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Liu D, Gong K, Lin Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Duan X. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study on Interfacial Properties of Symmetric Ternary Polymeric Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091516. [PMID: 34066898 PMCID: PMC8125886 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the interfacial properties of symmetric ternary An/AmBm/Bn and An/Am/2BmAm/2/Bn polymeric blends by means of dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. We systematically analyzed the effects of composition, chain length, and concentration of the copolymers on the interfacial tensions, interfacial widths, and the structures of each polymer component in the blends. Our simulations show that: (i) the efficiency of the copolymers in reducing the interfacial tension is highly dependent on their compositions. The triblock copolymers are more effective in reducing the interfacial tension compared to that of the diblock copolymers at the same chain length and concentration; (ii) the interfacial tension of the blends increases with increases in the triblock copolymer chain length, which indicates that the triblock copolymers with a shorter chain length exhibit a better performance as the compatibilizers compared to that of their counterparts with longer chain lengths; and (iii) elevating the triblock copolymer concentration can promote copolymer enrichment at the center of the interface, which enlarges the width of the phase interfaces and reduces the interfacial tension. These findings illustrate the correlations between the efficiency of copolymer compatibilizers and their detailed molecular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Liu
- School of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (K.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (T.L.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-315-8805860 (D.L. & T.L.); +86-431-85262479 (X.D.)
| | - Kai Gong
- School of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (K.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ye Lin
- School of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (K.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (K.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (T.L.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-315-8805860 (D.L. & T.L.); +86-431-85262479 (X.D.)
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China; (K.G.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (T.L.); (X.D.); Tel.: +86-315-8805860 (D.L. & T.L.); +86-431-85262479 (X.D.)
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Mysona JA, McCormick AV, Morse DC. Simulation of diblock copolymer surfactants. III. Equilibrium interfacial adsorption. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:022605. [PMID: 32942390 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.022605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Monte Carlo simulations are used to study adsorption of highly asymmetric diblock copolymers to a polymer-polymer interface, and the results compared to self-consistent field theory (SCFT) predictions. The simulation model used here is a bead-spring model that has been used previously to study equilibrium and kinetic properties of spherical micelles [J. A. Mysona et al., Phys. Rev. E 100, 012602 (2019)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.100.012602; Phys. Rev. E 100, 012603 (2019)10.1103/PhysRevE.100.012603; Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 038003 (2019)10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.038003]. Interfacial copolymer concentration Γ and interfacial tension γ are measured as functions of bulk copolymer concentration at concentrations up to the critical micelle concentration over a range of values of the Flory-Huggins χ parameter. The dependence of interfacial pressure Π = γ_{0}-γ on Γ (where γ_{0} is the interfacial tension in the absence of copolymer) is found to be almost independent of χ and to be accurately predicted by SCFT. The bare interfacial tension γ_{0} and total interfacial tension γ(Γ) can also be accurately predicted by SCFT using an estimate of χ obtained from independent analysis of properties of symmetric diblock copolymer melts. SCFT predictions obtained with this estimate of χ do not, however, adequately describe the thermodynamics of the coexisting bulk copolymer solution, as a result of contraction of the strongly interacting core block of dissolved copolymers. Accurate predictions of the relationship between bulk and interfacial properties can thus only be obtained for this system by combining SCFT predictions of the interfacial equation of state with a fit to the measured equation of state for the bulk solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Mysona
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Alon V McCormick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - David C Morse
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Wang J, Zhang X, Jiang L, Qiao J. Advances in toughened polymer materials by structured rubber particles. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Xu Y, Loi J, Delgado P, Topolkaraev V, McEneany RJ, Macosko CW, Hillmyer MA. Reactive Compatibilization of Polylactide/Polypropylene Blends. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vasily Topolkaraev
- Kimberly-Clark
Corporation,
Corporate Research and Engineering, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, United States
| | - Ryan J. McEneany
- Kimberly-Clark
Corporation,
Corporate Research and Engineering, Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, United States
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Shahbazi K, Razavi Aghjeh MK, Abbasi F, Partovi Meran M, Mehrabi Mazidi M. Rheology, morphology and tensile properties of reactive compatibilized polyethylene/polystyrene blends via Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. Polym Bull (Berl) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-012-0751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Costa HMD, Ramos VD, Silva WSD, Sirqueira ADS. Otimização de propriedades mecânicas de misturas ternárias de polipropileno (PP)/borracha de etileno-propileno-dieno (EPDM)/pó de pneus (SRT) sob tração e impacto usando a metodologia da superfície de resposta (MSR). POLIMEROS 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-14282012005000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metodologia da superfície de resposta (MSR) é uma coleção de técnicas estatísticas e matemáticas para desenvolver, melhorar e otimizar processos. Neste estudo, a técnica MSR foi aplicada na investigação do comportamento mecânico de diferentes misturas ternárias de PP/EPDM/SRT. Após a mistura apropriada em uma extrusora de dupla rosca co-rotante e a moldagem por injeção, as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à tração e a resistência ao impacto) foram determinadas e usadas como variáveis de resposta. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foi usada para investigar a morfologia das diferentes misturas e interpretar os resultados. Com ferramentas estatísticas específicas, um número mínimo de experimentos permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo de superfície de resposta e a otimização das concentrações dos componentes de acordo com o desempenho mecânico. Valores elevados de resistência ao impacto são alcançados (>80 J.m-1) quando, de acordo com as condições experimentais estudadas, a mistura física de PP/EPDM/SRT mantém as proporções de EPDM e SRT em torno de 25%.
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Teyssié P. Polymer blends: From molecular structure through morphology to controlled bulk properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19880220107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Teyssié P, Fayt R, Jérôme R. Study and control of polymer blends morphology and related properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19880160105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Taheri M, Morshedian J, Ali Khonakdar H. Phase morphology and thermomechanical analysis of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer blends: Uncompatibilized and reactively compatibilized blends with two mixing sequences. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Anastasiadis SH. Interfacial Tension in Binary Polymer Blends and the Effects of Copolymers as Emulsifying Agents. POLYMER THERMODYNAMICS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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11
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Aghjeh MKR, Khodabandelou M, Khezrefaridi M. Rheology and morphology of high impact polystyrene/ polyethylene blends and the effect of compatibilization on their properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Komalan C, George K, Jacob S, Thomas S. Reactive compatibilization of nylon copolymer/EPDM blends: experimental aspects and their comparison with theory. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Uthaman RN, Pandurangan A, Majeed SA. Mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics of compatibilized and dynamically vulcanized polyoxymethylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Prakashan K, Gupta AK, Maiti SN. Effect of compatibilizer on micromehanical deformations and morphology of dispersion in PP/PDMS blend. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Wang L, Zhu W, Wang X, Chen X, Chen GQ, Xu K. Processability modifications of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by plasticizing, blending, and stabilizing. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hong JS, Namkung H, Ahn KH, Lee SJ, Kim C. The role of organically modified layered silicate in the breakup and coalescence of droplets in PBT/PE blends. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Moly KA, Bhagawan SS, Groeninckx G, Thomas S. Correlation between the morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of ethylene vinyl acetate/linear low-density polyethylene blends: Effects of the blend ratio and compatibilization. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Joseph A, George S, Joseph K, Thomas S. Melting and crystallization behaviors of isotactic polypropylene/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blends in the presence and absence of compatibilizers and fillers. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.23986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Harrats C, Jérôme R. Block balance in hydrogenated polybutadiene-b-polymethylmethacrylate diblock copolymer for efficient interfacial activity in low-density polyethylene/polymethylmethacrylate blend: Phase morphology development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Guo T, Hao G, Song M, Zhang B. Compatibilizing Effect of Poly(Styrene-block-2-Vinylpyridine) Copolymer on Polystyrene/Ethylene-Based Ionomer Resin Blends. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00914030390246261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gonzalez-Nunez R, Favis BD, Carreau PJ, Lavallée C. Factors influencing the formation of elongated morphologies in immiscible polymer blends during melt processing. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760331310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Aravind I, Albert P, Ranganathaiah C, Kurian J, Thomas S. Compatibilizing effect of EPM-g-MA in EPDM/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) incompatible blends. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Oommen Z, Gopinathan Nair MR, Thomas S. Compatibilizing effect of natural rubber-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) in heterogeneous natural rubber/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Horrion J, Cartasegna S, Agarwal PK. Morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of polyacetal/ionomer blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Xanthos M, Chandavasu C, Sirkar KK, Gogos CG. Melt processed microporous films from compatibilized immiscible blends with potential as membranes. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Biswas T, Das A, Debnath S, Naskar N, Das A, Basu D. SBR–XNBR blends: a novel approach towards compatibilization. Eur Polym J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2003.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bureau MN, Di Francesco E, Dickson JI, Denault J. Mechanical behavior of injection-molded polystyrene/polyethylene blends: Fracture toughness vs. fatigue crack propagation. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.11499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Toughening modification of PS withn-BA/MMA/styrene core-shell structured copolymer from emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Xue Y, Zhang J, Zheng X, He J. Mechanical performance of blends of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer spheres-dispersed polycarbonate. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Compatibilisation of heterogeneous acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber/polystyrene blends by the addition of styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer: effect on morphology and mechanical properties. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Huh J, Jo WH. Phase behavior of ternary blends of diblock copolymer with homopolymer blends. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1517037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Shull
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108
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Phinyocheep P, Axtell FH, Laosee T. Influence of compatibilizers on mechanical properties, crystallization, and morphology of polypropylene/scrap rubber dust blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/app.10917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Impallomeni G, Giuffrida M, Barbuzzi T, Musumarra G, Ballistreri A. Acid catalyzed transesterification as a route to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-epsilon-caprolactone) copolymers from their homopolymers. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:835-40. [PMID: 12099830 DOI: 10.1021/bm025525t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Copolymers of (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (HB) and epsilon-caprolactone (CL) with a composition ranging from 28 to 81 mol % of HB were synthesized by transesterification of the corresponding homopolymers in solution in the presence of 4-toluenesulfonic acid. The copolyesters were characterized with regard to their molecular weights, thermal properties, molar compositions, and average block length of repeating units by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry, (1)H NMR, and (13)C NMR, respectively. Random and microblock copolymers could be obtained depending on experimental conditions, with weight-average molecular weights of up to 20,000. The glass transition temperature decreased from 2 to -42 degrees C as the CL content was increased from 0 to 72 mol %. The melting temperature (T(m)) of the PCL phase decreased from 70 to 46 degrees C as the HB content changed from 0 to 47 mol %, while the T(m) of the PHB phase decreased from 177 degrees C to 163 degrees C as the CL content changed from 0 to 72 mol %. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectra of GPC fractionated samples allowed us to ascertain that copolymers rich in HB units have mostly hydroxyl and carboxyl end groups, while copolymers rich in CL units have mostly tosyl and carboxyl end groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Impallomeni
- Istituto per la Chimica e la Tecnologia dei Materiali Polimerici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Li H, Du Z, Huang H. Preparation of a self-compatibility alloy via a seed-graft concentrated-emulsion pathway. J Appl Polym Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/app.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Tankhiwale S, Gupta MC, Viswanath SG. Nonisothermal Crystallization Behavior of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)-Nylon 6 Blends. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660008034638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Chun SB, Han CD. Morphology of Model A/B/(C-block-D) Ternary Blends and Compatibilization of Two Immiscible Homopolymers A and B with a C-block-D Copolymer. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9918708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Bum Chun
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325
| | - Chang Dae Han
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325
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38
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Thomas S, Groeninckx G. Reactive compatibilisation of heterogeneous ethylene propylene rubber (EPM)/nylon 6 blends by the addition of compatibiliser precursor EPM-g-MA. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00813-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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39
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Kim SH, Jo WH. A Monte Carlo simulation of polymer/polymer interface in the presence of block copolymer. I. Effects of the chain length of block copolymer and interaction energy. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Moussaif N, Jérôme R. Compatibilization of immiscible polymer blends (PC/PVDF) by the addition of a third polymer (PMMA): analysis of phase morphology and mechanical properties. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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41
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42
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Reactive compatibilisation of A/(B/C) polymer blends. Part 1. Investigation of the phase morphology development and stabilisation. POLYMER 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(97)10095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Liu Z, Maréchal P, Jéroˆme R. Blends of poly(vinylidene fluoride) with polyamide 6: interfacial adhesion, morphology and mechanical properties. POLYMER 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(97)00222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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44
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Zhao JQ, Pearce EM, Kwei TK. Binary and Ternary Blends of Polystyrene-block-Poly(p-hydroxystyrene). Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970735x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Q. Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - E. M. Pearce
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201
| | - T. K. Kwei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science, Polytechnic University, Six Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201
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45
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Cho JC, Kim KH, Jo WH. The Block Length Effect of Polystyrene-block-Poly(methyl methacrylate) on the Interfacial Adhesion between Polystyrene-Poly(methyl methacrylate) and between Polystyrene/Phenoxy. Polym J 1996. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.28.1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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