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Troller-Renfree SV, Sperber JF, Hart ER, Costanzo MA, Gennetian LA, Meyer JS, Fox NA, Noble KG. Associations between maternal stress and infant resting brain activity among families residing in poverty in the U.S. Biol Psychol 2023; 184:108683. [PMID: 37716521 PMCID: PMC10842437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that maternal experiences of stress shape children's functional brain activity in the first years of life. Individuals living in poverty are more likely to experience stress from a variety of sources. However, it is unclear how stress is related to resting brain activity among children born into poverty. The present study examines whether infants born into households experiencing poverty show differences in brain activity associated with maternal reports of experiencing stress. The analytic sample comprised 247 mother-infant dyads who completed maternal questionnaires characterizing stress, and for whom recordings of infant resting brain activity were obtained at 1 year of age (M=12.93 months, SD=1.66; 50% female). Mothers (40% Black, non-Hispanic, 40% Hispanic, 12% White, non-Hispanic) who reported higher stress had infants who showed more resting brain activity in the lower end of the frequency spectrum (relative theta power) and less resting brain activity in the middle range of the frequency spectrum (relative alpha power). While statistically detectable at the whole-brain level, follow-up exploratory analyses revealed that these effects were most apparent in electrodes over frontal and parietal regions of the brain. These findings held after adjusting for a variety of potentially confounding variables. Altogether, the present study suggests that, among families experiencing low economic resources, maternal reports of stress are associated with differences in patterns of infant resting brain activity during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma R Hart
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Karaaslan A, Kurtul BE, Çakmak Aİ, El Ç. Investigation of the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography in children with asthma. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2023; 13:520-526. [PMID: 38249509 PMCID: PMC10798397 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo-d-22-00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the optic disc and retinal microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in asthmatic children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty asthmatic children (asthma group) and 30 control age- and sex-matched healthy controls (control group) were included in this cross-sectional study. The asthma group was then divided into two subgroups according to the presence of inhaled steroid use. Demographic findings were noted. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and vessel density in different sections of the retina and optic nerve head were analyzed by OCTA. RESULTS RNFL thickness for temporal quadrants and flow area for outer retina levels were significantly lower in the asthma group than the control group (72.58 ± 10.99 μm vs 77.73 ± 9.73μm, P = 0.015, and 0.60 ± 0.31mm2 vs. 0.72 ± 0.31mm2, P = 0.047, respectively). However, inside disc vascular densities were significantly higher in the asthma group when compared to controls (55.16% ± 3.71% vs. 52.08% ± 3.79%, P < 0.001). Inside disc vascular densities were also significantly higher, and RNFL thickness for temporal quadrants was significantly lower in the asthmatic patients without steroid use subgroup when compared to others (P < 0.001, P = 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSION Lower values of temporal quadrant RNFL, and flow area for outer retina, but higher levels of inside disc vascular density seem to be associated with asthmatic children. OCTA findings in asthmatic children appear to be regardless of inhaled steroid use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bengi Ece Kurtul
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ayşe İdil Çakmak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem El
- Department of Pediatrics, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Ma L, Liu X, Yan N, Gan Y, Wu Y, Li Y, Chu M, Chiu DT, Ma L. Associations Between Different Cortisol Measures and Adiposity in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:879256. [PMID: 35811977 PMCID: PMC9260431 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.879256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined associations between hair, salivary, serum, and urinary cortisol concentration with adiposity-related indicators in children, and explored their potential effects modification by age, sex, cortisol measurement method, and country developmental context. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase for studies examining at least one of the four aforementioned cortisol with objectively measured adiposity-related outcomes in children. Meta-analyses of cross-sectional studies revealed that hair cortisol concentration was associated with fat mass index (FMI)-standard deviation score (SDS)/FMI z-score (pooled-β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.08) and BMI/BMI z-score (pooled-β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.25), and these associations were significant among children aged ≤ 12 years (pooled-β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.26) and >12 years (pooled-β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22), children from developed countries (pooled β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.21) and developing countries (pooled-β = 0.193, 95% CI: 0.188, 0.198), and in studies extracting cortisol via LC-MS/MS (pooled-β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.29) but not ELISA (pooled-β = 0.08, 95% CI: −0.06, 0.22). Meta-analyses of both cohort and cross-sectional studies revealed non-significant associations of morning salivary cortisol concentration and total daily cortisol output with BMI/BMI z-score. Serum cortisol concentration was not associated with BMI or waist circumference. Meta-analysis of urinary cortisol concentration and adiposity was hindered by insufficient data. These findings further corroborate understanding of chronic stress’ physiological contribution to increased pediatric obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ma
- School of Public Health, Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Na Yan
- School of Public Health, Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yiqun Gan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Chu
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Dorothy T. Chiu
- Community Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dorothy T. Chiu,
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Le Ma,
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Barber AT, Loughlin CE. Pediatric Pulmonology 2020 year in review: Asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:2455-2459. [PMID: 34078003 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric asthma is a heterogeneous and common chronic condition with significant morbidity and burden on the healthcare system. Despite advances in the field, the disease has proven to be increasingly complex to diagnose and management strategies are constantly evolving. Studies from 2020 have advanced the field even further, particularly with regard to new methods of diagnosis and monitoring, treatment of severe asthma, modifiable risk factors like exercise and obesity, aerosol delivery, and viral respiratory infections contributing to the development of asthma. Continued studies are needed to improve our care for children with asthma and we look forward to future advances. This article is part of our 2020 "Year in Review" series, in which we summarize publications in major topic areas, in the context of selected literature from other journals relevant to our discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Barber
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ceila E Loughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Jia S, Guo P, Lu J, Huang X, Deng L, Jin Y, Zhao L, Fan X. Curcumol Ameliorates Lung Inflammation and Airway Remodeling via Inhibiting the Abnormal Activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Chronic Asthmatic Mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:2641-2651. [PMID: 34188444 PMCID: PMC8232843 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s292642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Curcumol exhibits anti-inflammatory effect, but its effect on chronic asthma lacked research. Therefore, this study explored the role of curcumol in asthma. Methods A chronic asthmatic mice model was established by ovalbumin induction. After treatment with curcumol, airway resistance in mice was detected by forced oscillation technique. The histopathological features of airway tissues, pulmonary inflammation, and inflammation cell recruitment in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Collagen deposition in the airways of mice was examined by Masson staining. The secretion of ovalbumin-IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in mouse serum and VEGFA secretion in BALF were analyzed by ELISA. Finally, the expressions of β-catenin, Wnt5a, VEGFA, TGF-β1, Fibronectin, and MMP-9 in mice lung tissues were determined by Western blot or immunohistochemical. Results Curcumol attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, and pulmonary inflammation in chronic asthmatic mice. Curcumol relieved collagen deposition in airway tissues, inflammation cell recruitment in BALF, and reduced the up-regulation of serum ovalbumin-IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and BALF VEGFA in chronic asthmatic mice. In addition, curcumol attenuated the up-regulated expressions of β-catenin, Wnt5a, VEGFA, TGF-β1, Fibronectin, and MMP-9 in the lung tissues of chronic asthmatic mice, but curcumol treatment did not show such effects on healthy mice. Conclusion Our findings revealed that curcumol could ameliorate lung inflammation and airway remodeling by inhibiting the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in chronic asthmatic mice, indicating that curcumol could be used as a novel anti-asthma drug for basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jia
- Department of Respiration, Hengdian Wenrong's Hospital, Dongyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Guo
- Lithotriptic Section, Dongyang Red Cross Hospital, Dongyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Lu
- Department of Respiration, Hengdian Wenrong's Hospital, Dongyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujun Huang
- Intensive Care Unit, Hengdian Wenrong's Hospital, Dongyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Laming Deng
- Department of Emergency, Hengdian Wenrong's Hospital, Dongyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Nursing, Hengdian Wenrong's Hospital, Dongyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanyan Zhao
- Department of Respiration, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- School of Basic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, People's Republic of China
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Solarikova P, Karailievova L, Rajcani J, Brezina I, Jezova D. Cumulative cortisol concentrations in hair of patients with atopy are lower than in healthy subjects and are not related to their perceived stress experience. Stress 2020; 23:746-749. [PMID: 32996381 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1825673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with atopy were found to exhibit blunted cortisol responses to acute stress stimuli. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cumulative cortisol concentrations in the hair of patients with atopy are lower than in healthy subjects when related to their perceived stress experience. The sample consisted of 31 participants. The most proximal 3 cm of hair (as close to the scalp as possible), reflecting the cumulative cortisol secretion during the previous 3 months, was used for the analysis. Only in 20 subjects (9 patients with atopy and 11 healthy controls), there was a sufficient amount of hair for precise analysis using a new methodology. The results showed lower hair cortisol concentrations in patients with atopy compared to those in controls. The perceived stress scores in patients with atopy and healthy controls were not statistically different. The cortisol concentration/perceived stress score ratios were lower in patients with atopy compared to those in controls. No statistically significant correlation between hair cortisol and long-term experienced stress assessed via perceived stress scale was observed. In conclusion, the cumulative cortisol secretion in the hair of atopic patients is lower than would be expected according to their subjective scores of perceived stress. Most importantly, the previously lower stress hormone increase found in acute stress situations and in children now was confirmed in adult patients with chronic stress load.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Solarikova
- Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L Karailievova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - J Rajcani
- Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - I Brezina
- Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - D Jezova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Baan EJ, van den Akker ELT, Engelkes M, de Rijke YB, de Jongste JC, Sturkenboom MCJM, Verhamme KM, Janssens HM. Hair cortisol and inhaled corticosteroid use in asthmatic children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:316-321. [PMID: 31651095 PMCID: PMC7003950 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenal suppression is a side effect of long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) measurement is a noninvasive tool for measuring adrenal function that may be useful for asthmatic patients who are on long-term ICS treatment. The aim of this study was to compare HCC between children with and without asthma and to explore the association between HCC and ICS dose in asthmatic children. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study in subjects with or without asthma (n = 72 and 226, respectively, age 6-21 years). Hair samples were obtained from the posterior vertex for each subject and data on medication use were collected using questionnaires. HCC was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the most proximal 3 cm of hair. RESULTS Median HCC was significantly lower in subjects with asthma than in subjects without asthma: 1.83 pg/mg and 2.39 pg/mg, respectively (P value after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index: .036). Median HCC was 1.98 pg/mg in asthmatics using no ICS, 1.84 pg/mg in those using a low dose, 1.75 pg/mg in those on a medium dose, and 1.46 in those using a high ICS dose (P = .54). CONCLUSION We observed a significantly lower HCC in asthmatics than in healthy controls and a nonsignificant trend of lower HCC with increasing ICS dose. Whether HCC measurement may be used to detect individuals at risk for hypocortisolism and may be useful to monitor adrenal function in asthmatic children using ICS needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmé J Baan
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Engelkes
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolanda B de Rijke
- Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C de Jongste
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Katia M Verhamme
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hettie M Janssens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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