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Tolvanen L, Ghilotti F, Adami HO, Ye W, Bonn SE, Bellocco R, Lagerros YT. Prospective study of weight loss and all-cause-, cardiovascular-, and cancer mortality. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5669. [PMID: 37024633 PMCID: PMC10079666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of repeated weight changes on mortality are not well established. In this prospective cohort study, we followed 34,346 individuals from 1997 to 2018 for all-cause mortality, and 2016 for cause-specific mortality. At baseline, participants self-reported amount and frequency of prior weight loss. During 20.6 (median) years of follow-up, we identified 5627 deaths; 1783 due to cancer and 1596 due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used Cox Proportional Hazards models to estimate multivariable-adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Participants with a weight loss > 10 kg had higher rates of all-cause (HR 1.22; 95%CI 1.09-1.36) and CVD mortality (HR 1.27; 95%CI 1.01-1.59) compared to individuals with no weight loss. Men who had lost > 10 kg had higher all-cause (HR 1.55; 95%CI 1.31-1.84) and CVD mortality (HR 1.55; 95%CI 1.11-2.15) compared to men with no weight loss. Participants who had lost ≥ 5 kg three times or more prior to baseline had increased rates of all-cause (HR 1.16; 95%CI 1.03-1.30) and CVD mortality (HR 1.49; 95%CI 1.20-1.85) compared to participants with no weight loss. We found no association between weight loss and cancer mortality. We conclude that previous and repeated weight loss may increase all-cause and CVD mortality, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Tolvanen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Center for Obesity, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Francesca Ghilotti
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Effectiveness Group, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephanie E Bonn
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rino Bellocco
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ylva Trolle Lagerros
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Obesity, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rawal S, Johnson BR, Young HN, Gaye B, Sattler ELP. Association of Life's Simple 7 and ideal cardiovascular health in American Indians/Alaska Natives. Open Heart 2023; 10:openhrt-2022-002222. [PMID: 37024244 PMCID: PMC10083851 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) are an understudied population at high risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); little is known about contextual factors contributing to CVDs in AI/ANs. This study examined the association of Life's Simple 7 (LS7) factors and social determinants of health (SDH) with CVD outcomes in a nationally representative sample of AI/ANs. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8497 AI/ANs using 2017 Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data. Individual LS7 factors were summarised as ideal and poor levels. Coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and stroke were defined as CVD outcomes. Healthcare access measures represented SDH. Logistic regression analyses examined associations of LS7 factors and SDH with CVD outcomes. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) quantified individual contributions of LS7 factors to CVD outcomes. RESULTS N=1,297 (15%) participants with CVD outcomes were identified. Smoking, physical inactivity, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were LS7 factors associated with CVD outcomes. Hypertension was the largest contributor to CVD (aPAF 42%; 95% CI 37% to 51%), followed by hyperlipidaemia (aPAF 27%; 95% CI 17% to 36%) and diabetes (aPAF 18%; 95% CI 7% to 23%). Compared with individuals with poor LS7 levels, participants with ideal levels showed 80% lower odds of CVD outcomes (aOR 0.20; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.25). Access to health insurance (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.89) and a regular care provider (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.76) were associated with CVD outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Effective interventions are needed to address SDH and attain ideal LS7 factors to improve cardiovascular health among AI/ANs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Rawal
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Blake Ryan Johnson
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Henry Nolan Young
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Bamba Gaye
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
- Universite de Paris Faculte de Sante, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Lilian Pia Sattler
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Teh WL, Abdin E, P V A, Siva Kumar FD, Roystonn K, Wang P, Shafie S, Chang S, Jeyagurunathan A, Vaingankar JA, Sum CF, Lee ES, van Dam RM, Subramaniam M. Measuring social desirability bias in a multi-ethnic cohort sample: its relationship with self-reported physical activity, dietary habits, and factor structure. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:415. [PMID: 36859251 PMCID: PMC9979418 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social desirability bias is one of the oldest forms of response bias studied in social sciences. While individuals may feel the need to fake good or bad answers in response to sensitive or intrusive questions, it remains unclear how rampant such a bias is in epidemiological research pertaining to self-reported lifestyle indicators in a multicultural Asian context. The main purpose of the current study is, therefore, to examine the sociodemographic correlates and impact of social desirability responding on self-reported physical activity and dietary habits at an epidemiological scale in a non-western multi-cultural Asian setting. METHODS Prior to the main analyses, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine the factorial validity of a western derived concept of social desirability. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data (n = 2995) extracted from a nationwide survey conducted between 2019 and 2020. RESULTS A unique factor structure of social desirability was found and was therefore used for subsequent analyses. Multiple regression analyses revealed older age groups, the Indian ethnic group, those with past or present marriages, and having no income, had a significantly greater tendency to act on the bias. CONCLUSION The construct of social desirability bias was fundamentally different in a multicultural context than previously understood. Only a small proportion of variance of self-report lifestyle scores was explained by social desirability, thus providing support for data integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin Teh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asharani P V
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi Siva Kumar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumarasan Roystonn
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link. Nexus@One-North, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, Singapore.,Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
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Ramón-Arbués E, Granada-López JM, Martínez-Abadía B, Echániz-Serrano E, Antón-Solanas I, Jerue BA. The Association between Diet and Sleep Quality among Spanish University Students. Nutrients 2022; 14:3291. [PMID: 36014796 PMCID: PMC9415359 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While it has long been recognized that diet is a leading behavioral risk factor for human health, recent scientific findings have also suggested that diet and sleep quality may be connected. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the association between diet and sleep quality among a group of Spanish university students. To do so, a cross-sectional study of 868 students was carried out. Sleep quality was assessed using the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while diet was assessed using the Spanish Healthy Eating Index (SHEI). The study revealed a noteworthy rate of bad sleepers (51.6%) and students whose diet needed modifications (82.2%). Unhealthy eaters were more likely to have poor sleep quality (aOR = 4.20; CI 95%: 2.07-8.52). The unbalanced intake of vegetables (aOR = 1.63; CI 95%: 1.14-2.34), fruits (aOR = 4.08; CI 95%: 2.90-5.74), dairy products (aOR = 1.96; CI 95%: 1.41-2.72), lean meats (aOR = 1.82; CI 95%: 1.19-2.78), legumes (aOR = 1.43; CI 95%: 1.00-2.02), sweets (aOR = 1.60; CI 95%: 1.13-2.25) and sugary soft drinks (aOR = 1.46; CI 95%: 1.07-1.99) was associated with lower sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group Cultural Transferences and International Projection of Aragonese Culture (H27_20D-TRANSFERCULT), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Granada-López
- Research Group Cultural Transferences and International Projection of Aragonese Culture (H27_20D-TRANSFERCULT), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- GIISA021—Seguridad y Cuidados Research Group, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Blanca Martínez-Abadía
- Occupational Health and Prevention Service of the Zaragoza City Council, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- Research Group Cultural Transferences and International Projection of Aragonese Culture (H27_20D-TRANSFERCULT), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- GIIS094—Grupo Enfermero de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Aragón (GENIAPA), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Benjamin Adam Jerue
- Faculty of Communication and Social Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
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Tang JS, Haslam RL, Ashton LM, Fenton S, Collins CE. Gender differences in social desirability and approval biases, and associations with diet quality in young adults. Appetite 2022; 175:106035. [PMID: 35405222 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Social desirability and approval biases can influence self-report of diet, contributing to inaccurate assessment. Biases may be influenced by sex. This study examined gender differences in social desirability and approval, and diet quality in young adults, and relationships between social biases and diet quality. Data from 1003 young adults participating in the Advice, Ideas and Motivation for My Eating trial, median age 21.7 years, BMI 24.7 kg/m2 were included. Biases were measured using Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale Short-Form, Martin Larsen Approval Motivation Scale, and diet quality using the Australian Recommended Food Score. Pearson chi-square, t-test and Wilcoxon tests evaluated gender differences and Spearman's rank-order tested strengths of correlations between biases and diet quality. Social desirability did not differ by gender, however females reported higher social approval scores than males (p = 0.009). Among females, there was a positive correlation between social desirability and diet quality (p = 0.002), and between social approval and dairy sub-scale (p < 0.001); and a negative correlation between social approval and vegetable subscale (p = 0.045). Among males there were no correlations between social desirability or social approval and overall diet quality. Social approval may be more common in females and influence self-reported diet. To address bias and mis-reporting errors, future studies should account for participants' social desirability and/or social approval status, especially among young adult females. Further research is needed to explore gender differences in social desirability and approval in young adults, and associations between social biases and diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jei Sey Tang
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Lee M Ashton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; College of Human and Social Futures, School of Education, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Sasha Fenton
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Clare E Collins
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Kaur S, Ming NC, Lli YW, Ai Ni T, Ling CW. Identifying dietary pattern associated with adiposity among Malaysian young adults. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-211541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recognizing food groups consumption in young adults offers an opportunity to improve dietary pattern in early adulthood. OBJECTIVE: Hence, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine food groups’ intake of young adults and to identify food groups associated with adiposity. METHODS: Youths aged 18–25 years old from private universities in Klang Valley, Malaysia, participated in the study (n = 294). Three days 24-hour dietary recall assessed youths’ food groups intake. Adiposity (BMI, body fat percentage, visceral fat level, waist circumference) was determined based on standard protocol. Height was measured using SECA 206 body meter, while weight, body fat percentage, and visceral fat level were measured using the Omron HBF-356 Body Fat Analyzer. Waist circumference was determined using a measuring tape. RESULTS: In total, 49.3% and 34.7% of youths were overweight/obese and abdominally obese, respectively. The median visceral fat level was 4 (6). Youths consumed 214 (247) kcal of ultra-processed foods daily and exceeded the sugar [32.43 (41.20) g] and sodium recommendation [2425.26 (1455.18) mg]. Fruits [0.29±0.72 servings/day], vegetables [0.95±0.77 servings/day] and milk [0.24±0.38 servings/day] were below recommendations. Increased intake of meat and sodium were associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, and visceral fat (p < 0.001). Greater intake of ultra-processed food was associated with high BMI (p = 0.009), waist circumference (p = 0.046), and visceral fat (p = 0.014). Besides, high sugar intake was associated with greater BMI (p = 0.003), body fat percentage (p = 0.020), and visceral fat (p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Meat, sugar, sodium, and ultra-processed foods were high-risk foods associated with adiposity among young adults. There is a need to improve education and support to promote healthy eating for chronic disease prevention related to metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satvinder Kaur
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ng Choon Ming
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, South Lagoon Road, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yap Wern Lli
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teoh Ai Ni
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chew Wan Ling
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Experimental auction confirmation that social desirability bias does not predict willingness to pay for eco-labeled goods. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/exp.2021.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
It is often assumed that consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for eco-labeled products in research settings is not because of a desire for environmental protection, but rather that they are socially compelled to make decisions that reflects favorably on them, limiting the validity of findings. Using a second-price Vickrey experimental auction, this study found higher WTP for an eco-labeled product than a comparable good, but that social desirability bias, measured by the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale, was not a significant predictor of WTP. Instead, environmental consciousness, environmental knowledge, education, and available information were stronger predictors of WTP for eco-labeled goods.
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Ramón-Arbués E, Granada-López JM, Martínez-Abadía B, Echániz-Serrano E, Antón-Solanas I, Jerue BA. Factors Related to Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1055 University Students. Nutrients 2021; 13:3512. [PMID: 34684513 PMCID: PMC8537817 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Given that there is only a limited body of evidence available concerning the dietary habits of Spanish university students, the present study assesses the quality of this group's diet, their adherence to the National Food-Based Dietary Guidelines, and the predictive factors of their diet quality. To do so, a cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 1055 students. The quality of the participants' diets was then analysed by using the Spanish Healthy Eating Index, and then their level of compliance was assessed in light of the dietary recommendations put forth by the Spanish Society for Community Nutrition. According to these standards, only 17.4% of the participants had a healthy diet. The level of compliance with the recommendations was poor, highlighting especially the low levels of "fruit" and "vegetables" that they consumed as well as high levels of "cold meats and cuts" and "sweets". The factors that predicted a worse diet are being male, living alone, low levels of physical activity, smoking, high alcohol intake, leading a sedentary lifestyle, psychological distress, and insomnia (p < 0.005). Furthermore, participants with low or high body weights showed signs of a higher quality diet (p < 0.001). The present findings suggest that a significant proportion of university students ought to change their dietary habits; these also attest to the importance of developing strategies that are directly targeted at university students in order to promote a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Research Group Transfercult (H27_20D), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.-M.G.-L.); (E.E.-S.)
| | - José-Manuel Granada-López
- Research Group Transfercult (H27_20D), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.-M.G.-L.); (E.E.-S.)
- Department of Physiatrics and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group Safety and Care (GIISA021), Institute of Research of Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Blanca Martínez-Abadía
- Occupational Health and Prevention Service, Zaragoza City Council, P° de La Mina 9, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- Research Group Transfercult (H27_20D), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.-M.G.-L.); (E.E.-S.)
- Department of Physiatrics and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Antón-Solanas
- Department of Physiatrics and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Group Nursing Research in Primary Care in Aragón (GENIAPA) (GIIS094), Institute of Research of Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Benjamin Adam Jerue
- Faculty of Communication and Social Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain;
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Gilmore DG, Longo A, Hand BN. The Association Between Obesity and Key Health or Psychosocial Outcomes Among Autistic Adults: A Systematic Review. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:4035-4043. [PMID: 34524584 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is linked with health and psychosocial outcomes among many populations. However, it is unclear the extent to which obesity is linked with these outcomes among autistic adults. We searched seven research databases for articles examining the association between obesity and autistic adults' health and psychosocial outcomes. Three studies found that obesity was associated with health outcomes, including: in-hospital mortality, risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and number of co-occurring medical conditions. One study found no significant association between autism diagnosis, mental health conditions, and body mass index. Obesity increases the risk of in-hospital mortality and some chronic conditions among autistic adults, highlighting the need for clinicians trained to promote weight management among autistic adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Gilmore
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Anne Longo
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Brittany N Hand
- The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, 228E Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Praxedes DRS, Pureza IROM, Vasconcelos LGL, Silva Júnior AE, Macena MDL, Florêncio TMDMT, Melo ISVD, Bueno NB. Association between energy intake under‐reporting and previous professional nutritional counselling in low‐income women with obesity: A cross‐sectional study. NUTR BULL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bhawra J, Kirkpatrick SI, Hammond D. Food insecurity among Canadian youth and young adults: insights from the Canada Food Study. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2021; 112:663-675. [PMID: 33620691 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored associations between socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported health, and household food security among young adults. METHODS National cohort study participants from Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton, and Halifax, Canada, aged 16-30 years (n = 2149) completed online surveys. Multinomial logistic regression, weighted to reflect age and sex proportions from the 2016 census, was conducted to examine associations between food security status and covariates. RESULTS Almost 30% of respondents lived in food-insecure households, with 19% in "moderately" food-insecure and 10% in "severely" food-insecure households. Respondents identifying as Black or Indigenous were more likely to live in moderately (AOR = 1.96, CI: 1.10, 3.50; AOR = 3.15, CI: 1.60, 6.20) and severely (AOR = 4.25, CI: 2.07, 8.74; AOR = 6.34, CI: 2.81, 14.30) food-insecure households compared with those identifying as mixed/other ethnicity. Respondents who found it "very difficult" to make ends meet were more likely to be moderately (AOR = 20.37, CI: 11.07, 37.46) and severely (AOR = 101.33, CI: 41.11, 249.77) food insecure. Respondents classified as "normal" weight (AOR = 0.64, CI: 0.43, 0.96) or overweight (AOR = 0.53, CI: 0.34, 0.83) were less likely to be moderately food insecure compared with those affected by obesity. Compared with "very good or excellent," "poor" health, diet quality, and mental health were each positively associated with severe food insecurity (AOR = 7.09, CI: 2.44, 20.61; AOR = 2.63, CI: 1.08, 6.41; AOR = 2.09, CI: 1.03, 4.23, respectively). CONCLUSION The high prevalence of correlates of food insecurity among young adults suggests the need for policies that consider the unique challenges (e.g., precarious income) and vulnerability associated with this life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Bhawra
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David Hammond
- School of Public Health & Health Systems, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, B.C. Matthews Hall, Rm. LHN 1716, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Trends and Predictors for the Uptake of Colon Cancer Screening Using the Fecal Occult Blood Test in Spain from 2011 to 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176222. [PMID: 32867168 PMCID: PMC7504712 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: In Spain, colorectal cancer screening using the fecal occult blood test, targeted towards the 50–69 age bracket, was implemented on different dates. We aim to assess the temporal trend of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake according to the year of screening implementation in each region and to identify predictors for the uptake of CRC screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 12,657 participants from the Spanish National Health Surveys 2011 and 2017 was used. Uptake rates were analyzed according to the date that the screening program was implemented. Results: For regions with programs implemented before 2011, the uptake rate increased 3.34-fold from 2011 to 2017 (9.8% vs. 32.7%; p < 0.001). For regions that implemented screening within the 2011–2016 period, the uptake rose from 4.3% to 13.2% (3.07-fold; p < 0.001), and for regions that implemented screening after 2016, the uptake increased from 3.4% to 8.8% (2.59-fold; p < 0.001). For the entire Spanish population, the uptake increased 3.21-fold (6.8% vs. 21.8%; p < 0.001). Positive predictors for uptake were older age, Spanish nationality, middle-to-high educational level, suffering chronic diseases, non-smoking and living in regions where screening programs were implemented earlier. Conclusions: The different periods for the implementation of CRC screening as well as sociodemographic and health inequalities may have limited the improvement in the screening uptake from 2011 to 2017 in Spain.
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Kusic DM, Roberts WN, Jarvis JP, Zhang P, Scheinfeldt LB, Rajula KD, Brenner R, Dempsey MP, Zajic SC. rs11670527 Upstream of ZNF264 Associated with Body Mass Index in the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative. Mil Med 2020; 185:649-655. [PMID: 31498392 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION the effects of obesity on health are a concern for the military as they affect the fitness to serve of active service members, increase costs to the Military Health System, and reduce quality of life for veterans and beneficiaries. Although obesity can be influenced by behavioral and environmental factors, it has also been shown to be associated with genetic risk factors that are not fully understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS we performed a genome-wide association study of 5,251 participants in the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative, which includes 2,111 Air Force participants. We applied a generalized linear model, using principal component analysis to account for population structure, and analyzed single-variant associations with body mass index (BMI) as a continuous variable, using a Bonferroni-corrected P-value threshold to account for multiplicity. RESULTS we identified one genome-wide significant locus, rs11670527, upstream of the ZNF264 gene on chromosome 19, associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS the finding of an association between rs11670527 and BMI adds to the growing body of literature characterizing the complex genetics of obesity. These efforts may eventually inform personalized interventions aimed at achieving and maintaining healthy weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara M Kusic
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
| | - Wendy N Roberts
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
| | - Joseph P Jarvis
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
| | - Pan Zhang
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
| | | | - Kaveri D Rajula
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
| | - Ruth Brenner
- Immunization Healthcare Division, Defense Health Agency, Falls Church, VA 22042
| | - Michael P Dempsey
- Defense Threat Reduction Agency, 8725 John J Kingman Rd., Fort Belvoir, VA 22060 Presented as a poster at the 2018 Military Health System Research Symposium, August 2018, Kissimmee, FL: abstract # MHSRS-18-1288
| | - Stefan C Zajic
- Coriell Institute for Medical Research, 403 Haddon Ave, Camden, NJ 08103
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