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Burgos-Pino J, Gual-Orozco B, Vera-Ku M, Loría-Cervera EN, Guillermo-Cordero L, Martínez-Vega PP, Torres-Tapia LW, Castro-Valencia K, Peraza-Sánchez SR, Gamboa-León R. Acute oral toxicity in BALB/c mice of Tridax procumbens and Allium sativum extracts and (3S)-16,17-didehydrofalcarinol. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115840. [PMID: 36257342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Approximately 80% of people in developing countries depend on medicinal plants for their health care. Tridax procumbens (T. procumbens) and Allium sativum (A. sativum) have beneficial effects against parasitic and bacterial diseases. On the other side, the biological activity of the oxylipin (3S)-16,17-didehydrofalcarinol isolated from T. procumbens against the parasite Leishmania mexicana has been verified. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the acute oral toxicity of the methanolic extract of T. procumbens, the aqueous extract of A. sativum, their mixture, and pure oxylipin (3S)-16,17-didehydrofalcarinol in BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of the methanolic extract of T. procumbens, the aqueous extract of A. sativum, and their mixture (1:1), and doses of 300 and 500 mg/kg of pure oxylipin were administered orally to female mice of the strain BALB/c, which were observed for 72 h in search of signs of toxicity. After 14 days, the animals were euthanized, blood was extracted for the measurement of transaminases, and the livers were recovered and stained with hematoxylin/eosin for histopathological analysis. RESULTS No clinical signs of toxicity were observed in any of the animals dosed with T. procumbens and A. sativum extracts, while the majority of the animals dosed with pure oxylipin showed signs of toxicity and died. There was no difference in the weight index in most of the animals, except for the animals treated with T. procumbens at doses of 2000 mg/kg who presented an increase in the weight index, nor was there a correlation between the dose of A. sativum and the mixture and food consumption; however, a direct proportional correlation was observed between T. procumbens dose and food consumption. In none of the animals dosed with T. procumbens, A. sativum, and the mixture there was a difference in the levels of transaminases. In the histopathology study, slight lesions were observed in the hepatocytes of the mice treated with T. procumbens, A. sativum, and their mixture at doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg. On the other side, moderate injuries were observed in animals treated with pure oxylipin and it was considered as toxic due to almost all the animals died. CONCLUSION The extracts of T. procumbens and A. sativum evaluated and applied orally did not cause signs of acute toxicity or severe liver damage, suggesting to evaluate their chronic toxicity including other biochemical parameters in the future. However, pure oxylipin caused signs of acute toxicity and death so it is recommended to work with lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelly Burgos-Pino
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km. 15.5 Tizapán, 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Brandon Gual-Orozco
- CONACYT-GERMOLAB/Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Marina Vera-Ku
- CONACYT-GERMOLAB/Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Elsy Nalleli Loría-Cervera
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Av. Itzaes por 59, No. 490, Centro, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Leonardo Guillermo-Cordero
- Cuerpo Académico en Salud Animal de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil Km. 15.5 Tizapán, 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Pedro Pablo Martínez-Vega
- Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Av. Itzaes por 59, No. 490, Centro, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Luis W Torres-Tapia
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Karla Castro-Valencia
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Sergio R Peraza-Sánchez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Rubi Gamboa-León
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Biomédicas, Coordinación Académica Región Huasteca Sur, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Km. 5 Carretera Tamazunchale-San Martin, 79960, Tamazunchale, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Larqué H, Carrillo-Aké AG, de la Vega J, Peraza-Sánchez SR, Carballo RM, Chávez-Montes A, del Olmo E. Total synthesis of the falcarinol-type oxylipin (3S)-16,17-didehydrofalcarinol and its activity against Leishmania mexicana. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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