1
|
Foli KJ, Forster AK, Bostic LA, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Stone L. Predictors of Substance Use Risk in Nurse Anesthetists. J Addict Nurs 2024; 35:E15-E27. [PMID: 38373174 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) are exposed daily to highly addictive substances and stressful work environments, placing them at risk for substance use disorders (SUDs). Previous research, which is scarce, indicated that drugs of choice were opioids and propofol. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of SUD risk using the World Health Organization Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. METHOD From June to July 2020, an online survey was sent via the American Association of Nurse Anesthesiology Research Survey Service to 3,000 CRNAs with a response of approximately 225 members. RESULTS CRNAs were found to be at a moderate risk for SUDs in the following categories: 10.27% for tobacco, 23.56% for alcohol, and 6.28% for cannabis. Regression analysis by substance category includes robust, differing models in this homogeneous sample. Predictors for all three models include a collection of demographic variables, religiosity, anxiety, difficulties due to anxiety, depression, substance use history, contact with the American Association of Nurse Anesthesiology Peer Assistance Program, and organizational support. CONCLUSION Over 10% of CRNAs are at risk for developing tobacco use disorder, and almost one quarter of those surveyed are at a moderate risk for developing alcohol use disorder. These data are of concern and may indicate a shift of preferred substances used by CRNAs from controlled substances to alcohol.
Collapse
|
2
|
Bellali T, Karagkounis C, Liamopoulou P, Minasidou E, Manomenidis G. Comparative cross-sectional study of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among mental health and ward nursing staff towards smoking. Int J Nurs Pract 2023; 29:e13108. [PMID: 36176179 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was twofold: to estimate smoking prevalence among nurses and to compare their knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards smoking. BACKGROUND Given the critical role nurses have in the process of patients' smoking cessation both as counsellors and behavioural models, data are needed on their smoking rates and behaviour. DESIGN A cross sectional, comparative study was conducted. METHODS A convenience sample of 847 nurses working in various psychiatric and public hospitals in Northern Greece participated in the study. Data were collected between April and June 2020 using a battery of questionnaires. RESULTS Mental health nurses were less likely to consider quitting smoking within the next 6 months (P < 0.001), despite the fact that they reported higher levels of the importance of stop smoking compared to ward nurses (P < 0.05). However, ward nurses were more likely to quit smoking because of the cost of cigarettes (P = 0.024) and for personal reasons (P = 0.040). CONCLUSION Prevalence of smoking in nurses is high. Training and educational programmes are needed to develop the appropriate culture of health promotion among nurses, thus provide a more active support to patients who smoke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thalia Bellali
- Department of Nursing, International Hellenic University of Greece, Thermi, Greece
| | | | - Polixeni Liamopoulou
- Department of Nursing, International Hellenic University of Greece, Thermi, Greece
| | - Evgenia Minasidou
- Department of Nursing, International Hellenic University of Greece, Thermi, Greece
| | - Georgios Manomenidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Ptolemaida, Ptolemaida, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cousin L, Roucoux G, Petit AS, Baumann-Coblentz L, Torrente OR, Cannafarina A, Chassany O, Duracinsky M, Carrieri P. Perceived stigma, substance use and self-medication in night-shift healthcare workers: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:698. [PMID: 35610623 PMCID: PMC9128768 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many risk factors related to altered circadian rhythms impact the health of night-shift hospital workers (NSHW), resulting in mental and somatic disorders. Easy access to psychoactive substances (PS) may facilitate addictive behaviors in NSHW. They are also exposed to a stressful work environment, which may further affect sleep quality. This study aimed to explore the link between sleep deprivation, work-related psychosocial stress and psychoactive substance use as a self-medication response in NSHW. Methods Qualitative study to verify the plausibility of the self-medication theory applied to addictive behaviors. Semi-structured interviews (N = 18 NSHW) and thematic analysis, following consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research recommendations. Results Stigma against NSHW was a primary element of a stressful work environment. The stressful and stigmatizing environment, together with night-shift work, further affected NSHW sleep and their mental and physical health. The use of PS appeared to be for self-medication, encouraged by social and professional environments, source(s) of stress, discrimination, and isolation. The work environment, through aggravated sleep disorders, led NSHW to use non-prescribed sleeping pills. Alcohol after work and smoking were used as a social break but also as a means to reduce stress. Conclusion Anti-stigma interventions in the healthcare setting and screening of mental/somatic disorders in NSHW can help reduce harmful self-medication behaviors and improve hospital care in the COVID-19 era. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08018-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Cousin
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France. .,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France. .,Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie Sociale (UR GRePS), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France.
| | - Guillaume Roucoux
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Anne Sophie Petit
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie Sociale (UR GRePS), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
| | | | - Olivia Rousset Torrente
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Adriano Cannafarina
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Chassany
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Martin Duracinsky
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de La Santé (URC-ECO), AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, F-75004, Paris, France.,Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMRS 1123, Université Paris Cité, INSERM, F-75004, Paris, France.,Département de Médecine Interne Et d'immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 94275, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Patrizia Carrieri
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l'Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mojtahedzadeh N, Neumann FA, Rohwer E, Nienhaus A, Augustin M, Harth V, Zyriax BC, Mache S. The Health Behaviour of German Outpatient Caregivers in Relation to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8213. [PMID: 34360505 PMCID: PMC8346166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected outpatient caregivers in a particular way. While the German population becomes increasingly older, the number of people in need of care has also increased. The health and, thus, the health behaviour of employees in the outpatient care become relevant to maintain working capacity and performance in the long term. The aims of the study were (1) to examine the health behaviour and (2) to explore pandemic-related perceived change of health behaviour among outpatient caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a mixed-methods study, 15 problem-centred interviews and a web-based cross-sectional survey (N = 171) were conducted with outpatient caregivers working in Northern Germany. Interviewees reported partially poorer eating behaviour, higher coffee consumption, lower physical activity, skipping breaks more often and less sleep duration and quality during the pandemic. Some quantitative findings indicate the same tendencies. A majority of participants were smokers and reported higher stress perception due to the pandemic. Preventive behaviour, such as wearing PPE or hand hygiene, was increased among interviewees compared to the pre-pandemic period. Our findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect outpatient caregivers' health behaviour, e.g., eating/drinking behaviour and physical activity. Therefore, employers in outpatient care should develop workplace health promotion measures to support their employees in conducting more health-promoting behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Mojtahedzadeh
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Felix Alexander Neumann
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Elisabeth Rohwer
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Public Health, Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), 22089 Hamburg, Germany;
- Competence Center for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Augustin
- Competence Center for Health Services Research in Vascular Diseases (CVvasc), Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Stefanie Mache
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Health Behaviour of German Outpatient Caregivers in Relation to Their Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115942. [PMID: 34205961 PMCID: PMC8198833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing demographic change is leading to an increasingly older society and a rising proportion of people in need of care in the German population. Therefore, the professional group of outpatient caregivers is highly relevant. Their work is characterised not only by interacting with patients in a mobile setting but also by working in shifts. Health behaviour under these specific working conditions is crucial for ensuring long-term work ability and performance. Little is known about the health behaviour of German outpatient caregivers and its potential impact on their work. The aims of the study were (1) to examine health behavioural patterns (nutrition, exercise, smoking, regeneration) of outpatient caregivers, (2) to illuminate their personal health-promoting behaviours, and (3) to identify potential work-related factors influencing their health behaviour. Fifteen problem-centred interviews were conducted with outpatient caregivers working in Northern Germany in the period January–April 2020. Interviews were analysed by using qualitative content analysis. Outpatient caregivers reported improvable nutrition and hydration, with simultaneous high coffee consumption, low physical activity, poor regeneration (breaks and sleep quality), and good personal health-promoting behaviour (e.g., back-friendly habits), although the majority were smokers. Barriers to the implementation of health-promoting behaviours were a high perception of stress due to increased workload and time pressure, while aids to better health-promoting behaviour were described as being social support and personal resources. The respondents perceived their working conditions as potentially influencing their health behaviour. On the basis of their descriptions, various practice-relevant strategies were derived. The data explore a potential need for outpatient care services to develop interventions on behavioural and structural levels that can help create healthier working conditions for their employees so these caregivers can adopt better health behaviours.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Jose Duaso M. The delivery of smoking cessation interventions by nurses who smoke: A meta-ethnographic synthesis. J Adv Nurs 2021; 77:2957-2970. [PMID: 33626209 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To gain new insights into the experiences of nurses who smoke and to understand the impact of those experiences on their delivery of smoking cessation interventions. DESIGN A meta-ethnographic synthesis. DATA SOURCES CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Web of Science and grey literature databases were searched from their inception to April 2019. REVIEW METHODS Meta-ethnography was employed to synthesize findings from included studies. The CASP qualitative checklist was used to appraise the quality of each study, and the GRADE-CERQual approach to appraise review findings. The synthesis is reported in accordance with the eMERGe reporting guidance. RESULTS From an initial search outcome of 6,019 citations, 13 studies were included detailing the experiences of 195 nurses who were smokers or ex-smokers. Four main themes were identified beliefs, dissonance, coping mechanisms and workplace policies. An integrated conceptual map was proposed on the basis of findings. Nurses who smoke were aware of tobacco harms and their role in addressing tobacco use, which resulted in experiences of guilt and stigma. Workplace policies played a crucial role in the creation of cognitive dissonance. Nurses used different strategies to cope with dissonance such as rationalizing smoking benefits, hiding their smoking behaviour, denial of smoking risks, and failing to engage with smoking cessation interventions. Some nurses expressed more positive aspirations to cope with their dissonance, including a willingness to quit and to embrace smoking cessation interventions with their patients. CONCLUSION Implementing smoke-free policies and supportive interventions targeting nurses' cognitive dissonance may assist them to quit smoking and improve their engagement in smoking cessation practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- International Nursing School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Jose Duaso
- Adult Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mandal S, Misra P, Sharma G, Sagar R, Kant S, Dwivedi SN, Lakshmy R, Goswami K. Effect of Structured Yoga Program on Stress and Professional Quality of Life Among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Delhi-A Small Scale Phase-II Trial. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 26:2515690X21991998. [PMID: 33567888 PMCID: PMC7882766 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x21991998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing staff suffer from various level of stress and burnout. We aimed to assess the effect of 12 weeks of structured yoga on stress and the professional quality of life among nursing staff. DESIGN AND METHOD An open-label, phase-II randomized clinical trial was undertaken considering a sample size of convenience was done. In service nursing staff were randomized (1:1) to intervention group and wait-list control group. Primary outcome was perceived stress which was measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Secondary measures were professional quality measured by Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale, blood pressure, serum cortisol, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Both the per-protocol and intention to treat analysis was done. RESULTS Total 113 participants were allocated to intervention group (n = 58, mean = 35 years, SD = 7.9 years) and wait-list control group (n = 55, mean = 32.5 years, SD = 6.8 years). After 12 weeks, 19 participants of intervention group and 32 participants of wait-list control group were included in the per-protocol analysis. Follow-up mean PSS score was 15.4 (95% CI 12.6-18.2, SD 5.8) in intervention group, 20.7 (95% CI 19.7-21.7, SD 2.8) in wait-list control group (p-value < 0.0001). The other parameters didn't differ between the groups and from baseline to end line too. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The finding showed supervised structured yoga may be efficacious to reduce stress. Studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm the findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION It was approved by the Institute Ethics Committee (Reference no: IECPG-543/20.12.2017, RT-57/31.01.2018) and was registered prospectively in the Clinical Trial Registry of India prospectively (No. CTRI/2018/02/012206).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suprakash Mandal
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Misra
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Sharma
- Department of Cardiology and Centre for Integrative Medicine & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - SN Dwivedi
- Department of Bio-statistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Lakshmy
- Department of Cardiac-Biochemistry, Cardio-Neuro Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Goswami
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Benowitz-Fredericks C, McQuoid J, Sheon N, Olson S, Ling PM. Voluntary Smoke-Free Measures Among Oklahoma Nightlife Owners: Barriers and Facilitators. Health Promot Pract 2018; 20:196-205. [PMID: 29606038 DOI: 10.1177/1524839918764897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Smoke-free policies prevent exposure to secondhand smoke and encourage tobacco cessation. Local smoke-free policies that are more comprehensive than statewide policies are not allowed in states with preemption, including Oklahoma, which has the sixth highest smoking prevalence in the United States. In states with preemption, voluntary smoke-free measures are encouraged, but little research exists on venue owners' and managers' views of such measures, particularly in nightlife businesses such as bars and nightclubs. This article draws from semistructured interviews with 23 Oklahoma bar owners and managers, examining perceived risks and benefits of adopting voluntary smoke-free measures in their venues. No respondents expressed awareness of preemption. Many reported that smoke-free bars and nightclubs were an inevitable societal trend, particularly as younger customers increasingly expected smoke-free venues. Business benefits such as decreased operating and cleaning costs, improved atmosphere, and employee efficiency were more convincing than improved employee health. Concerns that voluntary measures created an uneven playing field among venues competing for customers formed a substantial barrier to voluntary measures. Other barriers included concerns about lost revenue and fear of disloyalty to customers, particularly older smokers. Addressing business benefits and a level playing field may increase support for voluntary smoke-free nightlife measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia McQuoid
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Sheon
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Olson
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pamela M Ling
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bulotaitė L, Šorytė D, Vičaitė S, Šidagytė R, Lakiša S, Vanadziņš I, Kozlova L, Eglīte M, Hopsu L, Salmi A, Lerssi-Uskelin J. Workplace health promotion in health care settings in Finland, Latvia, and Lithuania. Medicina (B Aires) 2017; 53:348-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
11
|
Mujika A, Arantzamendi M, Lopez-Dicastillo O, Forbes A. Health professionals' personal behaviours hindering health promotion: A study of nurses who smoke. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:2633-2641. [PMID: 28543954 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the views of current and ex-smoker nurses on their role in supporting patients to stop smoking. BACKGROUND Long-term conditions are closely linked to harmful lifestyle behaviours, including smoking and overeating. Health professionals have an important role to play in promoting healthier lifestyles. It has been described that nurses' health behaviours may be a barrier to their health promotion practice. There is a need to gain further understanding on why nurses' health promotion activity is influenced by their own health behaviour. DESIGN A secondary analysis of qualitative data gathered in 2010 in the context of a project that aimed to develop a smoking cessation intervention for nurses. METHODS Eleven transcripts of semi-structured interviews conducted with nurses (current and ex-smokers) working in one university hospital in Spain. Data were analysed using framework analysis. FINDINGS Nurses who smoked engaged in social justification in terms of social norms and work stress. Only nurses who had quit smoking were able to identify the negative feelings it generated and the effect that it had on their past health promotion practice. This was expressed by ex-smokers as an internal conflict that prevented them from supporting patients with their own habit. CONCLUSION Nurses who smoke may be inhibited as health promoters without being aware of it. Interventions that focus on helping these professionals deal with the challenges associated with these encounters are necessary if health promotion practices are to be enhanced. Targeting this conflict might also work to improve their lifestyle, which would expand the potential impact to professionals' own health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agurtzane Mujika
- School of Nursing, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Impuls Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Arantzamendi
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,ATLANTES Research Program, Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Olga Lopez-Dicastillo
- School of Nursing, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Impuls Research Group, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angus Forbes
- Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Blasche G, Pasalic S, Bauböck VM, Haluza D, Schoberberger R. Effects of Rest-Break Intention on Rest-Break Frequency and Work-Related Fatigue. HUMAN FACTORS 2017; 59:289-298. [PMID: 27760865 DOI: 10.1177/0018720816671605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present paper presents findings from two studies addressing the effects of the employee's intention to have rest breaks on rest-break frequency and the change of well-being during a workday. BACKGROUND Rest breaks are effective in avoiding an accumulation of fatigue during work. However, little is known about individual differences in rest-break behavior. METHOD In Study 1, the association between rest-break intention and the daily number of rest breaks recorded over 4 consecutive workdays was determined by generalized linear model in a sample of employees ( n = 111, 59% females). In Study 2, professional geriatric nurses ( n = 95 females) who worked over two consecutive 12-hour day shifts recorded well-being (fatigue, distress, effort motivation) at the beginning and the end of their shifts. The effect of rest-break intention on the change of well-being was determined by multilevel modeling. RESULTS Rest-break intention was positively associated with the frequency of rest breaks (Study 1) and reduced the increase of fatigue and distress over the workday (Study 2). CONCLUSION The results indicate that individual differences account for the number of breaks an employee takes and, as a consequence, for variations in the work-related fatigue and distress. APPLICATION Strengthening rest-break intentions may help to increase rest-break behavior to avoid the buildup of fatigue and distress over a workday.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bühler A, Schulze K, Rustler C, Scheifhacken S, Schweizer I, Bonse-Rohmann M. Tobacco prevention and reduction with nursing students: A non-randomized controlled feasibility study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2017; 48:48-54. [PMID: 27710824 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of tobacco use among nurses and nursing students is disproportionally high in Germany. However, from a public health perspective they are considered to be an important group for delivering smoking cessation interventions. As delivery of tobacco-related treatment depends on own smoking status, smoking prevention and cessation among the nursing professions is indicative for improving nurse and public health. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and effects of a comprehensive tobacco prevention and reduction program on psychosocial and environmental factors related to smoking behavior of nursing students. METHODS Between 2014 and 2015, a non-randomized, controlled feasibility study was conducted in 12 schools of nursing with 397 nursing students in Germany. Students in the intervention group received a program (ASTRA) consisting of an introductory session, steering committee workshop, stress prevention lessons, evidence-based smoking cessation intervention, and action project. Six months after baseline assessment, change in smoking-related protective and risk factors was determined. Secondary endpoints included smoking behavior. RESULTS The program was implemented in total in 5 of 7 intervention schools. About one third of smoking nursing students participated in a cessation intervention. The program seems to do better than a minimal intervention booklet in four primary outcomes: perceived descriptive, subjective, and injunctive norms towards smoking and nursing as well as perceived social support. As anticipated, there was no change in smoking behavior. CONCLUSIONS The applied approach is feasible and able to improve important smoking-related norm perceptions of student nurses and perception of social support. However, additional context measures to influence the settings of nursing education currently rather supporting smoking seem to be necessary in order to promote smoking cessation among nursing students and to scale up implementation of the program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Bühler
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, München, Parzivalstr. 25, D-80804, München, Germany.
| | - Katrin Schulze
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, München, Parzivalstr. 25, D-80804, München, Germany.
| | - Christa Rustler
- Deutsches Netzwerk rauchfreie Krankenhäuser (DNrfK), Pettenkoferstrasse 16-18, D-10247, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sabine Scheifhacken
- Deutsches Netzwerk rauchfreie Krankenhäuser (DNrfK), Pettenkoferstrasse 16-18, D-10247, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ines Schweizer
- Hochschule Esslingen, Flandernstr. 101, D-73732 Esslingen a.N., Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Smith DR, Leggat PA. An international review of tobacco smoking research in the nursing profession, 1976-2006. J Res Nurs 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1744987106074875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking represents a contentious issue in the nursing profession, and one that has now become an important topic in nursing research. Despite this fact, the epidemiological quality of research varies widely, and it has been difficult to accurately determine the true incidence of smoking among nurses. Given these inconsistencies, we conducted a state-of-the-art review to identify international trends in tobacco usage among nurses, to ascertain how the epidemiological quality of research has improved over the past 30 years, and also to elucidate the directions in which nursing research has evolved. A total of 73 English-language studies that met the inclusion criteria were located and analysed. Overall, our review suggests that, while tobacco smoking among nurses appears to be decreasing in many countries during recent years, the international trend is far from uniform, and some developed nations still report high smoking rates among their nursing staff. From a methodological perspective, the relative epidemiological quality of smoking research has also fluctuated over time, making it difficult to compare the results of one study to the next. Despite these caveats, tobacco smoking remains a key topic in nursing research, as well as a critically important occupational-health issue for the entire nursing profession. In order to make the next generation of tobacco research data as comparable as possible, future scholars should consider devising and implementing a standardised format for conducting international tobacco smoking research within the nursing profession.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Smith
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan, and Anton Breinl Centre for Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia,
| | - Peter A. Leggat
- Anton Breinl Centre for Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Hale N, Murphy AM, Adams JR, Williams CM. Effect of a smoke-free policy on staff attitudes and behaviours within an Australian metropolitan health service: a 3 year cross-sectional study. AUST HEALTH REV 2016; 41:7-12. [PMID: 27049930 DOI: 10.1071/ah15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective In 2010, Peninsula Health (Vic., Australia), became smoke free as part of the locally developed smoking prevention and cessation strategy. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a smoke-free policy on smoking status and employee attitudes over a 3-year period. Methods Data were collected by three surveys 6 months before and 6 months and 3 years after policy introduction. Demographic data, smoking status and attitudes to the introduction of the smoke-free policy were collected for analysis. Results There were 3224 individual responses collected over three time points with similar demographics at each time. There were fewer employees smoking at 6 months (P=0.010) and 3 years (P<0.001) after implementation of the policy. There were more employees who felt positive towards the policy 3 years after its introduction (P=0.028). There were greater odds of an employee not identifying as a smoker after the policy was in place than before the policy was implemented. Conclusions The introduction of a smoke-free policy within a health service was an upstream health intervention that was well accepted by staff and appeared to have a positive effect on smoking behaviours. What is known about the topic? There are an increasing number of environmental changes that seek to decrease smoking behaviours. Bans within workplaces have a direct effect on employee smoking behaviour. What does this paper add? Some employee groups demonstrated the greater odds of smoking when a smoke-free policy was in place. Employees felt positive towards this policy. What are the implications for practitioners? This policy change supports environmental changes affecting individual health-related behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hale
- Peninsula Health Community Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, Vic. 3199, Australia.
| | - Andrea M Murphy
- Peninsula Health Community Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, Vic. 3199, Australia.
| | - Jon R Adams
- Peninsula Health Community Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, Vic. 3199, Australia.
| | - Cylie M Williams
- Peninsula Health Community Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, Vic. 3199, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Klein H, Sterk CE, Elifson KW. Smoke and Mirrors: The Perceived Benefits of Continued Tobacco use Among Current Smokers. Health Psychol Res 2014; 2:1519. [PMID: 26973934 PMCID: PMC4768546 DOI: 10.4081/hpr.2014.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite 50+ years of public health efforts to reduce smoking rates in the United States, approximately one-fifth of the adults living in this country continue to smoke cigarettes. Previous studies have examined smokers’ risk perceptions of cigarette smoking, as well as the perceived benefits of quitting smoking. Less research has focused on the perceived benefits of smoking among current cigarette smokers. The latter is the main focus of the present paper. Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted with a community-based sample of 485 adult current cigarette smokers recruited from the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area between 2004 and 2007. Active and passive recruiting approaches were used, along with a targeted sampling strategy. Results revealed that most current cigarette smokers perceive themselves to experience benefits as a result of their cigarette use, including (among others) increased relaxation, diminished nervousness in social situations, enjoyment of the taste of cigarettes when smoking, and greater enjoyment of parties when smoking. Perceiving benefits from cigarette smoking was associated with a variety of tobacco use measures, such as smoking more cigarettes, an increased likelihood of chain smoking, and overall negative attitude toward quitting smoking, among others. Several factors were associated with the extent to which smokers perceived themselves to benefit from their tobacco use, including education attainment, the age of first purchasing cigarettes, the proportion of friends who smoked, hiding smoking from others, being internally-oriented regarding locus of control, and self-esteem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Klein
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Kensington Research Institute, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Claire E Sterk
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University , Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kirk W Elifson
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University , Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Connolly M, Floyd S, Forrest R, Marshall B. Mental health nurses' beliefs about smoking by mental health facility inpatients. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2013; 22:288-93. [PMID: 22897708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined beliefs of mental health nurses about smoking by clients, nurses, and visitors in inpatient facilities and identified the influence of years of experience, smoke-free status, and workplace on these beliefs. Data were collected by a survey, distributed via a nursing newsletter with approximately 600 members. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations explored the data. A total of 104 responses were received. Smoke-free status made significant differences to nurses' beliefs relating to prohibition of smoking for clients, staff, and visitors; concern about the effects of passive smoking; the role of smoking in the development of therapeutic relationships; smoking as a source of patient pleasure; and the role of smoking in symptom management. That half of the nurses who responded believe that smoking is helpful in the creation of therapeutic relationships is of concern. The nurse plays an important role model in promoting smoke-free lifestyles amongst clients, and the effects of positive role modelling could be lost if nurses continue to smoke with clients. The negative impacts of smoking on the physical health of mental health inpatients is considerable and well documented, and the creation of smoke-free inpatient mental health services can help to address these.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sherriff NS, Coleman L. Understanding the needs of smokers who work as routine and manual workers on building sites: results from a qualitative study on workplace smoking cessation. Public Health 2012. [PMID: 23200436 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The number of adults who smoke is decreasing, yet this decreasing trend is not spread evenly across the population, with the greatest number of smokers in the routine/manual worker (R/M) population. This study aimed to gain insight into the beliefs, behaviours and cessation needs of R/M smokers working on construction sites to inform the potential development of a work-based smoking cessation service. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative study in a work-based setting in the UK. METHODS Semi-structured focus group discussions and individual interviews (n = 23) with R/M employees on two development sites in London and seven employers. Data were analysed using a framework approach. RESULTS Key motivations for smoking continuance within this group were evident: physical effects, habit and routine, opportunity and social factors. Employees were knowledgeable about the negative health impacts of smoking, but showed limited awareness of smoking cessation services and aids available. Intentions to give up smoking were common, with favourable attitudes towards the development of a work-based smoking cessation service. CONCLUSION The milieu of construction sites means that tailored approaches to work-based smoking cessation programmes are needed to maximize potential benefits for both employees and employers. Reconsideration of current Smokefree legislation as it applies to the construction industry is also required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N S Sherriff
- Centre for Health Research, University of Brighton, Mayfield House, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PH, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sarna L, Bialous SA. A review of images of nurses and smoking on the World Wide Web. Nurs Outlook 2012; 60:S36-46. [PMID: 23036793 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of the World Wide Web, historic images previously having limited distributions are now widely available. As tobacco use has evolved, so have images of nurses related to smoking. Using a systematic search, the purpose of this article is to describe types of images of nurses and smoking available on the World Wide Web. Approximately 10,000 images of nurses and smoking published over the past century were identified through search engines and digital archives. Seven major themes were identified: nurses smoking, cigarette advertisements, helping patients smoke, "naughty" nurse, teaching women to smoke, smoking in and outside of health care facilities, and antitobacco images. The use of nursing images to market cigarettes was known but the extent of the use of these images has not been reported previously. Digital archives can be used to explore the past, provide a perspective for understanding the present, and suggest directions for the future in confronting negative images of nursing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Smith DR, Zhao I, Wang L. Smoking rates among hospital nurses in Longkou city, China. Nurs Health Sci 2012; 15:109-12. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Smith
- School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health; University of Newcastle; Ourimbah; New South Wales; Australia
| | - Isabella Zhao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane; Queensland; Australia
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Medicine; Longkou Chinese Medicine Hospital; Longkou; Shandong; China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chan CW, Perry L. Lifestyle health promotion interventions for the nursing workforce: a systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2012; 21:2247-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04213.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Sarna L, Bialous S, Ong M, Wells M, Kotlerman J. Nurses' treatment of tobacco dependence in hospitalized smokers in three states. Res Nurs Health 2012; 35:250-64. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.21476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
24
|
Sarna L, Bialous SA, Nandy K, Yang Q. Are quit attempts among U.S. female nurses who smoke different from female smokers in the general population? An analysis of the 2006/2007 tobacco use supplement to the current population survey. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2012; 12:4. [PMID: 22429917 PMCID: PMC3328253 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-12-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Smoking is a significant women's health issue. Examining smoking behaviors among occupational groups with a high prevalence of women may reveal the culture of smoking behavior and quit efforts of female smokers. The purpose of this study was to examine how smoking and quitting characteristics (i.e., ever and recent quit attempts) among females in the occupation of nursing are similar or different to those of women in the general population. Methods Cross-sectional data from the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey 2006/2007 were used to compare smoking behaviors of nurses (n = 2, 566) to those of non-healthcare professional women (n = 93, 717). Smoking characteristics included years of smoking, number of cigarettes, and time to first cigarette with smoking within the first 30 minutes as an indicator of nicotine dependence. Logistic regression models using replicate weights were used to determine correlates of ever and previous 12 months quit attempts. Results Nurses had a lower smoking prevalence than other women (12.1% vs 16.6%, p < 0.0001); were more likely to have ever made a quit attempt (77% vs 68%, p = 0.0002); but not in the previous 12 months (42% vs 43%, p = 0.77). Among those who ever made a quit attempt, nurses who smoked within 30 minutes of waking, were more likely to have made a quit attempt compared to other women (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.9, 5.1). When considering quit attempts within the last 12 months, nurses whose first cigarette was after 30 minutes of waking were less likely to have made a quit attempt compared to other females (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.98). There were no other significant differences in ever/recent quitting. Conclusions Smoking prevalence among female nurses was lower than among women who were not in healthcare occupations, as expected. The lack of difference in recent quit efforts among female nurses as compared to other female smokers has not been previously reported. The link between lower level of nicotine dependence, as reflected by the longer time to first cigarette, and lower quit attempts among nurses needs further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Berkelmans A, Burton D, Page K, Worrall-Carter L. Registered Nurses’ smoking behaviours and their attitudes to personal cessation. J Adv Nurs 2011; 67:1580-90. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Sarna L, Bialous SA, Rice VH, Wewers ME. Promoting tobacco dependence treatment in nursing education. Drug Alcohol Rev 2010; 28:507-16. [PMID: 19737209 DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ISSUES There are 17.3 million nurses worldwide, the largest group of health-care professionals, and they have great potential to address the epidemic of tobacco use and its related morbidity and mortality. However, the evidence indicates that the educational preparation of nurses for tobacco control remains inadequate. APPROACH This paper provides an overview of the efficacy of nurses in the delivery of smoking cessation interventions, existing tobacco control content in nursing educational programs, model curricula, teaching resources and strategies for reducing barriers to curricular change. KEY FINDINGS Despite the efficacy of nursing intervention for tobacco cessation, lack of appropriate knowledge and/or skill presents a major problem for implementation. An important factor fostering this lack of preparation is limited tobacco control content in current nursing educational programs. Barriers to enhancing and building this curricula include lack of preparation of educators, low priority for this content in an already overloaded curricula, negative attitudes, continued smoking by nursing students and/or faculty and lack of tested curricula. The availability of new tobacco control resources, including those specifically tailored for nurses can assist educators in teaching this content and nurses in implementing interventions. IMPLICATIONS Research and changes in policy are needed to ensure that nursing education includes essential content on tobacco control. CONCLUSION Nurses can be effective in delivering tobacco cessation interventions. Efforts are needed to promote curriculum that ensures that all nursing students and practicing nurses receive tobacco control content and are competent in the delivery of interventions; and to disseminate resources to nursing educators
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Perdikaris P, Kletsiou E, Gymnopoulou E, Matziou V. The relationship between workplace, job stress and nurses' tobacco use: a review of the literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2010; 7:2362-75. [PMID: 20623029 PMCID: PMC2898054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7052362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide a summary of the existing published knowledge on the possible relationship between the workplace as a stressor factor and nurses’ tobacco use. A systematic review of the literature from 1995 to 2009, using the MEDLINE database took place. Studies, that referred to nurses’ smoking habit exclusively or as a part of the study, were included in the review. 491 studies were retrieved and their titles/abstracts were examined systematically. Twenty one studies were retrieved for further consideration by a comprehensive literature review. Ten studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and they were examined further. There is a conflict on the possible relationship between workplace as a stressor factor and nurses’ smoking habits, because there is no evidence on if the nurses’ work environment causes smoking initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pantelis Perdikaris
- General Children’s Hospital of Athens «Panagiotis & Aglaia Kyriakou», Thivon & Livadias Str, GR 11523, Athens, Greece
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel.: +30-210-2235255; Fax: +30-210-2235255
| | - Eleni Kletsiou
- Coronary Care Unit University Hospital of Athens “Attikon”, 1 Rimini Str, GR 12462, Athens, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Elpida Gymnopoulou
- Faculty of Medicine, National & Kapodestrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias Str, GR 11523, Athens, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Vasiliki Matziou
- Faculty of Nursing, National & Kapodestrian University of Athens, 123 Papadiamantopoulou Str, GR 11523, Athens, Greece; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
González S, Bennasar M, Pericàs J, Seguí P, De Pedro J. Spanish primary health care nurses who are smokers: this influence on the therapeutic relationship. Int Nurs Rev 2010; 56:381-6. [PMID: 19702814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00719.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the perception of Primary Health Care (PHC) female nurses in the Balearic Islands in Spain who are smokers, regarding the suitability of their anti-smoking therapeutic relationships with their clients. Also, to identify what factors they consider may determine why nurses smoke less in PHC than in specialized care (SC). BACKGROUND Backed by the signing of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), a new Anti-Smoking law has been in force in Spain since 2006. This legislation limits the places where tobacco may be consumed. PHC nurses, because of their professional abilities, their number and their direct contact with society on all accounts - both health- and illness-wise - and also because of the proven efficacy of their interventions in the fight against the smoking habit, are called upon to play an important role against the smoking habit in the 21st century. METHOD A qualitative study using a semi-structured interview with 15 PHC female nurses who are smokers. FINDINGS Regarding the therapeutic relationship, basically two attitudes are adopted: first, blaming themselves and feeling uncomfortable and inadequate to be able to help someone to give up smoking or, second, considering themselves to be in an optimum situation in which to be able to help by sharing their addiction and thereby understanding and empathizing much more with clients. PHC nurses believe they smoke less than SC nurses as a result of a greater degree of awareness. CONCLUSION We would suggest that SC nurses should acquire a more relevant role in the fight against the smoking habit. In light of their capacity, commitment and efficacy, we believe there is a case for total autonomy as far as their role as therapists in breaking smoking habits is concerned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S González
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Val Palumbo M, Rambur B, McIntosh B, Naud S. Registered nurses' perceptions of health and safety related to their intention to leave. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:95-103. [PMID: 20210261 DOI: 10.3928/08910162-20100216-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined perceptions of general and emotional health among a statewide sample of nurses, and their assessment of employers' workplace health and safety initiatives. These variables and demographic data were then used to model predictors of intention to leave their work positions. A survey was mailed to all registered nurses in one state. Fifty-three percent responded (n = 3,955). Findings suggested marked differences in perception of emotional health by age, with younger nurses reporting less positive perceptions of their emotional health. Perceptions of employers' safety and health initiatives varied by age, setting, and work role. Predictors of intention to leave included lower perceived emotional health among younger nurses and employer safety initiatives for both age groups. This exploratory study suggests a relationship among employer health and safety practices, nurses' emotional health, and intention to leave. Implications for occupational health nurses are detailed.
Collapse
|
32
|
Palumbo MV, Rambur B, McIntosh B, Naud S. Registered Nurses' Perceptions of Health and Safety Related to Their Intention to Leave. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/216507991005800303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined perceptions of general and emotional health among a statewide sample of nurses, and their assessment of employers' workplace health and safety initiatives. These variables and demographic data were then used to model predictors of intention to leave their work positions. A survey was mailed to all registered nurses in one state. Fifty-three percent responded ( n = 3,955). Findings suggested marked differences in perception of emotional health by age, with younger nurses reporting less positive perceptions of their emotional health. Perceptions of employers' safety and health initiatives varied by age, setting, and work role. Predictors of intention to leave included lower perceived emotional health among younger nurses and employer safety initiatives for both age groups. This exploratory study suggests a relationship among employer health and safety practices, nurses' emotional health, and intention to leave. Implications for occupational health nurses are detailed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Sarna L, Bialous S, Wewers ME, Froelicher ES, Wells MJ, Kotlerman J, Elashoff D. Nurses trying to quit smoking using the Internet. Nurs Outlook 2009; 57:246-56. [PMID: 19789002 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nurses QuitNet, an Internet-based smoking cessation program, was created to support nurses' quit attempts. The purposes of this study were to evaluate quit attempts at 3, 6, and 12 months after the use of the program and to determine differences in demographic, professional, and smoking characteristics by smoking status. Differences in the use of quit methods, barriers, and facilitators to quitting also were assessed. Data among 246 smokers who responded to at least 1 follow-up email at 3, 6, or 12 months after registration were analyzed. Quit rates among respondents were 43% (3 months), 45% (6 months), and 53% (12 months). Total time on the website was significantly higher for those who quit. Barriers to quitting included lack of support from colleagues, stress, lack of cessation services, and fear of not getting a work-break. Facilitators included working in a smoke-free facility, support from colleagues, and workplace cessation services. The use of Nurses QuitNet demonstrated promise in supporting quit attempts. Quitting was influenced by workplace factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- University of California, School of Nursing, 700 Tiverton Ave, Box 956918, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dwyer T, Bradshaw J, Happell B. Comparison of mental health nurses' attitudes towards smoking and smoking behaviour. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2009; 18:424-33. [PMID: 19883414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2009.00628.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is widely recognized as an important public health issue for the general population and in the mental health field where the rates are particularly high. Mental health nurses are well positioned to take an active role in encouraging and supporting people diagnosed with mental illness to cease smoking. Information about smoking behaviour and the attitudes of mental health nurses is necessary to develop strategies to prepare nurses for this important role. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the smoking behaviour and attitudes of mental health nurses in Queensland, Australia, through a random selection of mental health nurses (n = 289). Smoking rates (16%) in this study were lower than those for the Australian population. Smokers were significantly (P < 0.001) less likely to agree that health-care facilities should promote a healthy environment. All participants, but predominantly those who smoked (P < 0.001), supported the individual's right to smoke. Participants believed they possessed appropriate skills to deliver the antismoking message effectively, although stronger beliefs were characteristic of non-smokers. Participants who smoked perceived that their smoking status assisted in facilitating interactions with consumers (P < 0.001). The findings have implications for the health promotion activities of mental health nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trudy Dwyer
- Department of Health Innovation, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bialous SA, Sarna L, Wells M, Elashoff D, Wewers ME, Froelicher ES. Characteristics of nurses who used the Internet-based nurses QuitNet for smoking cessation. Public Health Nurs 2009; 26:329-38. [PMID: 19573211 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking among nurses is higher than other health care professionals but nurse-specific cessation programs are limited. Nurses QuitNet, launched in January 2004, provided an evidence-based online smoking cessation program for nurses and nursing students. OBJECTIVES To describe Nurses QuitNet registrants and relationships among the demographic and smoking characteristics, program dissemination strategies, and site utilization patterns. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE 1,790 Nurses QuitNets registrants. MEASUREMENTS Demographics and smoking characteristics on the Nurses QuitNet intake questionnaire. RESULTS Most registrants were female (92.5%), 45-54 years old (34.3%), Caucasian (84.5%), and college graduates (57.5%). Over 68% smoked 10-20 cigarettes/day; 66.4% smoked within 30 min of waking. Half of those with previous quit attempts did not use evidence-based methods; 30% had not made a quit attempt in the past year. "Read-only" social support was the most frequently used Nurses Quitnet feature. CONCLUSIONS The Internet can be a viable option to support nurses' cessation and is available to accommodate their work schedules. The sample is similar to the general nursing population, except for higher levels of education. Efforts are needed to assist nurses struggling with nicotine addiction and disseminate cessation resources, particularly targeting nurses with the highest prevalence of current smoking, for example licensed practical nurses.
Collapse
|
36
|
Sarna L, Aguinaga Bialous S, Wells MJ, Kotlerman J, Froelicher ES, Wewers ME. Do you need to smoke to get a break?: smoking status and missed work breaks among staff nurses. Am J Prev Med 2009; 37:S165-71. [PMID: 19591757 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of missed work breaks by smoking status in healthcare settings is unknown. The work routines of nurses (Registered Nurses [RNs] and Licensed Practical Nurses [LPNs]), who smoke at higher rates than other health professionals, may be influenced by smokers who use breaks to avoid nicotine withdrawal. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between nurses' smoking status and work breaks and to explore the relationships among personal, professional, and workplace variables associated with missed work breaks. METHODS A web-based survey of 2589 staff nurses from 34 hospitals was conducted in 2006. Each hospital had been designated as a Magnet hospital by the American Nurses Credentialing Center. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The majority (90%) were nonsmokers; 97% were RNs. Missed breaks were common (70%) and differed by smoking status: 59% of smokers and 72% of nonsmokers frequently missed work breaks. Multivariate logistic regression determined that nonsmokers (OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.36, 2.42), LPNs (OR=2.37, 95% CI=1.16, 4.84), older nurses (OR 1.02, 95% CI=1.01, 1.03), those in emergency rooms (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.25, 2.47), and in intensive care units (OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.22, 2.09) were more likely to miss breaks. CONCLUSIONS Missed work breaks were common among nurses. Those who did not smoke were almost twice as likely to miss their work breaks as compared to smokers. Inequities in breaks, especially by smoking status, may cause dissension in the workplace and negatively affect patient care. Policies that support work breaks for all nurses are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-6918, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Essenmacher C, Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Lynch-Sauer J, Duffy SA. Staff's attitudes toward the delivery of tobacco cessation services in a primarily psychiatric Veterans Affairs hospital. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2009; 23:231-42. [PMID: 19446778 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2008.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To prepare for improving the delivery of cessation services in a primarily psychiatric Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital, the investigators surveyed (n = 150) and interviewed (n = 8) clinical and nonclinical staff to determine staff's characteristics associated with attitudes about providing cessation services and to seek suggestions about what would be important to include in a tobacco cessation program. Almost one third reported that they currently use tobacco products. Almost three quarters said that they felt that the VA should be doing more to assist patients to quit smoking, yet only approximately one quarter said that they personally provide cessation services. Over half felt moderately, very, or extremely confident in providing cessation services. Multivariate analyses showed that higher education and, surprisingly, not being a nurse were associated with feeling that it was important to provide cessation services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Essenmacher
- Battle Creek VA Medical Center, Battle Creek, MI; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Radsma J, Bottorff JL. Counteracting ambivalence: Nurses who smoke and their health promotion role with patients who smoke. Res Nurs Health 2009; 32:443-52. [DOI: 10.1002/nur.20332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
39
|
Kravits K, McAllister-Black R, Grant M, Kirk C. Self-care strategies for nurses: A psycho-educational intervention for stress reduction and the prevention of burnout. Appl Nurs Res 2009; 23:130-8. [PMID: 20643322 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Revised: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this project is to develop and evaluate a psycho-educational program that assists nurses to develop stress management plans. Discussion of nursing-specific risk factors, practice with relaxation techniques, and exploration via art are used as interventions. Quantitative and qualitative measures of stress and burnout are conducted pre- and postcourse using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain Art Assessment, and wellness plans. Descriptive statistics are used, and preliminary analysis indicates that the course is useful in impacting levels of emotional exhaustion. There are opportunities for evolving the program so that more enduring change in self-care is generated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Kravits
- Department of Nursing Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sheffer C, Stitzer M, Wheeler JG. Smoke-free medical facility campus legislation: support, resistance, difficulties and cost. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2009; 6:246-58. [PMID: 19440281 PMCID: PMC2672337 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph6010246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Although medical facilities restrict smoking inside, many people continue to smoke outside, creating problems with second-hand smoke, litter, fire risks, and negative role modeling. In 2005, Arkansas passed legislation prohibiting smoking on medical facility campuses. Hospital administrators (N=113) were surveyed pre- and post-implementation. Administrators reported more support and less difficulty than anticipated. Actual cost was 10–50% of anticipated cost. Few negative effects and numerous positive effects on employee performance and retention were reported. The results may be of interest to hospital administrators and demonstrate that state legislation can play a positive role in facilitating broad health-related policy change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sheffer
- Health Behavior and Health Education Department, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St #820, Little Rock, AR 72205, U.S.A
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail:
; Tel.: +1-501-526-6613; Fax: +1-501-526-6709
| | - Maxine Stitzer
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5510 Nathan Shock, U.S.A.; E-mail:
(M. S.)
| | - J. Gary Wheeler
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St Little Rock, AR 72205, U.S.A.; E-mail:
(J. G. W.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking trends among nurses are important to monitor as smoking negatively affects their health and decreases their likelihood of providing cessation interventions to patients. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to describe the changes in smoking trends in the participants in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) cohorts over 27 years. METHODS An analysis of biennial changes in smoking status and cigarette consumption within nine 5-year birth cohorts (1920-1924 to 1960-1964) and age-specific mortality rates by smoking status were examined in 237,648 female registered nurses (RNs): NHS (ages of 30-55 years in 1976, followed through 2002) and NHS II (ages of 25-42 years in 1989, followed through 2003). RESULTS Current smokers constituted 33.2% of NHS in 1976 and 13.5% of NHS II in 1989. Smoking rates declined in all birth cohorts; 8.4% were smoking in 2002/2003. Seventy-nine percent of nurses who ever smoked had quit. The mean cigarettes per day declined over time but still exceeded half a pack per day (15.1 cigarettes) at the end of follow-up. The mortality rate among current smokers was higher than that of former smokers and was approximately twice that of never smokers in all age categories; those who smoked were more likely to have comorbid conditions. DISCUSSION This study provides the first report of smoking trends among RNs in the NHS. The decline in smoking rate among female nurses mirrors the decline in smoking rate among women in the United States over the past 25 years. Increased mortality and morbidity rates indicate the devastating cost of smoking to the profession and can provide support for the urgent need for further research to encourage continued smoking cessation efforts for nursing professionals.
Collapse
|
42
|
Grossman J, Donaldson S, Belton L, Oliver RH. 5 A's Smoking Cessation with Recovering Women in Treatment. J Addict Nurs 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10884600801896918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
43
|
Schultz ASH, Bottorff JL, Johnson JL. An ethnographic study of tobacco control in hospital settings. Tob Control 2006; 15:317-22. [PMID: 16885581 PMCID: PMC2563608 DOI: 10.1136/tc.2005.015388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco control in hospital settings is characterised by a focus on protection strategies and an increasing expectation that health practitioners provide cessation support to patients. While practitioners claim to have positive attitudes toward supporting patient cessation efforts, missed opportunities are the practice norm. OBJECTIVE To study hospital workplace culture relevant to tobacco use and control as part of a mixed-methods research project that investigated hospital-based registered nurses' integration of cessation interventions. DESIGN The study was conducted at two hospitals situated in British Columbia, Canada. Data collection included 135 hours of field work including observations of ward activities and designated smoking areas, 85 unstructured conversations with nurses, and the collection of patient-care documents on 16 adult in-patient wards. RESULTS The findings demonstrate that protection strategies (for example, smoking restrictions) were relatively well integrated into organisational culture and practice activities but the same was not true for cessation strategies. An analysis of resources and documentation relevant to tobacco revealed an absence of support for addressing tobacco use and cessation. Nurses framed patients' tobacco use as a relational issue, a risk to patient safety, and a burden. Furthermore, conversations revealed that nurses tended to possess only a vague awareness of nicotine dependence. CONCLUSION Overcoming challenges to extending tobacco control within hospitals could be enhanced by emphasising the value of addressing patients' tobacco use, raising awareness of nicotine dependence, and improving the availability of resources to address addiction issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette S H Schultz
- Helen Glass Centre for Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Tobacco use is considered to be the single most preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality among men and women. It is well documented that tobacco cessation reduces the burden of disease significantly and is cost effective. Efficacious therapy for tobacco dependence exists, and nurses have been shown to be effective tobacco cessation interventionists. Given the large number of nurses in the United States, nurses can influence national health objectives of reduced tobacco use significantly and help to decrease the number of adults at risk for tobacco-attributable disease and death. The objectives of this presentation are to (a) describe the scientific evidence for tobacco cessation interventions, based on the U.S. clinical practice guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence; (b) present the meta-analytic findings of the efficacy of nursing interventions for smoking cessation; (c) discuss barriers to nursing research and tobacco interventions; and (d) provide future directions for nursing intervention research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Wewers
- School of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Room 432, Cunz Hall, 1841 Millikin Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California at San Francisco, 94143, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sarna L, Bialous S, Barbeau E, McLellan D. Strategies to implement tobacco control policy and advocacy initiatives. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2006; 18:113-22, xiii. [PMID: 16546014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Critical care nursing organizations and individual critical care nurses can have an important impact on tobacco-related health policies. This article reviews the importance of critical care nursing involvement in policy efforts to achieve tobacco control goals, barriers to such involvement, and strategies to implement successful tobacco control policy initiatives. The involvement of the Association of Critical-Care Nurses and other nursing organizations in the Nursing Leadership in Tobacco Control Task Force is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sarna
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Avenue, Box 95918, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|