Symptom prevalence differences of depression as measured by BDI and PHQ scales in the Look AHEAD study

Changes in mood and health-related quality of life in Look AHEAD 6 years after termination of the lifestyle intervention

OBJECTIVE

The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study previously reported that intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) reduced incident depressive symptoms and improved health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over nearly 10 years of intervention compared with a control group (the diabetes support and education group [DSE]) in participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. The present study compared incident depressive symptoms and changes in HRQOL in these groups for an additional 6 years following termination of the ILI in September 2012.

METHODS

A total of 1,945 ILI participants and 1,900 DSE participants completed at least one of four planned postintervention assessments at which weight, mood (via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9), antidepressant medication use, and HRQOL (via the Medical Outcomes Scale, Short Form-36) were measured.

RESULTS

ILI participants and DSE participants lost 3.1 (0.3) and 3.8 (0.3) kg [represented as mean (SE); p = 0.10], respectively, during the 6-year postintervention follow-up. No significant differences were observed between groups during this time in incident mild or greater symptoms of depression, antidepressant medication use, or in changes on the physical component summary or mental component summary scores of the Short Form-36. In both groups, mental component summary scores were higher than physical component summary scores.

CONCLUSIONS

Prior participation in the ILI, compared with the DSE group, did not appear to improve subsequent mood or HRQOL during 6 years of postintervention follow-up.

Validity of self-reporting depression in the Tabari cohort study population

Aims

Depression is a common cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. To detect depression, we compared BDI‐II scoring as a valid tool with participants' self‐reporting depression.

Methods

The sample size was determined to include 155 participants with positive self‐reporting of depression in a total of 1300 samples with 310 healthy participants were included in the study through random selection. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of self‐reporting, BDI‐II was completed by blind interviewing to the case group as well as to another group who reported that they were not depressed, as control.

Results

Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive, false negative, positive, and negative predictive values of self‐reporting were calculated 58.4%, 79.1%,73.4%, 20.8%, 41.6%, 51.8%, and 83.2% for the total population, respectively, as well as, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive, and negative predictive values of self‐report in males were 83.3%, 77.2%, 77.1%, 43.8%, and 95.6% and 53.7%, 78.1%, 71.2%, 49.2%, and 81.1% for females, respectively.

Conclusion

The positive predictive value and sensitivity of self‐reporting are insufficient in total population and females, and therefore self‐reporting cannot detect depressed patients, but regarding to its average positive predictive value, perhaps, it can be used to identify nondepressant individuals.

The positive predictive value and sensitivity of self‐reporting are insufficient in total population and females, and therefore self‐reporting cannot detect depressed patients, but regarding its average positive predictive value, perhaps, it can be used to identify nondepressant individuals.