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Lackner M, Rössler A, Volland A, Stadtmüller MN, Müllauer B, Banki Z, Ströhle J, Luttick A, Fenner J, Sarg B, Kremser L, Tone P, Stoiber H, von Laer D, Wolff T, Schwarz C, Nagl M. N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:1293-1307. [PMID: 35418279 PMCID: PMC9132425 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log10 was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 −2 log10 reduction within 1–10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log10 (H3N2) to 5 log10 (H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log10 within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Lackner
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annika Rössler
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - André Volland
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Brigitte Müllauer
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoltan Banki
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Ströhle
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Bettina Sarg
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leopold Kremser
- Innovative Biomedical Concepts, Inc., Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Paul Tone
- Innovative Biomedical Concepts, Inc., Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Heribert Stoiber
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothee von Laer
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thorsten Wolff
- Unit 17-Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Schwarz
- CF Center Westbrandenburg, Division Cystic Fibrosis, Pediatric Clinic Westbrandenburg, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Nagl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Current Opinion on the Therapeutic Capacity of Taurine-Containing Halogen Derivatives in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:83-98. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Dávalos JZ, González J, Ramos R, Hnyk D, Holub J, Santaballa JA, Canle-L. M, Oliva JM. Acidities of closo-1-COOH-1,7-C2B10H11 and Amino Acids Based on Icosahedral Carbaboranes. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2788-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jp412400q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Z. Dávalos
- Instituto de Química-Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González
- Instituto de Química-Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Ramos
- Instituto de Química-Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Drahomír Hnyk
- Institute
of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 250 68 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Holub
- Institute
of Inorganic
Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 250 68 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
| | - J. Arturo Santaballa
- Grupo
de Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade, Departamento de
Química Física e Enxeñaría Química,
Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, ES-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Moisés Canle-L.
- Grupo
de Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade, Departamento de
Química Física e Enxeñaría Química,
Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, ES-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Josep M. Oliva
- Instituto de Química-Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 119, ES-28006 Madrid, Spain
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