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Solhi L, Guccini V, Heise K, Solala I, Niinivaara E, Xu W, Mihhels K, Kröger M, Meng Z, Wohlert J, Tao H, Cranston ED, Kontturi E. Understanding Nanocellulose-Water Interactions: Turning a Detriment into an Asset. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1925-2015. [PMID: 36724185 PMCID: PMC9999435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern technology has enabled the isolation of nanocellulose from plant-based fibers, and the current trend focuses on utilizing nanocellulose in a broad range of sustainable materials applications. Water is generally seen as a detrimental component when in contact with nanocellulose-based materials, just like it is harmful for traditional cellulosic materials such as paper or cardboard. However, water is an integral component in plants, and many applications of nanocellulose already accept the presence of water or make use of it. This review gives a comprehensive account of nanocellulose-water interactions and their repercussions in all key areas of contemporary research: fundamental physical chemistry, chemical modification of nanocellulose, materials applications, and analytical methods to map the water interactions and the effect of water on a nanocellulose matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Valentina Guccini
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, TurkuFI-20500, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Marcel Kröger
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou325001, China
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
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Qian Z, Li T, Sakthivelpathi V, Goodman SM, Dichiara AB, Mamishev A, Chung JH. Humidity Response of a Capacitive Sensor Based on Auxeticity of Carbon Nanotube-Paper Composites. NANO EXPRESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac6764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Auxetic materials showing a negative Poisson’s ratio can offer unusual sensing capabilities due to drastic percolation changes. This study presents the capacitive response of wet-fractured carbon nanotube paper composites in exposure to humidity. A strained composite strip is fractured to produce numerous cantilevers consisting of cellulose fibers coated with carbon nanotubes. During stretching, the thin composite buckles in the out-of-plane direction, which causes auxetic behavior to generate the radially structured electrodes. The crossbar junctions forming among the fractured electrodes significantly increase capacitance and its response to humidity as a function of sensor widths. The molecular junctions switch electric characteristics between predominantly resistive- and capacitive elements. The resulting capacitive response is characterized for humidity sensing without the need for an additional absorption medium. The normalized capacitance change (ΔC/C) exhibits a sensitivity of 0.225 within the range of 40~80 % relative humidity. The novel auxetic behavior of a water-printed paper-based nanocomposite paves the way for inexpensive humidity and sweat sensors.
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Giese M, Blusch LK, Schlesinger M, Meseck GR, Hamad WY, Arjmand M, Sundararaj U, MacLachlan MJ. Magnetic Mesoporous Photonic Cellulose Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:9329-9334. [PMID: 27588561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel hybrid materials of cellulose and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and characterized. The materials combine the chiral nematic structural features of mesoporous photonic cellulose (MPC) with the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4). The photonic, magnetic, and dielectric properties of the hybrid materials were investigated during the dynamic swelling and deswelling of the MPC films. It was observed that the dielectric properties of the generated MPC films increased tremendously following swelling in water, endorsing efficient swelling ability of the generated mesoporous films. The high magnetic permeability of the developed MPC films in conjunction with their superior dielectric properties, predominantly in the swollen state, makes them interesting for electromagnetic interference shielding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Giese
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Duisburg-Essen , Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Lina K Blusch
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Maik Schlesinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Georg R Meseck
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Wadood Y Hamad
- FPInnovations 2665 East Mall, Vancouver, BCBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary , 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Safari S, van de Ven TGM. Effect of Water Vapor Adsorption on Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotube/Nanocrystalline Cellulose Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9483-9489. [PMID: 26998641 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been long known that the electrical properties of cellulose are greatly influenced by adsorption of water vapor. Incorporating conductive nanofillers in a cellulose matrix is an example of an approach to tailor their characteristics for use in electronics and sensing devices. In this work, we introduce two new nanocomposites comprising carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and conventional or electrosterically stabilized nanocrystalline celluloses matrices. While conventional nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) consists of a rigid crystalline backbone, electrosterically stabilized cellulose (ENCC) is composed of a rigid crystalline backbone with carboxylated polymers protruding from both ends. By tuning CNT loading, we can tailor a CNT/NCC composite with minimal electrical sensitivity to the ambient relative humidity, despite the fact that the composite has a high moisture uptake. The expected decrease in CNT conductivity upon water vapor adsorption, due to electron donation, is counterbalanced by an increase in the conductivity of NCC due to proton hopping at an optimum CNT loading (1-2%). Contrary to the CNT/NCC composite, a CNT/ENCC composite at 1% CNT loading shows insulating behavior for relative humidities up to 75%, after which the composite becomes conductive. This interesting behavior can be ascribed to the low moisture uptake of ENCC at low and moderate relative humidities due to the limited number of hydroxyl groups and hydrogen bond formation between carboxyl groups on ENCC, which endow ENCC with limited water molecule adsorption sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Safari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
- Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
| | - Theo G M van de Ven
- Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
- Pulp and Paper Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 2A7, Canada
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Hanna AA, Abd‐El‐Wahid A, Abass MH. Effect of grafting on some properties of cotton. ACTA POLYMERICA 1984; 35:104-106. [DOI: 10.1002/actp.1984.010350123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe moisture content and thermal degradation of cotton and cotton grafted with methyl methacrylate, styrene and vinyl acetate have been studied. Grafting was carried out by using suitable initiators under the proper conditions. The infrared spectra exhibit new bands characterizing for the grafted monomers. The kinetic parameters and the thermodynamic functions of the degradation reaction are calculated for both the original and the grafted cottons.
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