites across 589 healthy young and older adults. Glu (Cohen's d = -0.82) and Glu+glutamine (Cohen's d = -0.51) concentrations were significantly lower in older compared with younger adults, whereas the concentration of glutamine (d = 0.43) was significantly higher in older individuals. Notably, 1HMRS methodological choices impacted effect sizes for age-related Glu differences. Glu metabolite change appears to be a robust marker of aging-related neurological change; however, additional studies are needed to elucidate age-related trajectories of glutamatergic alterations and their relationship to cognitive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Valerie J Sydnor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Madison Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Cobb Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; VISN4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center at the Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul J Moberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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8
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Müller CA, Hundshammer C, Braeuer M, Skinner JG, Berner S, Leupold J, Düwel S, Nekolla SG, Månsson S, Hansen AE, von Elverfeldt D, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Schilling F, Schwaiger M, Hennig J, Hövener JB. Dynamic 2D and 3D mapping of hyperpolarized pyruvate to lactate conversion in vivo with efficient multi-echo balanced steady-state free precession at 3 T. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4291. [PMID: 32154970 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to acquire the transient MRI signal of hyperpolarized tracers and their metabolites efficiently, for which specialized imaging sequences are required. In this work, a multi-echo balanced steady-state free precession (me-bSSFP) sequence with Iterative Decomposition with Echo Asymmetry and Least squares estimation (IDEAL) reconstruction was implemented on a clinical 3 T positron-emission tomography/MRI system for fast 2D and 3D metabolic imaging. Simulations were conducted to obtain signal-efficient sequence protocols for the metabolic imaging of hyperpolarized biomolecules. The sequence was applied in vitro and in vivo for probing the enzymatic exchange of hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate and [1-13 C]lactate. Chemical shift resolution was achieved using a least-square, iterative chemical species separation algorithm in the reconstruction. In vitro, metabolic conversion rate measurements from me-bSSFP were compared with NMR spectroscopy and free induction decay-chemical shift imaging (FID-CSI). In vivo, a rat MAT-B-III tumor model was imaged with me-bSSFP and FID-CSI. 2D metabolite maps of [1-13 C]pyruvate and [1-13 C]lactate acquired with me-bSSFP showed the same spatial distributions as FID-CSI. The pyruvate-lactate conversion kinetics measured with me-bSSFP and NMR corresponded well. Dynamic 2D metabolite mapping with me-bSSFP enabled the acquisition of up to 420 time frames (scan time: 180-350 ms/frame) before the hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate was relaxed below noise level. 3D metabolite mapping with a large field of view (180 × 180 × 48 mm3 ) and high spatial resolution (5.6 × 5.6 × 2 mm3 ) was conducted with me-bSSFP in a scan time of 8.2 seconds. It was concluded that Me-bSSFP improves the spatial and temporal resolution for metabolic imaging of hyperpolarized [1-13 C]pyruvate and [1-13 C]lactate compared with either of the FID-CSI or EPSI methods reported at 3 T, providing new possibilities for clinical and preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Müller
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partnersite Freiburg, German Center for Cancer Research (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Hundshammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Miriam Braeuer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason G Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Berner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partnersite Freiburg, German Center for Cancer Research (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Leupold
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Düwel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan G Nekolla
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Månsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Adam E Hansen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominik von Elverfeldt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hennig
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Germany
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9
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Maul S, Giegling I, Rujescu D. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Common Dementias-Current Status and Perspectives. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:769. [PMID: 32848938 PMCID: PMC7424040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia occurs mainly in the elderly and is associated with cognitive decline and impairment of activities of daily living. The most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). To date, there are no causal options for therapy, but drug and non-drug treatments can positively modulate the course of the disease. Valid biomarkers are needed for the earliest possible and reliable diagnosis, but so far, such biomarkers have only been established for AD and require invasive and expensive procedures. In this context, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) provides a non-invasive and widely available technique for investigating the biochemical milieu of brain tissue in vivo. Numerous studies have been conducted for AD, but for VD, DLB, and FTD the number of studies is limited. Nevertheless, MRS can detect measurable metabolic alterations in common dementias. However, most of the studies conducted are too heterogeneous to assess the potential use of MRS technology in clinical applications. In the future, technological advances may increase the value of MRS in dementia diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the results of MRS studies conducted in common dementias and discusses the reasons for the lack of transfer into clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Maul
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Ina Giegling
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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10
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Motyka S, Moser P, Hingerl L, Hangel G, Heckova E, Strasser B, Eckstein K, Daniel Robinson S, Poser BA, Gruber S, Trattnig S, Bogner W. The influence of spatial resolution on the spectral quality and quantification accuracy of whole-brain MRSI at 1.5T, 3T, 7T, and 9.4T. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:551-565. [PMID: 30932248 PMCID: PMC6563461 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inhomogeneities in the static magnetic field (B0 ) deteriorate MRSI data quality by lowering the spectral resolution and SNR. MRSI with low spatial resolution is also prone to lipid bleeding. These problems are increasingly problematic at ultra-high fields. An approach to tackling these challenges independent of B0 -shim hardware is to increase the spatial resolution. Therefore, we investigated the effect of improved spatial resolution on spectral quality and quantification at 4 field strengths. METHODS Whole-brain MRSI data was simulated for 3 spatial resolutions and 4 B0 s based on experimentally acquired MRI data and simulated free induction decay signals of metabolites and lipids. To compare the spectral quality and quantification, we derived SNR normalized to the voxel size (nSNR), linewidth and metabolite concentration ratios, their Cramer-Rao-lower-bounds (CRLBs), and the absolute percentage error (APE) of estimated concentrations compared to the gold standard for the whole-brain and 8 brain regions. RESULTS At 7T, we found up to a 3.4-fold improved nSNR (in the frontal lobe) and a 2.8-fold reduced linewidth (in the temporal lobe) for 1 cm3 versus 0.25 cm3 resolution. This effect was much more pronounced at higher and less homogenous B0 (1.6-fold improved nSNR and 1.8-fold improved linewidth in the parietal lobe at 3T). This had direct implications for quantification: the volume of reliably quantified spectra increased with resolution by 1.2-fold and 1.5-fold (when thresholded by CRLBs or APE, respectively). CONCLUSION MRSI data quality benefits from increased spatial resolution particularly at higher B0 , and leads to more reliable metabolite quantification. In conjunction with the development of better B0 shimming hardware, this will enable robust whole-brain MRSI at ultra-high field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Motyka
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Hingerl
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gilbert Hangel
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Heckova
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Korbinian Eckstein
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Daniel Robinson
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt A Poser
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stephan Gruber
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Landheer K, Schulte RF, Treacy MS, Swanberg KM, Juchem C. Theoretical description of modern1H in Vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic pulse sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1008-1029. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Landheer
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | | | - Michael S. Treacy
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Kelley M. Swanberg
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
- Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York USA
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12
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Lee HH, Kim H. Intact metabolite spectrum mining by deep learning in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the brain. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:33-48. [PMID: 30860291 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a robust method for brain metabolite quantification in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) that maps in vivo brain spectra that are typically degraded by low SNR, line broadening, and spectral baseline into noise-free, line-narrowed, baseline-removed intact metabolite spectra. METHODS A CNN was trained (n = 40 000) and tested (n = 5000) on simulated brain spectra with wide ranges of SNR (6.90-20.74) and linewidth (10-20 Hz). The CNN was further tested on in vivo spectra (n = 40) from five healthy volunteers with substantially different SNR, and the results were compared with those from the LCModel analysis. A Student t test was performed for the comparison. RESULTS Using the proposed method the mean-absolute-percent-errors (MAPEs) in the estimated metabolite concentrations were 12.49% ± 4.35% for aspartate, creatine (Cr), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glucose, glutamine, glutamate, glutathione (GSH), myo-Inositol (mI), N-acetylaspartate, phosphocreatine (PCr), phosphorylethanolamine, and taurine over the whole simulated spectra in the test set. The metabolite concentrations estimated from in vivo spectra were close to the reported ranges for the proposed method and the LCModel analysis except mI, GSH, and especially Cr/PCr for the LCModel analysis, and phosphorylcholine to glycerophosphorylcholine ratio (PC/GPC) for both methods. The metabolite concentrations estimated across the in vivo spectra with different SNR were less variable with the proposed method (~10% or less) than with the LCModel analysis. CONCLUSION The robust performance of the proposed method against low SNR may allow a subminute 1 H-MRS of human brain, which is an important technical development for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Hun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Godfrey KEM, Gardner AC, Kwon S, Chea W, Muthukumaraswamy SD. Differences in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter levels between depressed patients and healthy controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 105:33-44. [PMID: 30144668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and/or glutamate neurotransmitter systems have increasingly been implicated in the aetiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). It has been proposed that alterations in GABA and/or glutamate result in an imbalance of inhibition and excitation. In a review of the current literature, we identified studies using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to examine the neurotransmitters GABA, glutamate, and the composite glutamate/glutamine measure Glx in patients diagnosed with MDD and healthy controls. Results showed patients with MDD had significantly lower GABA levels compared to controls (-0.35 [-0.61,-0.10], p = 0.007). No significant difference was found between levels of glutamate. Sub-analyses were performed, including only studies where the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) was the region of interest. GABA and Glx levels were lower in the ACC of MDD patients (-0.56 [-0.93,-0.18] p = 0.004, and 0.40 [-0.81,0.01] p = 0.05). This review indicates widespread cortical reduction of GABA in MDD, with a trend towards a localised reduction of Glx in the ACC. However, given both GABA and glutamate appear decreased a simple interpretation in terms of an imbalance of overall excitation-inhibition is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E M Godfrey
- The University of Auckland, School of Pharmacy, 85 Park Road, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.
| | - Abby C Gardner
- The University of Auckland, School of Pharmacy, 85 Park Road, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Kwon
- The University of Auckland, School of Pharmacy, 85 Park Road, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - William Chea
- The University of Auckland, School of Pharmacy, 85 Park Road, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
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14
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Mohamed M, Barker PB, Skolasky RL, Sacktor N. 7T Brain MRS in HIV Infection: Correlation with Cognitive Impairment and Performance on Neuropsychological Tests. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:704-712. [PMID: 29449278 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Validated neuroimaging markers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder in patients on antiretroviral therapy are urgently needed for clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cognitive impairment and brain metabolism in older subjects with HIV infection. It was hypothesized that MR spectroscopy measurements related to neuronal health and function (particularly N-acetylaspartate and glutamate) would be lower in HIV-positive subjects with worse cognitive performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five HIV-positive patients (mean age, 58.9 ± 5.3 years; 33 men) underwent detailed neuropsychological testing and brain MR spectroscopy at 7T. Twenty-four subjects were classified as having asymptomatic cognitive impairment, and 21 were classified as having symptomatic cognitive impairment. Single-voxel proton MR spectra were acquired from 5 brain regions and quantified using LCModel software. Brain metabolites and neuropsychological test results were compared using nonparametric statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS Differences in brain metabolites were found between symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects, with the main findings being lower measures of N-acetylaspartate in the frontal white matter, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus. In the precuneus, glutamate was also lower in the symptomatic group. In the frontal white matter, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex, NAA and glutamate measurements showed significant positive correlation with better performance on neuropsychological tests. CONCLUSIONS Compared with asymptomatic subjects, symptomatic HIV-positive subjects had lower levels of NAA and glutamate, most notably in the frontal white matter, which also correlated with performance on neuropsychological tests. High-field MR spectroscopy offers insight into the pathophysiology associated with cognitive impairment in HIV and may be useful as a quantitative outcome measure in future treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mohamed
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.M., P.B.B.)
| | - P B Barker
- From the Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (M.M., P.B.B.).,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (P.B.B.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging (P.B.B.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R L Skolasky
- Departments of Neurology (R.L.S., N.S.).,Orthopedic Surgery (R.L.S.)
| | - N Sacktor
- Departments of Neurology (R.L.S., N.S.)
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15
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Gruber S, Heckova E, Strasser B, Považan M, Hangel GJ, Minarikova L, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Mapping an Extended Neurochemical Profile at 3 and 7 T Using Accelerated High-Resolution Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging. Invest Radiol 2017; 52:631-9. [DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Zarinabad N, Abernethy LJ, Avula S, Davies NP, Rodriguez Gutierrez D, Jaspan T, MacPherson L, Mitra D, Rose HEL, Wilson M, Morgan PS, Bailey S, Pizer B, Arvanitis TN, Grundy RG, Auer DP, Peet A. Application of pattern recognition techniques for classification of pediatric brain tumors by in vivo 3T 1 H-MR spectroscopy-A multi-center study. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2359-2366. [PMID: 28786132 PMCID: PMC5850456 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose 3T magnetic resonance scanners have boosted clinical application of 1H‐MR spectroscopy (MRS) by offering an improved signal‐to‐noise ratio and increased spectral resolution, thereby identifying more metabolites and extending the range of metabolic information. Spectroscopic data from clinical 1.5T MR scanners has been shown to discriminate between pediatric brain tumors by applying machine learning techniques to further aid diagnosis. The purpose of this multi‐center study was to investigate the discriminative potential of metabolite profiles obtained from 3T scanners in classifying pediatric brain tumors. Methods A total of 41 pediatric patients with brain tumors (17 medulloblastomas, 20 pilocytic astrocytomas, and 4 ependymomas) were scanned across four different hospitals. Raw spectroscopy data were processed using TARQUIN. Borderline synthetic minority oversampling technique was used to correct for the data skewness. Different classifiers were trained using linear discriminative analysis, support vector machine, and random forest techniques. Results Support vector machine had the highest balanced accuracy for discriminating the three tumor types. The balanced accuracy achieved was higher than the balanced accuracy previously reported for similar multi‐center dataset from 1.5T magnets with echo time 20 to 32 ms alone. Conclusion This study showed that 3T MRS can detect key differences in metabolite profiles for the main types of childhood tumors. Magn Reson Med 79:2359–2366, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Zarinabad
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence J Abernethy
- Department of Radiology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Shivaram Avula
- Department of Radiology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel P Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Imaging and Medical Physics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Rodriguez Gutierrez
- The Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Medical Physics, Nottingham University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Jaspan
- The Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Neuroradiology, Nottingham University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dipayan Mitra
- Neuroradiology Department, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Heather E L Rose
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S Morgan
- The Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Medical Physics, Nottingham University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Radiological Sciences, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Bailey
- Paediatric Oncology Department, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Barry Pizer
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Theodoros N Arvanitis
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Institute of Digital Healthcare, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G Grundy
- The Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothee P Auer
- The Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Neuroradiology, Nottingham University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Radiological Sciences, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Peet
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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17
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Gondim Teixeira PA, Ledrich M, Kauffmann F, Wamba JM, Felblinger J, Blum A, Hossu G. Qualitative 3-T Proton MR Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Musculoskeletal Neoplasms: Update on Diagnostic Performance and Indications. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017; 208:1312-9. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.16.17285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Schreiner SJ, Kirchner T, Wyss M, Van Bergen JM, Quevenco FC, Steininger SC, Griffith EY, Meier I, Michels L, Gietl AF, Leh SE, Brickman AM, Hock C, Nitsch RM, Pruessmann KP, Henning A, Unschuld PG. Low episodic memory performance in cognitively normal elderly subjects is associated with increased posterior cingulate gray matter N-acetylaspartate: a 1H MRSI study at 7 Tesla. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 48:195-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Paul EJ, Larsen RJ, Nikolaidis A, Ward N, Hillman CH, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF, Barbey AK. Dissociable brain biomarkers of fluid intelligence. Neuroimage 2016; 137:201-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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20
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Libero LE, Reid MA, White DM, Salibi N, Lahti AC, Kana RK. Biochemistry of the cingulate cortex in autism: An MR spectroscopy study. Autism Res 2015; 9:643-57. [PMID: 26526126 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have uncovered structural and functional alterations in the cingulate cortex in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Such abnormalities may underlie neurochemical imbalance. In order to characterize the neurochemical profile, the current study examined the concentration of brain metabolites in dorsal ACC (dACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in high-functioning adults with ASD. Twenty high-functioning adults with ASD and 20 age-and-IQ-matched typically developing (TD) peers participated in this Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) study. LCModel was used in analyzing the spectra to measure the levels of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) in dACC and PCC. Groups were compared using means for the ratio of each metabolite to their respective Cr levels as well as on absolute internal-water-referenced measures of each metabolite. There was a significant increase in Cho in PCC for ASD adults, with a marginal increase in dACC. A reduction in NAA/Cr in dACC was found in ASD participants, compared to their TD peers. No significant differences in Glx/Cr or Cho/Cr were found in dACC. There were no statistically significant group differences in the absolute concentration of NAA, Cr, Glx, or NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in the PCC. Differences in the metabolic properties of dACC compared to PCC were also found. Results of this study provide evidence for possible cellular and metabolic differences in the dACC and PCC in adults with ASD. This may suggest neuronal dysfunction in these regions and may contribute to the neuropathology of ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 643-657. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Libero
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - David M White
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nouha Salibi
- MR R&D, Siemens Healthcare, Malvern, Pennsylvania
| | - Adrienne C Lahti
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rajesh K Kana
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Pradhan S, Bonekamp S, Gillen JS, Rowland LM, Wijtenburg SA, Edden RAE, Barker PB. Comparison of single voxel brain MRS AT 3T and 7T using 32-channel head coils. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:1013-8. [PMID: 26117693 PMCID: PMC4549223 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of three different regions of the human brain between 3 and 7 Tesla, using the same subjects and closely matched methodology at both field strengths. METHODS A semi-LASER (sLASER) pulse sequence with TE 32ms was used to acquire metabolite spectrum along with the water reference at 3T and 7T using similar experimental parameters and hardware at both field strengths (n=4 per region and field). Spectra were analyzed in LCModel using a simulated basis set. RESULTS Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at 7T was higher compared to 3T, and linewidths (in ppm) at both field strengths were comparable in ppm scale. Of the 13 metabolites reported in the paper, most metabolites were measured with higher precision at 7T in all three regions. CONCLUSION The study confirms gains in SNR and measurement precision at 7T in all three representative brain regions using the sLASER pulse sequence coupled with a 32-channel phased-array head coil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subechhya Pradhan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Susanne Bonekamp
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph S Gillen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Centre, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura M Rowland
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Andrea Wijtenburg
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Centre, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Song KH, Kim SY, Lee DW, Jung JY, Lee JH, Baek HM, Choe BY. Design of a fused phantom for quantitative evaluation of brain metabolites and enhanced quality assurance testing for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 255:75-84. [PMID: 26277420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI-MRS) is a useful tool for the identification and evaluation of chemical changes in anatomical regions. Quality assurance (QA) is performed in either images or spectra using QA phantom. Therefore, consistent and uniform technical MRI-MRS QA is crucial. NEW METHOD Here we developed an MRI-MRS fused phantom along with the inserts for metabolite quantification to simultaneously optimize QA parameters for both MRI and MRS. T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained and MRS was performed with point-resolved spectroscopy. RESULTS Using the fused phantom, the results of measuring MRI factors were: geometric distortion, <2% and ± 2 mm; image intensity uniformity, 83.09 ± 1.33%; percent-signal ghosting, 0.025 ± 0.004; low-contrast object detectability, 27.85 ± 0.80. In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio of N-acetyl-aspartate was consistently high (42.00 ± 5.66). COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS In previous studies, MR phantoms could not obtain information from both images and spectra in the MR scanner simultaneously. Here we designed and developed a phantom for accurate and consistent QA within the acceptance range. It is important to take into account variations in the QA value using the MRI-MRS phantom, when comparing to other clinical or research MR scanners. CONCLUSIONS The MRI-MRS QA factors obtained simultaneously using the phantom can facilitate evaluation of both images and spectra, and provide guidelines for obtaining MRI and MRS QA factors simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Ho Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Wan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Man Baek
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young Choe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea.
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De Visschere P, Nezzo M, Pattyn E, Fonteyne V, Van Praet C, Villeirs G. Prostate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 1.5tesla with endorectal coil versus 3.0tesla without endorectal coil: comparison of spectral quality. Clin Imaging 2015; 39:636-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the developing brain has dramatically increased over the last decade. Faster acquisitions and the development of advanced MRI sequences, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), perfusion imaging, functional MR imaging (fMRI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), as well as the use of higher magnetic field strengths has made MRI an invaluable tool for detailed evaluation of the developing brain. This article will provide an overview of the use and challenges associated with 1.5-T and 3-T static magnetic fields for evaluation of the developing brain. This review will also summarize the advantages, clinical challenges, and safety concerns specifically related to MRI in the fetus and newborn, including the implications of increased magnetic field strength, logistics related to transporting and monitoring of neonates during scanning, and sedation considerations, and a discussion of current technologies such as MRI conditional neonatal incubators and dedicated small-foot print neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) scanners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Tocchio
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Beth Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Emanuel Kanal
- Director, Magnetic Resonance Services; Professor of Neuroradiology; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)
| | - Vincent J. Schmithorst
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Pediatric Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology Children׳s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
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25
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an imaging approach that allows for the noninvasive molecular characterization of a region of interest. By detecting signals of water, lipids, and other metabolites, MRS can provide metabolic information for lesion characterization and assessment of treatment response. Although MRS has been routinely used in the brain, clinical applications within the musculoskeletal system have only more recently emerged. The aim of this article is to review the technical considerations for performing MRS in the musculoskeletal system, focusing on proton MRS, and to discuss its potential roles in musculoskeletal tumor imaging and the assessment of muscle physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Deshmukh
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, Maryland, USA
| | - Ty Subhawong
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, Maryland, USA
| | - John A Carrino
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura Fayad
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, Maryland, USA
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Deelchand DK, Iltis I, Henry PG. Improved quantification precision of human brain short echo-time (1) H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at high magnetic field: a simulation study. Magn Reson Med 2014; 72:20-5. [PMID: 23900976 PMCID: PMC3907456 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The gain in quantification precision that can be expected in human brain (1) H MRS at very high field remains a matter of debate. Here, we investigate this issue using Monte-Carlo simulations. METHODS Simulated human brain-like (1) H spectra were fitted repeatedly with different noise realizations using LCModel at B0 ranging from 1.5T to 11.7T, assuming a linear increase in signal-to-noise ratio with B0 in the time domain, and assuming a linear increase in linewidth with B0 based on experimental measurements. Average quantification precision (Cramér-Rao lower bound) was then determined for each metabolite as a function of B0 . RESULTS For singlets, Cramér-Rao lower bounds improved (decreased) by a factor of ∼ B0 as B0 increased, as predicted by theory. For most J-coupled metabolites, Cramér-Rao lower bounds decreased by a factor ranging from B0 to B0 as B0 increased, reflecting additional gains in quantification precision compared to singlets owing to simplification of spectral pattern and reduced overlap. CONCLUSIONS Quantification precision of (1) H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in human brain continues to improve with B0 up to 11.7T although peak signal-to-noise ratio in the frequency domain levels off above 3T. In most cases, the gain in quantification precision is higher for J-coupled metabolites than for singlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Deelchand
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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27
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Wang L, Salibi N, Chang G, Bencardino JT, Babb JS, Rokito A, Jazrawi L, Sherman O, Regatte RR. Evaluation of subchondral bone marrow lipids of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured patients at 3 T. Acad Radiol 2014; 21:758-66. [PMID: 24717549 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to investigate the changes in compartment-specific subchondral bone marrow lipids of femoral-tibial bone in acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured patients compared to that of healthy volunteers and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] grade 2-3). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 55 subjects were recruited in the study and subdivided into three subgroups: 17 healthy controls (4 females, 13 males; mean age = 41 ± 16, age range 24-78 years), 17 patients with acute ACL injury (3 females, 14 males; mean age = 30 ± 11, age range 18-61 years), and 21 patients with KL2-3 OA (12 females, 9 males; mean age = 65 ± 12, age range 44-89 years). Routine clinical proton density-weighted fast spin echo images in sagittal (without fat saturation), axial, and coronal (fat saturation) planes were acquired on a 3 T clinical scanner for cartilage morphology using Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score grading. A voxel of 10 × 10 × 10 mm(3) was positioned in the medial and lateral compartments of the tibia and femur for proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements using the single voxel stimulated echo acquisition mode pulse sequence. All proton magnetic resonance data were processed with Java-based magnetic resonance user interface. Wilcoxon rank sum test and mixed model two-way analysis of variance were performed to determine significant differences between different compartments and examine the effect of ACL injury, OA grade and compartment, and their interactions. RESULTS The index of unsaturation in lateral tibial compartment in ACL-injured patients was significantly higher (P < .05) than all compartments except lateral femoral in patients with KL2-3 OA. Significantly lower values (P < .05) were also identified in saturated lipids at 2.03 ppm in all compartments in ACL-injured patients than those of all compartments in patients with KL2-3 OA. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary results suggest that the indices of unsaturation in the lateral tibial compartment and the peaks of saturated lipids at 1.3 and 2.03 ppm in medial tibial compartment may be clinically useful to characterize subchondral bone marrow among healthy controls, acute ACL-injured patients, and patients with OA.
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Brink WM, Börnert P, Nehrke K, Webb AG. Ventricular B1 (+) perturbation at 7 T - real effect or measurement artifact? NMR Biomed 2014; 27:617-620. [PMID: 24733571 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to explore the origin of local B1 (+) perturbations in the ventricles measured at 7 T. The B1 (+) field in the human brain was mapped using four different MRI techniques: dual refocusing echo acquisition mode (DREAM), actual flip-angle imaging (AFI), saturated double-angle method (SDAM) and Bloch-Siegert shift (BSS). Electromagnetic field simulations of B1 (+) were performed in male and female subject models to assess the dependence of the B1 (+) distribution on the dielectric properties of cerebrospinal fluid and subject anatomy. All four B1 (+) mapping techniques, based on different B1 (+) encoding mechanisms, show 'residual' structure of the ventricles, with a slightly enhanced B1 (+) field in the ventricles. Electromagnetic field simulations indicate that this effect is real and arises from the strong contrast in electrical conductivity between cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue. The simulated results were in good agreement with those obtained in three volunteers. Measured local B1 (+) perturbations in the ventricles at 7 T can be partially explained by the high contrast in electrical conductivity between cerebrospinal fluid and white matter, in addition to effects related to the particular B1 (+) measurement technique used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyger M Brink
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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29
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Branzoli F, Ercan E, Webb A, Ronen I. The interaction between apparent diffusion coefficients and transverse relaxation rates of human brain metabolites and water studied by diffusion-weighted spectroscopy at 7 T. NMR Biomed 2014; 27:495-506. [PMID: 24706330 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of molecules in biological tissues on an acquisition-specific timescale is a powerful mechanism for studying tissue microstructure. Unlike water, metabolites are confined mainly to intracellular compartments, thus providing higher specificity to tissue microstructure. Compartment-specific structural and chemical properties may also affect molecule transverse relaxation times (T₂). Here, we investigated the correlation between diffusion and relaxation for N-acetylaspartate, creatine and choline compounds in human brain white matter in vivo at 7 T, and compared them with those of water under the same experimental conditions. Data were acquired in a volume of interest in parietal white matter at two different diffusion times, Δ = 44 and 246 ms, using a matrix of three echo times (T(E)) and five diffusion weighting values (up to 4575 s/mm²). Significant differences in the dependence of the ADCs on T(E) were found between water and metabolites, as well as among the different metabolites. A significant decrease in water ADC as a function of TE was observed only at the longest diffusion time (p < 0.001), supporting the hypothesis that at least part of the restricted water pool can be associated with longer T₂, as suggested by previous studies in vitro. Metabolite data showed an increase of creatine (p < 0.05) and N-acetylaspartate (p < 0.05) ADCs with TE at Δ = 44 ms, and a decrease of creatine (p < 0.05) and N-acetylaspartate (p = 0.1) ADCs with TE at Δ = 246 ms. No dependence of choline ADC on TE was observed. The metabolite results suggest that diffusion and relaxation properties are dictated not only by metabolite distribution in different cell types, but also by other mechanisms, such as interactions with membranes, exchange between "free" and "bound" states or interactions with microsusceptibility gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Branzoli
- C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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30
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Zhang N, Song X, Bartha R, Beyea S, D’Arcy R, Zhang Y, Rockwood K. Advances in high-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2014; 11:367-88. [PMID: 24597505 PMCID: PMC4108086 DOI: 10.2174/1567205011666140302200312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects several important molecules in brain metabolism. The resulting neurochemical changes can be quantified non-invasively in localized brain regions using in vivo single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SV 1H MRS). Although the often heralded diagnostic potential of MRS in AD largely remains unfulfilled, more recent use of high magnetic fields has led to significantly improved signal-to-noise ratios and spectral resolutions, thereby allowing clinical applications with increased measurement reliability. The present article provides a comprehensive review of SV 1H MRS studies on AD at high magnetic fields (3.0 Tesla and above). This review suggests that patterned regional differences and longitudinal alterations in several neurometabolites are associated with clinically established AD. Changes in multiple metabolites are identifiable even at early stages of AD development. By combining information of neurochemicals in different brain regions revealing either pathological or compensatory changes, high field MRS can be evaluated in AD diagnosis and in the detection of treatment effects. To achieve this, standardization of data acquisition and analytical approaches is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningnannan Zhang
- National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biodiagnostics – Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department
of Radiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowei Song
- National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biodiagnostics – Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine,
Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory,
Biomedical Translational Imaging Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Centre for Functional and Metabolic
Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of
Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Beyea
- National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biodiagnostics – Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Neuroimaging Research Laboratory,
Biomedical Translational Imaging Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Physics, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ryan D’Arcy
- National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biodiagnostics – Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, British
Columbia, Canada
- Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Foundation Innovation, Surrey, British Columbia,
Canada
| | - Yunting Zhang
- Department
of Radiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kenneth Rockwood
- Division of Geriatric Medicine,
Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Centre for Health Care of the Elderly, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada
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Abstract
MR spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique that allows the detection of several naturally occurring compounds (metabolites) from well-defined regions of interest within the human brain. Alzheimer disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. During the past 20 years, multiple studies have been performed on MR spectroscopy in patients with both mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Generally, MR spectroscopy studies have found decreased N-acetylaspartate and increased myo-inositol in both patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease, with greater changes in Alzheimer disease than in mild cognitive impairment. This review summarizes the information content of proton brain MR spectroscopy and its related technical aspects, as well as applications of MR spectroscopy to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. While MR spectroscopy may have some value in the differential diagnosis of dementias and assessing prognosis, more likely its role in the near future will be predominantly as a tool for monitoring disease response or progression in treatment trials. More work is needed to evaluate the role of MR spectroscopy as a biomarker in Alzheimer disease and its relationship to other imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gao
- From the Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute (F.G.), Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - P B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (P.B.B.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MarylandF.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging (P.B.B.), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.
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32
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Hess AT, van der Kouwe AJW, Mbugua KK, Laughton B, Meintjes EM. Quality of 186 child brain spectra using motion and B0 shim navigated single voxel spectroscopy. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 40:958-65. [PMID: 24924772 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate B0 shim and motion navigated single voxel spectroscopy in children. Assess the repeatability of metabolite concentrations in three regions: medial frontal grey matter, peritrigonal white matter, and basal ganglia. Determine the extent of intra- and interacquisition movement in this population. METHODS Linewidth and signal to noise ratio were calculated to assess spectral quality of 186 spectra at 3 Tesla. Repeatability was assessed on 31 repeat scans. Navigator images were used to assess localization errors, while navigator motion and shim logs were used to demonstrate the efficacy of correction needed during the scans. RESULTS Average linewidths ± standard deviations of N-acetyl aspartate are 3.8 ± 0.6 Hz, 4.4 ± 0.5 Hz, and 4.7 ± 0.8 Hz in each region, respectively. Scan-to-scan measurement variance in metabolite concentrations closely resembled the expected variance. A total of 73% and 32% of children moved before and during the acquisition, causing a voxel shift of more than 10% of the voxel volume, 1.5 mm. The predominant movement directions were sliding out of the coil and nodding (up-down rotation). First-order B0 corrections were significant (>10 μT/m) in 18 % of acquisitions. CONCLUSION Prospective motion and B0 correction provides high quality repeatable spectra. The study found that most children moved between acquisitions and a substantial number moved during acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Hess
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Mazzetti S, Bracco C, Regge D, Caivano R, Russo F, Stasi M. Choline-containing compounds quantification by 1H NMR spectroscopy using external reference and noise measurements. Phys Med 2013; 29:677-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Paiva FF, Otaduy MCG, de Oliveira-Souza R, Moll J, Bramati IE, Oliveira L, de Souza AS, Tovar-Moll F. Comparison of human brain metabolite levels using 1H MRS at 1.5T and 3.0T. Dement Neuropsychol 2013; 7:216-220. [PMID: 29213843 PMCID: PMC5619521 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-57642013dn70200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the human brain has proven to be
a useful technique in several neurological and psychiatric disorders and
benefits from higher field scanners as signal intensity and spectral resolution
are proportional to the magnetic field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fernandes Paiva
- PhD, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and In Vivo Spectroscopy Center (CIERMag), Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy
- PhD, Magnetic Resonance Department, LIM44, InRad-Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza
- PhD, Gaffreé e Guinle University Hospital, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil. D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge Moll
- PhD, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luciane Oliveira
- MD, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Silveira de Souza
- PhD, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil. Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tovar-Moll
- PhD, D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil. Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil
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Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides information on neuronal and axonal viability, energetics of cellular structures, and status of cellular membranes. Proton MRS appeals to clinicians and scientists because its application in the clinical setting can increase the specificity of MR imaging. The objective of this article is to provide descriptive concepts of the technique and its application in vivo for a variety of patient populations. When appropriately incorporating MRS into the neuroradiologic evaluation, this technique produces relevant information to radiologists and clinicians for their understanding of adult and pediatric neurologically based disease processes.
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Sawlani V, Taylor R, Rowley K, Redfern R, Martin J, Poptani H. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Differentiating Pseudo-Progression from True Progression in GBM on Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Neuroradiol J 2012; 25:575-86. [PMID: 24029093 DOI: 10.1177/197140091202500511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemo-radiation therapy including temozolomide is commonly used for the treatment of gliomas. However, increased lesion size and contrast enhancement are frequently observed following this therapy and this appearance is termed as 'pseudo-progression'. Since conventional imaging is unable to differentiate pseudo-progression from tumour recurrence, we evaluated the utility of MR spectroscopy (MRS) to differentiate these two pathological entities. Longitudinal MRI and MRS studies prior to and within four months post chemo-radiation therapy including diffusion-weighted imaging and single voxel spectroscopy (short and intermediate echo) were performed in 62 glioblastoma (GBM) patients undergoing chemo-radiation therapy. Clinical follow-up demonstrated four cases of pseudo-progression. In this study, results from these four cases and a known case of tumour recurrence are reported. Metabolite ratios and presence or absence of lipids at 1.3 ppm were used to differentiate between pseudo-progression and tumour recurrence. All four cases of pseudo-progression demonstrated elevated lipid signals on MRS. Additionally, an absence of choline or a low choline/NAA ratio was also observed. In comparison, the patient with tumour recurrence showed lower lipid signals and a high choline/NAA ratio. The presence of elevated lipid signals along with low choline/NAA ratios can aid in differentiation of pseudo-progression from tumour recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sawlani
- Radiology Department, Morriston Hospital; Swansea, United Kingdom -
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Tsougos I, Svolos P, Kousi E, Fountas K, Theodorou K, Fezoulidis I, Kapsalaki E. Differentiation of glioblastoma multiforme from metastatic brain tumor using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion and perfusion metrics at 3 T. Cancer Imaging 2012; 12:423-36. [PMID: 23108208 PMCID: PMC3494384 DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2012.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the contribution of 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSCE) imaging metrics in the differentiation of glioblastomas from solitary metastasis, and particularly to clarify the controversial reports regarding the hypothesis that there should be a significant differentiation between the intratumoral and peritumoral areas. Methods: Conventional MR imaging, 1H-MRS, DWI, DTI and DSCE MRI was performed on 49 patients (35 glioblastomas multiforme, 14 metastases) using a 3.0-T MR unit. Metabolite ratios, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were measured in the intratumoral and peritumoral regions of the lesions. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was used to obtain the cut-off values for the parameters presenting a statistical difference between the two tumor groups. Furthermore, we investigated the potential effect of the region of interest (ROI) size on the quantification of diffusion properties in the intratumoral region of the lesions, by applying two different ROI methods. Results: Peritumoral N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr), choline (Cho)/Cr, Cho/NAA and rCBV significantly differentiated glioblastomas from intracranial metastases. ADC and FA presented no significant difference between the two tumor groups. Conclusions:1H-MRS and dynamic susceptibility measurements in the peritumoral regions may definitely aid in the differentiation of glioblastomas and solitary metastases. The quantification of the diffusion properties in the intratumoral region is independent of the ROI size placed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tsougos
- Medical Physics Department, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
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Scheidegger O, Wingeier K, Stefan D, Graveron-Demilly D, van Ormondt D, Wiest R, Slotboom J. Optimized quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy for clinical routine. Magn Reson Med 2012; 70:25-32. [PMID: 22907544 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Several practical obstacles in data handling and evaluation complicate the use of quantitative localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qMRS) in clinical routine MR examinations. To overcome these obstacles, a clinically feasible MR pulse sequence protocol based on standard available MR pulse sequences for qMRS has been implemented along with newly added functionalities to the free software package jMRUI-v5.0 to make qMRS attractive for clinical routine. This enables (a) easy and fast DICOM data transfer from the MR console and the qMRS-computer, (b) visualization of combined MR spectroscopy and imaging, (c) creation and network transfer of spectroscopy reports in DICOM format, (d) integration of advanced water reference models for absolute quantification, and (e) setup of databases containing normal metabolite concentrations of healthy subjects. To demonstrate the work-flow of qMRS using these implementations, databases for normal metabolite concentration in different regions of brain tissue were created using spectroscopic data acquired in 55 normal subjects (age range 6-61 years) using 1.5T and 3T MR systems, and illustrated in one clinical case of typical brain tumor (primitive neuroectodermal tumor). The MR pulse sequence protocol and newly implemented software functionalities facilitate the incorporation of qMRS and reference to normal value metabolite concentration data in daily clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Scheidegger
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Berne University Hospital, University of Berne, Switzerland
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Gigante AD, Bond DJ, Lafer B, Lam RW, Young LT, Yatham LN. Brain glutamate levels measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with bipolar disorder: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disord 2012; 14:478-87. [PMID: 22834460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and highly disabling disease characterized by substantial cognitive and functional impairment. The exact neurobiological mechanisms underlying the expression of symptoms in this condition remain unknown but there is growing evidence that glutamate might play an important role. Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS), a number of studies have examined brain glutamate/glutamine levels in patients with bipolar disorder, but they have produced conflicting results. The objective of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on brain glutamate/glutamine in BD as measured by ¹H-MRS. METHODS A Medline search for the period January 1980-April 2010 was conducted to identify published studies that used ¹H-MRS to measure glutamate + glutamine (Glx), the Glx/creatine (Cr) ratio, glutamate (Glu), or the Glu/Cr ratio in any brain region in adult or child/adolescent patients with BD and healthy subjects. A meta-analysis of the pooled data was conducted. RESULTS BD patients were found to have increased Glx compared to healthy subjects when all brain areas were combined. This finding remained true in medicated and non-medicated patients, and in frontal brain areas in adults. There was a non-significant trend (p = 0.09) for an increase in whole-brain Glx/Cr and Glu in patients compared with healthy subjects. No significant difference was found in Glu/Cr. CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis suggest that brain Glx levels are elevated in BD patients and support the idea that glutamate might play an important role in the pathophysiology of BD.
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Venkatesh BA, Lima JAC, Bluemke DA, Lai S, Steenbergen C, Liu CY. MR proton spectroscopy for myocardial lipid deposition quantification: a quantitative comparison between 1.5T and 3T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 36:1222-30. [PMID: 22826193 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate 3T magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-derived myocardial fat-signal fractions in comparison with those from 1.5T MRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted phantom, ex vivo and in vivo myocardial specimen evaluations at both 1.5T and 3T using (1)H-MRS. A phantom with nine fat-water emulsions was constructed to assess the accuracy of the spectroscopy measurements. Ex vivo spectroscopy data were acquired in 70 segments from 21 autopsy heart slices. In vivo spectroscopy data were acquired in the interventricular septum from 22 human volunteers. RESULTS Phantom experiments demonstrated that 1.5T and 3T measurements were highly correlated with the reference values (r = 0.78, P < 0.05). The ex vivo and in vivo experiments demonstrated an increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 45 ± 73% and 76 ± 72% at 3T compared to 1.5T (P < 0.05). The mean fat-signal fraction was similar at 3T and 1.5T (1.11 ± 1.18 vs. 1.00 ± 1.09, respectively, P = NS) in ex vivo studies but were significantly different in the in vivo studies (2.47 ± 1.46 vs. 1.56 ± 1.34, P < 0.05). The fat-signal fractions from 3T and 1.5T correlated fairly well in all experiments. CONCLUSION 3T MRS has significantly greater SNR and could potentially be more accurate as compared to 1.5T for quantification of myocardial fat fraction in in vivo studies.
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Wardlaw JM, Brindle W, Casado AM, Shuler K, Henderson M, Thomas B, Macfarlane J, Muñoz Maniega S, Lymer K, Morris Z, Pernet C, Nailon W, Ahearn T, Mumuni AN, Mugruza C, McLean J, Chakirova G, Tao YT, Simpson J, Stanfield AC, Johnston H, Parikh J, Royle NA, De Wilde J, Bastin ME, Weir N, Farrall A, Valdes Hernandez MC; SINAPSE Collaborative Group. A systematic review of the utility of 1.5 versus 3 Tesla magnetic resonance brain imaging in clinical practice and research. Eur Radiol 2012; 22:2295-303. [PMID: 22684343 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-012-2500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MRI at 3 T is said to be more accurate than 1.5 T MR, but costs and other practical differences mean that it is unclear which to use. METHODS We systematically reviewed studies comparing diagnostic accuracy at 3 T with 1.5 T. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and other sources from 1 January 2000 to 22 October 2010 for studies comparing diagnostic accuracy at 1.5 and 3 T in human neuroimaging. We extracted data on methodology, quality criteria, technical factors, subjects, signal-to-noise, diagnostic accuracy and errors according to QUADAS and STARD criteria. RESULTS Amongst 150 studies (4,500 subjects), most were tiny, compared old 1.5 T with new 3 T technology, and only 22 (15 %) described diagnostic accuracy. The 3 T images were often described as "crisper", but we found little evidence of improved diagnosis. Improvements were limited to research applications [functional MRI (fMRI), spectroscopy, automated lesion detection]. Theoretical doubling of the signal-to-noise ratio was not confirmed, mostly being 25 %. Artefacts were worse and acquisitions took slightly longer at 3 T. CONCLUSION Objective evidence to guide MRI purchasing decisions and routine diagnostic use is lacking. Rigorous evaluation accuracy and practicalities of diagnostic imaging technologies should be the routine, as for pharmacological interventions, to improve effectiveness of healthcare. KEY POINTS • Higher field strength MRI may improve image quality and diagnostic accuracy. • There are few direct comparisons of 1.5 and 3 T MRI. • Theoretical doubling of the signal-to-noise ratio in practice was only 25 %. • Objective evidence of improved routine clinical diagnosis is lacking. • Other aspects of technology improved images more than field strength.
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Unschuld PG, Edden RAE, Carass A, Liu X, Shanahan M, Wang X, Oishi K, Brandt J, Bassett SS, Redgrave GW, Margolis RL, van Zijl PCM, Barker PB, Ross CA. Brain metabolite alterations and cognitive dysfunction in early Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 2012; 27:895-902. [PMID: 22649062 PMCID: PMC3383395 DOI: 10.1002/mds.25010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early cognitive decline that progresses at later stages to dementia and severe movement disorder. HD is caused by a cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet-repeat expansion mutation in the Huntingtin gene, allowing early diagnosis by genetic testing. This study aimed to identify the relationship of N-acetylaspartate and other brain metabolites to cognitive function in HD-mutation carriers by using high-field-strength magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7 Tesla. Twelve individuals with the HD mutation in premanifest or early-stage disease versus 12 healthy controls underwent (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (7.2 mL voxel in the posterior cingulate cortex) at 7 Tesla, and also T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging. All participants received standardized tests of cognitive functioning including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and standardized quantified neurological examination within an hour before scanning. Individuals with the HD mutation had significantly lower posterior cingulate cortex N-acetylaspartate (-9.6%, P = .02) and glutamate (-10.1%, P = .02) levels than did controls. In contrast, in this small group, measures of brain morphology including striatal and ventricle volumes did not differ significantly. Linear regression with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores revealed significant correlations with N-acetylaspartate (r(2) = 0.50, P = .01) and glutamate (NAA) (r(2) = 0.64, P = .002) in HD subjects. Our data suggest a relationship between reduced N-acetylaspartate and glutamate levels in the posterior cingulate cortex with cognitive decline in the early stages of HD. N-acetylaspartate and glutamate magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals of the posterior cingulate cortex region may serve as potential biomarkers of disease progression or treatment outcome in HD and other neurodegenerative disorders with early cognitive dysfunction, when structural brain changes are still minor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Unschuld
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Wang L, Salibi N, Chang G, Vieira RLR, Babb JS, Krasnokutsky S, Abramson S, Regatte RR. Assessment of subchondral bone marrow lipids in healthy controls and mild osteoarthritis patients at 3T. NMR Biomed 2012; 25:545-555. [PMID: 21850653 PMCID: PMC3292853 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The compartment-specific lipid changes in femoral-tibial bone of healthy controls and mild osteoarthritis (OA) patients were quantified at 3.0 T. Healthy volunteers [Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade = 0; n = 15, 4 females, 11 males, mean age 39 ± 16 years, age range = 24-78 years] and mild OA patients (KL = 1, 2; n = 26, 12 females, 14 males, mean age 61 ± 14 years, age range = 27-80 years) were scanned on a 3 T scanner. Clinical proton density (PD)-weighted fast spin echo (FSE) images in the sagittal (without fat-saturation), axial and coronal (fat-saturation) planes were acquired for cartilage Whole-Organ MR Imaging Score (WORMS) grading. A voxel of 10 × 10 × 10 mm(3) was positioned in the medial and lateral compartments of the tibia [medial tibial (MT) and lateral tibial (LT)] and femur [medial femoral (MF) and lateral femoral (LF)] for MRS measurements using the single voxel-stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) pulse sequence. All MRS data were processed with Java-based Magnetic Resonance User Interface (JMRUI). Wilcoxon's rank sum test and mixed model two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to determine significant differences between different compartments as well as examine the effect of OA grade and compartment, and their interactions. Generally, the MF compartment index of unsaturation was increased in healthy subjects compared with OA subjects (whether graded by KL or WORMS score). Differences between MF at KL0 and all other compartments at KL1 except LF approached statistical significance (p < 0.05). Differences in saturated lipids signals could be observed predominantly in the 2.03 p.p.m. frequency shift. Healthy controls in the MF compartment had the lowest saturated lipid signals, and mild OA patients with KL2 and WORMS5-6 in the MF compartment had the highest saturated lipid signals compared with other compartments at 2.03 p.p.m. (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligong Wang
- Quantitative Multinuclear Musculoskeletal Imaging Group (QMMIG), Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Ganji SK, Banerjee A, Patel AM, Zhao YD, Dimitrov IE, Browning JD, Brown ES, Maher EA, Choi C. T2 measurement of J-coupled metabolites in the human brain at 3T. NMR Biomed 2012; 25:523-9. [PMID: 21845738 PMCID: PMC3852663 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Proton T(2) relaxation times of metabolites in the human brain were measured using point resolved spectroscopy at 3T in vivo. Four echo times (54, 112, 246 and 374 ms) were selected from numerical and phantom analyses for effective detection of the glutamate multiplet at ~ 2.35 ppm. In vivo data were obtained from medial and left occipital cortices of five healthy volunteers. The cortices contained predominantly gray and white matter, respectively. Spectra were analyzed with LCModel software using volume-localized calculated spectra of brain metabolites. The estimate of the signal strength vs. TE was fitted to a monoexponential function for estimation of apparent T(2) (T(2)(†)). T(2)(†) was estimated to be similar between the brain regions for creatine, choline, glutamate and myo-inositol, but significantly different for N-acetylaspartate singlet and multiplet. T(2)(†)s of glutamate and myo-inositol were measured as 181 ± 16 and 197 ± 14 ms (mean ± SD, N = 5) for medial occipital cortices, and 180 ± 12 and 196 ± 17 ms for left occipital cortices, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K. Ganji
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Abhishek Banerjee
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Aditya M. Patel
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yan D. Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ivan E. Dimitrov
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Browning
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - E. Sherwood Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Maher
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Changho Choi
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Correspondence to: Changho Choi, Ph.D, Phone: 214-645-2805, FAX: 214-645-2885,
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Subhawong TK, Wang X, Durand DJ, Jacobs MA, Carrino JA, Machado AJ, Fayad LM. Proton MR spectroscopy in metabolic assessment of musculoskeletal lesions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012; 198:162-72. [PMID: 22194493 DOI: 10.2214/AJR.11.6505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purposes of this review are to describe the principles and method of MR spectroscopy, summarize current published data on musculoskeletal lesions, and report additional cases that have been analyzed with recently developed quantitative methods. CONCLUSION Proton MR spectroscopy can be used to identify key tissue metabolites and may serve as a useful adjunct to radiographic evaluation of musculoskeletal lesions. A pooled analysis of 122 musculoskeletal tumors revealed that a discrete choline peak has a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 68% in the detection of malignancy. Modest improvements in diagnostic accuracy in 22 of 122 cases when absolute choline quantification was used encourage the pursuit of development of choline quantification methods.
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Pan JW, Lo KM, Hetherington HP. Role of very high order and degree B0 shimming for spectroscopic imaging of the human brain at 7 tesla. Magn Reson Med 2011; 68:1007-17. [PMID: 22213108 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of ultrahigh field systems (7 T), significant improvements in spectroscopic imaging (SI) studies of the human brain have been anticipated. These gains are dependent upon the achievable B0 homogeneity, both globally (σB0Global, over the entire regions of interest or slice) and locally (σB0Global, influencing the linewidth of individual SI voxels within the regions of interest). Typically the B0 homogeneity is adjusted using shim coils with spatial distributions modeled on spherical harmonics which can be characterized by a degree (radial dependence) and order (azimuthal symmetry). However, the role of very high order and degree shimming (e.g., 3rd and 4th degree) in MRSI studies has been controversial. Measurements of σB0Global and σB0Local were determined from B0 field maps of 64×64 resolution. In a 10 mm thick slice taken through the region of the subcortical nuclei, we find that in comparison to 1st-2nd degree shims, use of 1st-3rd and 1st-4th degree shims reduces σB0Global by 29% and 55%, respectively. Using a SI voxel size of ∼1cc with an estimate of σB0Local from 3×3×3 B0 map pixels in this subcortical region, the number of pixels with σB0Local of less than 5 Hz increased from 24 to 59% with 1st-3rd and 1st-4th over 1st-2nd degree shims, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jullie W Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-0820, USA.
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Chitkara M, Westphalen A, Kurhanewicz J, Qayyum A, Poder L, Reed G, Coakley FV. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of benign prostatic tissue: findings at 3.0 T compared to 1.5 T-initial experience. Clin Imaging 2011; 35:288-93. [PMID: 21724122 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In a retrospective study of 71 voxels of benign peripheral zone tissue from 3 men who underwent endorectal magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging of the prostate at both 1.5 and 3 T, 21 voxels that appeared more malignant at 3 T to either of two readers demonstrated significantly higher levels of choline and polyamines at 3 T compared to 1.5 T using a Wilcoxon ranked-sum test; awareness of this selective amplification of these metabolic signals at high field strength may help avoid overdiagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish Chitkara
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA
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Edden RAE, Intrapiromkul J, Zhu H, Cheng Y, Barker PB. Measuring T2 in vivo with J-difference editing: application to GABA at 3 Tesla. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 35:229-34. [PMID: 22045601 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an experimental approach for determining in vivo transverse relaxation rates (T(2)) of metabolites that are detected by spectral editing without using simulations, and to demonstrate this approach to measure the T(2) of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed method first determines the TE-dependence of the edited signals using measurements in a pure phantom solution (10 mM γ-aminobutyric acid; GABA); the phantom T(2) is also determined. Once the editing echo time (TE)-modulation pattern is known, it can then be used to determine T(2) in vivo. The method was applied to measure GABA T(2) in the occipital lobe of five healthy adult subjects at 3T, using a J-difference editing method. Unwanted macromolecular contributions to the GABA signal were also measured. RESULTS The in vivo T(2) of edited GABA signal was 88 ± 12 ms; this preliminary result is somewhat shorter than other metabolite T(2) values in the literature at this field strength. CONCLUSION Spectral editing methods are now widely used to detect low concentration metabolites, such as GABA, but to date no edited acquisition methods have been proposed for the measurement of transverse relaxation times (T(2)). The method described has been successfully applied to measuring the T(2) of GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A E Edden
- Division of Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress associated with impaired metabolism of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) plays a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is one of the brain-imaging techniques that can quantitatively measure bioactive substances such as GSH in the intact human brain. Four different measurement sequences including double quantum coherence (DQC) filtering, MEscher-GArwood Point-RESolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS), Stimulated Echo Acquisition Mode (STEAM), and PRESS have been used to evaluate the (1)H-MRS measurement of GSH in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. Although the results of these studies were somewhat diverse, a negative correlation between brain GSH levels and the severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients suggests that increasing the brain GSH levels might be beneficial for schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms. Moreover, a recent double-blind, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that add-on of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH, to antipsychotics improved the negative symptoms and reduced the side effects (akathisia) in patients with chronic schizophrenia. MRS study of the antioxidant defense system in schizophrenia still remains in the infantile stage; future studies are needed to examine the brain GSH level before and after NAC treatment, and thereby to provide direct evidence of the induced production of GSH in the living brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Matsuzawa
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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