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Ragno D, Di Carmine G, Brandolese A, Bortolini O, Giovannini PP, Fantin G, Bertoldo M, Massi A. Oxidative NHC-Catalysis as Organocatalytic Platform for the Synthesis of Polyester Oligomers by Step-Growth Polymerization. Chemistry 2019; 25:14701-14710. [PMID: 31486558 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The application of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis to the polycondensation of diols and dialdehydes under oxidative conditions is herein presented for the synthesis of polyesters using fossil-based (ethylene glycol, phthalaldehydes) and bio-based (furan derivatives, glycerol, isosorbide) monomers. The catalytic dimethyl triazolium/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene couple and stoichiometric quinone oxidant afforded polyester oligomers with a number-average molecular weight (Mn ) in the range of 1.5-7.8 kg mol-1 as determined by NMR analysis. The synthesis of a higher molecular weight polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, PET) by an NHC-promoted two-step procedure via oligoester intermediates is also illustrated together with the catalyst-controlled preparation of cross-linked or linear polyesters derived from the trifunctional glycerol. The thermal properties (TGA and DSC analyses) of the synthesized oligoesters are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ragno
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Brandolese
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Olga Bortolini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Giovannini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Fantin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Bertoldo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti, 101-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutica Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Iqbal M, Dingemans TJ. High Tg nematic thermosets: Synthesis, characterization and thermo-mechanical properties. Eur Polym J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Iqbal M, Norder B, Mendes E, Dingemans TJ. All-aromatic liquid crystalline thermosets with high glass transition temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Jin JI, Antoun S, Ober C, Lenz RW. Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polyesters with Rigid or Flexible Spacer Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4980120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dingemans T, Knijnenberg A, Iqbal M, Weiser E, Stclair T. All‐aromatic liquid crystal thermosets: New high‐performance materials for structural applications. LIQUID CRYSTALS TODAY 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/14645180701470371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Najafi F, Sarbolouki MN. Synthesis and characterization of block copolymers from aromatic diols, fumaric acid, sebacic acid and PEG. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bhowmik PK, Han H, Cebe JJ, Burchett RA. Thermotropic liquid-crystalline polyesters of 4,4?-biphenol and phenyl-substituted 4,4?-biphenols with 4,4?-oxybisbenzoic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Huh SM, Jin JI. Synthesis and Characterization of Wholly Aromatic Polyesters Derived from 6-Hydroxy-5-phenyl-2-naphthoic Acid or 4‘-Hydroxy-3‘-phenylbiphenyl-4-carboxylic Acid and 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma961680m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Moo Huh
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Chemistry Research Center, College of Sciences, Korea University, 1-Anam Dong, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Jung-Il Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Materials Chemistry Research Center, College of Sciences, Korea University, 1-Anam Dong, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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Damman S, Buijs J, van Turnhout J. Liquid-crystalline main-chain polymers with a poly(p-phenylene terephthalate) backbone: 6. Dielectric relaxations in the polyester with dodecyloxy side chains. POLYMER 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(94)90774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pillai C, Sherrington D, Sneddon A. Thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester based on 8-(3-hydroxyphenyl) octanoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. POLYMER 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(92)90390-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Majnusz J, Lenz RW. A detailed study of the phase behavior of a series of thermotropic poly(2-alkyl-1,4-phenylene terephthalate)s. Eur Polym J 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(89)90053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Troughton M, Davies G, Ward I. Dynamic mechanical properties of random copolyesters of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-hydroxy 6-naphthoic acid. POLYMER 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(89)90383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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