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Eplerenone Prevents Cardiac Fibrosis by Inhibiting Angiogenesis in Unilateral Urinary Obstruction Rats. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2022; 2022:1283729. [PMID: 36185701 PMCID: PMC9509279 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1283729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease constitutes the leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is termed cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS-4). Here, we report the development of pathological cardiac remodeling and fibrosis in unilateral urinary obstruction (UUO) rats. Methods Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to observe the pathology of myocardial tissue. The degree of myocardial tissue fibrosis was observed by Masson and Sirius red staining. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect the expression of CD34 and CD105 in myocardial tissue, and immunofluorescent staining was performed to examine the expression of CD34, collagen I/collagen III, and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The expression of the signal pathway-related proteins vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and interleukin (IL)-1β was tested by western blotting. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA levels of serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK)-1, NF-κB, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Results The results showed the development of pathological cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in UUO rats. Moreover, there was more angiogenesis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (End-MT) in the UUO group, and these effects were inhibited by eplerenone. Conclusions The results indicated that this cardiac fibrosis was associated with angiogenesis and that End-MT was related to aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation. Moreover, in association with the MR/IL-1β/VEGFA signaling pathway, early treatment with the MR antagonist eplerenone in rats with UUO-induced CKD may significantly attenuate MR activation and cardiac fibrosis.
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Dinarello A, Tesoriere A, Martini P, Fontana CM, Volpato D, Badenetti L, Terrin F, Facchinello N, Romualdi C, Carnevali O, Dalla Valle L, Argenton F. Zebrafish Mutant Lines Reveal the Interplay between nr3c1 and nr3c2 in the GC-Dependent Regulation of Gene Transcription. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052678. [PMID: 35269817 PMCID: PMC8910431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids mainly exert their biological functions through their cognate receptor, encoded by the nr3c1 gene. Here, we analysed the glucocorticoids mechanism of action taking advantage of the availability of different zebrafish mutant lines for their receptor. The differences in gene expression patterns between the zebrafish gr knock-out and the grs357 mutant line, in which a point mutation prevents binding of the receptor to the hormone-responsive elements, reveal an intricate network of GC-dependent transcription. Particularly, we show that Stat3 transcriptional activity mainly relies on glucocorticoid receptor GR tethering activity: several Stat3 target genes are induced upon glucocorticoid GC exposure both in wild type and in grs357/s357 larvae, but not in gr knock-out zebrafish. To understand the interplay between GC, their receptor, and the mineralocorticoid receptor, which is evolutionarily and structurally related to the GR, we generated an mr knock-out line and observed that several GC-target genes also need a functional mineralocorticoid receptor MR to be correctly transcribed. All in all, zebrafish mutants and transgenic models allow in vivo analysis of GR transcriptional activities and interactions with other transcription factors such as MR and Stat3 in an in-depth and rapid way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dinarello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Annachiara Tesoriere
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Paolo Martini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Camilla Maria Fontana
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Davide Volpato
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Lorenzo Badenetti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesca Terrin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Nicola Facchinello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Chiara Romualdi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Luisa Dalla Valle
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Argenton
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.); (C.M.F.); (D.V.); (L.B.); (F.T.); (N.F.); (C.R.); (F.A.)
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Sun X, Lu Y, Lei T. TPTEP1 suppresses high glucose-induced dysfunction in retinal vascular endothelial cells by interacting with STAT3 and targeting VEGFA. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:759-769. [PMID: 33576890 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vascular complication of diabetes mellitus that causes visual impairment and blindness. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to be involved in biological processes of several diseases including DR. We designed this study to investigate the specific role of TPTEP1 in DR. METHODS First, we mimicked diabetic conditions with high glucose (HG) stimulation of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRVECs) and measured TPTEP1 expression in HG-stimulated HRVECs using RT-qPCR analysis. Then, CCK-8, Transwell, and Matrigel tube formation assays as well as western blot analysis were performed to reveal the biological functions of TPTEP1 in HG-stimulated HRVECs. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull down, luciferase reporter and ChIP assays as well as western blot analysis evaluated the relationship of TPTEP1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in HG-stimulated HRVECs. Finally, to verify the regulation of the TPTEP1/STAT3/VEGFA axis in HG-stimulated HRVECs, rescue experiments were carried out in HG-stimulated HRVECs. RESULTS TPTEP1 presented a significant downregulation in HG-stimulated HRVECs. Additionally, TPTEP1 overexpression reduced viability, migration, and angiogenesis in HG-stimulated HRVECs. Moreover, TPTEP1 suppressed phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT3, and thereby downregulated VEGFA mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, TPTEP1 overexpression-mediated suppression of HG-induced dysfunction in HRVECs was countervailed by STAT3 upregulation or VEGFA upregulation. CONCLUSIONS TPTEP1 alleviated HG-induced dysfunction in HRVECs via interacting with STAT3 and targeting VEGFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuebing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450053, Henan, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 164, Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Xia Y, Chen J, Liu G, Huang W, Wei X, Wei Z, He Y. STIP1 knockdown suppresses colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibiting STAT3 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 341:109446. [PMID: 33766539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) plays an important role in cancer tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role of STIP1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore clinical significance, biological function and potential molecular mechanism of STIP1 in CRC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western bolt were performed to detect STIP1 protein level in CRC and adjacent normal tissues. DLD1 and HCT116 cell lines were treated with shSTIP1, cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 and colony formation assays, and cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell assays. Moreover, western blot and immunofluorescence assays were performed to explore the potential molecular mechanism of STIP1 in the progression of CRC. We found that STIP1 expression in CRC tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent normal tissues. High STIP1 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in CRC patients. Furthermore, secreted STIP1 promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion through STAT3 signaling pathway, while STIP1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, STIP1 knockdown suppressed the activation of STAT3 signaling pathway in CRC. In conclusion, STIP1 knockdown suppresses CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by inhibiting the activation of STAT3 signaling, and STIP1 is a potential target for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuJian Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 628, Shenyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518106, China
| | - WeiBin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - XiaoJing Wei
- Department of Medical Record Management, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 45 Taizhou Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225000, China
| | - ZheWei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - YuLong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Spencer S, Wheeler‐Jones C, Elliott J. Aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor in renal injury: A potential therapeutic target in feline chronic kidney disease. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2020; 43:243-267. [PMID: 32128854 PMCID: PMC8614124 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence supporting mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation as a powerful mediator of renal damage in laboratory animals and humans. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are proposed, with the strongest evidence supporting aldosterone-induced vasculopathy, exacerbation of oxidative stress and inflammation, and increased growth factor signalling promoting fibroblast proliferation and deranged extracellular matrix homeostasis. Further involvement of the MR is supported by extensive animal model experiments where MR antagonists (such as spironolactone and eplerenone) abrogate renal injury, including ischaemia-induced damage. Additionally, clinical trials have shown MR antagonists to be beneficial in human chronic kidney disease (CKD) in terms of reducing proteinuria and cardiovascular events, though current studies have not evaluated primary end points which allow conclusions to made about whether MR antagonists reduce mortality or slow CKD progression. Although differences between human and feline CKD exist, feline CKD shares many characteristics with human disease including tubulointerstitial fibrosis. This review evaluates the evidence for the role of the MR in renal injury and summarizes the literature concerning aldosterone in feline CKD. MR antagonists may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in feline CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Spencer
- Comparative Biomedical SciencesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
| | | | - Jonathan Elliott
- Comparative Biomedical SciencesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeLondonUK
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Barrera-Chimal J, Jaisser F. Vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation and disease. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107796. [PMID: 31521629 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor activation in endothelial and smooth muscle cells can promote vascular disease by increasing oxidative stress, promoting inflammation, accelerating vascular stiffness, remodeling, and calcification, altering vessel responsiveness to various vasoactive factors, thus altering vascular tone and blood pressure, and by altering angiogenesis. Here, we review the recent evidence highlighting the impact of vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation in pathological situations, including kidney injury, vascular injury associated with metabolic diseases, atherosclerosis, cerebral vascular injury during hypertension, vascular stiffening and aging, pulmonary hypertension, vascular calcification, cardiac remodeling, wound healing, inflammation, thrombosis, and disorders related to angiogenic defects in the eye. The possible mechanisms implicating mineralocorticoid receptor activation in various vascular disorders are discussed. Altogether, recent evidence points towards pharmacological mineralocorticoid receptor inhibition as a strategy to treat diseases in which overactivation of the mineralocorticoid receptor in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells may play a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Barrera-Chimal
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Cardiovascular y Trasplante Renal, Unidad de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- INSERM U1116, Clinical Investigation Centre, Lorraine University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists) F-CRIN Network, Nancy, France; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006, Paris, France.
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