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Fel E, Massardier V, Mélis F, Vergnes B, Cassagnau P. Residence Time Distribution in a High Shear Twin Screw Extruder. INT POLYM PROC 2014. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The residence time distributions (RTD) of a high shear twin screw extruder were measured by an on–line UV fluorescence device. First, by increasing throughput (Q) and screw speed (N), a decrease of the complex viscosity of the studied polypropylene (PP) was observed, revealing chain scissions. It was associated to high viscous dissipation taking place during extrusion, and more particularly under high shear conditions. Then the impact of these experimental conditions on the RTD was carried out. As expected, an increase of usual throughputs and screw speeds decrease mostly the RTD characteristic data. In this study industrial rate have been studied: throughput varied from 1.5 up to 22 kg h−1 and screw speed varied from 200 min−1 up to 1 200 min−1. However, by increasing the screw speed over usual values (from 500 up to 1 200 min−1), the variation of some experimental RTD characteristics were unexpected. Indeed, the slope of the shape of the experimental RTD function E(t) changed significantly. This phenomenon will be called lag or delay time. This result was only observed at low throughputs and high screw rotation speeds. To finish, a modeling software of twin screw extrusion process was used to compare experimental and calculated results. For usual processing conditions (up to 700 min−1), the simulation predicts nicely the experimental RTDs. However, at high screw speed (N > 800 min−1) and moderate throughput (Q = 4 kg h−1), the simulation fails to predict the RDT delay time. Hence, some side effects apparently occurred during high shear extrusion at low throughputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Fel
- INSA-Lyon , CNRS UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne , France
| | - V. Massardier
- INSA-Lyon , CNRS UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne , France
| | - F. Mélis
- Université de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne , France
| | - B. Vergnes
- MINES ParisTech , Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF), UMR CNRS 7635, Sophia-Antipolis , France
| | - P. Cassagnau
- Université de Lyon , CNRS UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Villeurbanne , France
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Cassagnau P, Bounor-Legaré V, Fenouillot F. Reactive Processing of Thermoplastic Polymers: A Review of the Fundamental Aspects. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The review is devoted to the fundamental aspects of the reactive processing of thermoplastic polymers. First of all, some reactive processing examples, including polymer grafting (vinyl silane, maleic anhydride) and/or functionalization, bulk polymerization (urethane, lactams, acrylate, ∊-capolactone), polyester modification and new copolymers synthesis, are presented. From a fundamental point of view, the review covers the state of the art in the domains of rheology (specifically modelling of rheo-kinetics), diffusion and mixing in highly viscous reactive or non reactive media. Finally, 1, 2 and 3-D simulation of the reactive extrusion process in twin-screw extruder is reported at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Cassagnau
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France, IML/LMPB UMR-CNRS #5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères: Laboratoire desMatériaux Polymères et Biomatériaux, Villeurbanne, France
| | - V. Bounor-Legaré
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France, IML/LMPB UMR-CNRS #5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères: Laboratoire desMatériaux Polymères et Biomatériaux, Villeurbanne, France
| | - F. Fenouillot
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères: Laboratoire des Matériaux Macromoléculaires, IMP/LMM UMR-CNRS #5223, INSA-Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne cedex – France
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Cassagnau P, Courmont M, Melis F, Puaux J. Study of mixing of liquid/polymer in twin screw extruder by residence time distribution. POLYM ENG SCI 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cassagnau P, Fenouillot F. Rheological study of mixing in molten polymers: 1-mixing of low viscous additives. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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