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Patyra A, Kołtun-Jasion M, Jakubiak O, Kiss AK. Extraction Techniques and Analytical Methods for Isolation and Characterization of Lignans. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172323. [PMID: 36079704 PMCID: PMC9460740 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignans are a group of natural polyphenols present in medicinal plants and in plants which are a part of the human diet for which more and more pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and cytoprotective, are being reported. However, it is their cytotoxic activities that are best understood and which have shed light on this group. Two anticancer drugs, etoposide, and teniposide, were derived from a potent cytotoxic agent—podophyllotoxin from the roots of Podophyllum peltatum. The evidence from clinical and observational studies suggests that human microbiota metabolites (enterolactone, enterodiol) of dietary lignans (secoisolariciresinol, pinoresinol, lariciresinol, matairesinol, syringaresinol, medioresinol, and sesamin) are associated with a reduced risk of some hormone-dependent cancers. The biological in vitro, pharmacological in vivo investigations, and clinical studies demand significant amounts of pure compounds, as well as the use of well-defined and standardized extracts. That is why proper extract preparation, optimization of lignan extraction, and identification are crucial steps in the development of lignan use in medicine. This review focuses on lignan extraction, purification, fractionation, separation, and isolation methods, as well as on chromatographic, spectrometric, and spectroscopic techniques for their qualitative and quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Patyra
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.K.K.); Tel.: +48-662-11-77-90 (A.P.); +48-511-13-98-03 (A.K.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Kołtun-Jasion
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oktawia Jakubiak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Karolina Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.K.K.); Tel.: +48-662-11-77-90 (A.P.); +48-511-13-98-03 (A.K.K.)
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Li L, Zhao J, Yang T, Sun B. High-speed countercurrent chromatography as an efficient technique for large separation of plant polyphenols: a review. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Chen T, Wang S, Li H, Shen C, Yan S, Wei Y, Song Z, Li P, Li Y. Efficient One-Step Separation of Five Flavonoids from the Crude Extract of the Waste Pomace of Sea Buckthorn Berries through Counter-Current Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:578-583. [PMID: 34343279 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The pomace of sea buckthorn berries is usually discarded when transforming into nonalcoholic or alcoholic beverages, jellies, jams, juices, candies and dairy products. Here, we established a promising approach for one step separation of five flavonoids from the waste pomace of sea buckthorn berries through counter-current chromatography. The crude extract of waste pomace of sea buckthorn berries after juicing was injected into counter-current chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water (v/v/v/v, 5:7:5:7) as the solvent system. As a result, five flavonoids, including quercetin, laricitrin, isorhamnetin-7-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, were obtained in a single step separation. Our finding showed that ethanol is a good substitute for methanol to regulate the partition coefficient in hexane/ethyl acetate/ methanol/water system. This study provided a significant measure to utilize the waste pomace of Sea buckthorn berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shuping Yan
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yangfei Wei
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhibo Song
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peipei Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.,Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yulin Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China
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Chen T, Li H, Tan L, Li Y. Separation of 4’-demethyldeoxypodophyllotoxin from Sinopodophyllum emodi by medium-pressure LC and high-speed counter-current chromatography guided by HPLC-MS. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1287738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Liang Tan
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Li
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
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A combination strategy for extraction and isolation of multi-component natural products by systematic two-phase solvent extraction-(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance pattern recognition and following conical counter-current chromatography separation: Podophyllotoxins and flavonoids from Dysosma versipellis (Hance) as examples. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1431:184-196. [PMID: 26777088 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite of substantial developments of extraction and separation techniques, isolation of natural products from natural resources is still a challenging task. In this work, an efficient strategy for extraction and isolation of multi-component natural products has been successfully developed by combination of systematic two-phase liquid-liquid extraction-(13)C NMR pattern recognition and following conical counter-current chromatography separation. A small-scale crude sample was first distributed into 9 systematic hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (HEMWat) two-phase solvent systems for determination of the optimum extraction solvents and partition coefficients of the prominent components. Then, the optimized solvent systems were used in succession to enrich the hydrophilic and lipophilic components from the large-scale crude sample. At last, the enriched components samples were further purified by a new conical counter-current chromatography (CCC). Due to the use of (13)C NMR pattern recognition, the kinds and structures of major components in the solvent extracts could be predicted. Therefore, the method could collect simultaneously the partition coefficients and the structural information of components in the selected two-phase solvents. As an example, a cytotoxic extract of podophyllotoxins and flavonoids from Dysosma versipellis (Hance) was selected. After the systematic HEMWat system solvent extraction and (13)C NMR pattern recognition analyses, the crude extract of D. versipellis was first degreased by the upper phase of HEMWat system (9:1:9:1, v/v), and then distributed in the two phases of the system of HEMWat (2:8:2:8, v/v) to obtain the hydrophilic lower phase extract and lipophilic upper phase extract, respectively. These extracts were further separated by conical CCC with the HEMWat systems (1:9:1:9 and 4:6:4:6, v/v). As results, total 17 cytotoxic compounds were isolated and identified. In general, whole results suggested that the strategy was very efficient for the systematic extraction and isolation of biological active components from the complex biomaterials.
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Isolation of two new prenylated flavonoids from Sinopodophyllum emodi fruit by silica gel column and high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:190-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li S, Zhao M, Li Y, Sui Y, Yao H, Huang L, Lin X. Preparative isolation of six anti-tumour biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii Hieron by high-speed counter-current chromatography. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2014; 25:127-133. [PMID: 24115163 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biflavonoids are the primary constituents of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron, to which different bioactivities have been attributed, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fungal and anti-virus activity. However, effective methods for separation of these compounds are not currently available. OBJECTIVE To develop a high performance and bioassay-guided method for preparative isolation of biflavonoids from S. doederleini via high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). METHODS The anti-proliferation effects of four fractions (70% ethanol, petroleum ether, dichloromethane and acetic ether extracts) of S. doederleinii on five human cancer cells were monitored. The dichloromethane and acetic ether extracts showed good cytotoxicities to the studied cancer cell lines, guiding the subsequent separation. Two solvent systems composed of n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (1:2:1.5:1.5, v/v) and n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (3:2:3:2, v/v) were developed for separation of the active fractions, respectively. Identification of the biflavonoids was performed by EI-MS(n) , (1) H- and (13) C-NMR.' RESULTS Under the optimised conditions, 12.6 mg amentoflavone (91.4%), 6.6 mg robustaflavone (90.4%), 7.5 mg 2'', 3''-dihydro-3', 3'''-biapigenin (98.2%) and 7.3 mg 3', 3'''-binaringenin (90.3%) from acetic ether extract (500 mg) and 6.3 mg heveaflavone (93.5%) and 5.3 mg 7, 4', 7'', 4'''-tetra-O-methyl-amentoflavone (94.5%) from dichloromethane extract (200 mg) were obtained, respectively. The anti-proliferation effects of the six biflavonoids on the five human cancer cells were further verified. CONCLUSION The study provides methodological references for simultaneously preparative isolation of several bioactive biflavones from the herbal family of Selaginella. It is the first report discovering 2'', 3''-dihydro-3', 3'''-biapigenin and 3', 3'''-binaringenin from this herb and describing their cytotoxicities to human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China
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