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Okamoto K, Nomura N, Fujiyoshi R, Umegaki K, Yamamoto H, Kobayashi K, Kozawa T. Dynamics of Radical Ions of Hydroxyhexafluoroisopropyl-Substituted Benzenes. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:9458-9465. [PMID: 29171952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorination of resist materials is an effective method used to enhance the energy deposition of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light in the fabrication of next-generation semiconductor devices. The dynamics of radical ions are important to understand when considering the radiation-chemistry of the resist materials using EUV and electron beam lithography. Here, the dynamics of the radical anions and cations of benzenes with one or two 2-hydroxyhexafluoroisopropyl groups (HFABs) were studied using radiolysis techniques. The formation of dimer radical cations was observed only in the monosubstituted benzene solutions of 1,2-dichloroethane. If the compound contained more than two substituents, it was found to hinder the necessary π-π overlapping. Pulse radiolysis of HFABs in tetrahydrofuran showed a characteristic spectral shift of the radical anion within the region of several hundred nanoseconds. From the results of low-temperature spectroscopy and density functional calculations, it is suggested that excess electrons of the 2-hydroxyhexafluoroisopropyl group of the radical anions cause dissociation into neutral radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Okamoto
- Division of Quantum Science and Engineering, Faculty/Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.,The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Naoya Nomura
- Division of Quantum Science and Engineering, Faculty/Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Ryoko Fujiyoshi
- Division of Quantum Science and Engineering, Faculty/Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kikuo Umegaki
- Division of Quantum Science and Engineering, Faculty/Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamamoto
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kobayashi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kozawa
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Sanders
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95136
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Liu B, Wang X, Wang Y, Yan W, Li H, Kim I. Palladium(II)-catalyzed addition polymerizations of nadimides with linear alkyl and alicyclic pendant groups. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ito H, Trinque BC, Kasai P, Willson CG. Penultimate effect in radical copolymerization of 2-trifluoromethylacrylates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ito H. The Photopolymer Science and Technology Award. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2007. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.20.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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