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Fraire CR, Mallinger PR, Hatton JN, Kim J, Dickens DS, Argenta PA, Milanovich S, Hartshorne T, Carey DJ, Haley JS, Urban G, Lee J, Hill DA, Stewart DR, Schultz KAP, Chen KS. Intronic Germline DICER1 Variants in Patients With Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300189. [PMID: 37883719 PMCID: PMC10860953 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline pathogenic loss-of-function (pLOF) variants in DICER1 are associated with a predisposition for a variety of solid neoplasms, including pleuropulmonary blastoma and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT). The most common DICER1 pLOF variants include small insertions or deletions leading to frameshifts, and base substitutions leading to nonsense codons or altered splice sites. Larger deletions and pathogenic missense variants occur less frequently. Identifying these variants can trigger surveillance algorithms with potential for early detection of DICER1-related cancers and cascade testing of family members. However, some patients with DICER1-associated tumors have no pLOF variants detected by germline or tumor testing. Here, we present two patients with SLCT whose tumor sequencing showed only a somatic missense DICER1 RNase IIIb variant. Conventional exon-directed germline sequencing revealed no pLOF variants. Using a custom capture panel, we discovered novel intronic variants, ENST00000343455.7: c.1752+213A>G and c.1509+16A>G, that appear to interfere with normal splicing. We suggest that when no DICER1 pLOF variants or large deletions are discovered in exonic regions despite strong clinical suspicion, intron sequencing and splicing analysis should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paige R. Mallinger
- International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma (PPB)/DICER1 Registry, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor (OTST) Registry, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jessica N. Hatton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Jung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Peter A. Argenta
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Samuel Milanovich
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Sanford Roger Maris Cancer Center, Fargo, ND
| | - Taylor Hartshorne
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - David J. Carey
- Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA
| | - Jeremy S. Haley
- Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA
| | - Gretchen Urban
- Department of Genomic Health, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA
| | - Jeon Lee
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D. Ashley Hill
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St Louis, MO
| | - Douglas R. Stewart
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Kris Ann P. Schultz
- International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma (PPB)/DICER1 Registry, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- International Ovarian and Testicular Stromal Tumor (OTST) Registry, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kenneth S. Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Lau JCC, McCluggage WG, Yuen LYP, Shing MMK, Chan GCF, Yam FSD, Leung MWY, Ng WF, Liu APY. DICER1 -Altered Extraovarian Moderately Differentiated Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor: Report of a Rare Case. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2023; 42:421-425. [PMID: 36044308 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual case of a pelvic extraovarian moderately differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor arising in a 4-yr-old female. The tumor contained a DICER1 pathogenic variant which was absent in the germline ruling out DICER1 syndrome. In reporting this case, we discuss the differential diagnosis and possible histogenesis and review reported cases of extraovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor.
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Bortoletto AS, Parchem RJ. KRAS Hijacks the miRNA Regulatory Pathway in Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1563-1572. [PMID: 36946612 PMCID: PMC10183808 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies have focused on the misregulation of individual miRNAs in cancer. More recently, mutations in the miRNA biogenesis and processing machinery have been implicated in several malignancies. Such mutations can lead to global miRNA misregulation, which may promote many of the well-known hallmarks of cancer. Interestingly, recent evidence also suggests that oncogenic Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations act in part by modulating the activity of members of the miRNA regulatory pathway. Here, we highlight the vital role mutations in the miRNA core machinery play in promoting malignant transformation. Furthermore, we discuss how mutant KRAS can simultaneously impact multiple steps of miRNA processing and function to promote tumorigenesis. Although the ability of KRAS to hijack the miRNA regulatory pathway adds a layer of complexity to its oncogenic nature, it also provides a potential therapeutic avenue that has yet to be exploited in the clinic. Moreover, concurrent targeting of mutant KRAS and members of the miRNA core machinery represents a potential strategy for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina S. Bortoletto
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ronald J. Parchem
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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