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Pellegrin M, Bouzourène K, Mazzolai L. Exercise Prior to Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease Improves Endurance Capacity and Hindlimb Blood Flow by Inhibiting Muscle Inflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:706491. [PMID: 34422931 PMCID: PMC8371529 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.706491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with functional decline. Physical exercise has been proven to be an effective therapeutic strategy for PAD; however the effect of exercise initiated before PAD remains unknown. Here, we investigated the preventive effects of exercise on endurance capacity, hindlimb perfusion, and on polarization profile of circulating monocytes and limb muscle macrophages. ApoE−/− mice were subjected to 5-week running wheel exercise or remained sedentary before induction of hindlimb ischemia. The two groups were thereafter kept sedentary. Exercised mice prior to PAD showed higher exhaustive treadmill running distance and time than sedentary mice. Preventive exercise also increased perfusion, arteriole density, and muscle regeneration in the ischemic hindlimb. Moreover, preventive exercise prevented ischemia-induced increased gene expression of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages markers and cytokines in the ischemic muscle, while no changes were observed for anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage markers. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the proportion of circulating pro-inflammatory monocyte subtype decreased whereas that of anti-inflammatory monocytes increased with preventive exercise. Overall, we show that exercise initiated before PAD improves endurance performance and hindlimb perfusion in mice probably via inhibition of M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation in the ischemic muscle. Our study provides experimental evidence for a role of regular exercise in primary prevention of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Pellegrin
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karima Bouzourène
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Division of Angiology, Heart and Vessel Department, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Emam M, Keshta AT, Mohamed YM, Attia YA. Insight on Ameliorative Role of Selenium Nanoparticles and Niacin in Wound Healing on Adult Female Albino Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2212796814666200818111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Wound healing is a complex process necessary for repairing damaged
tissues and preventing infection. Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) were known due to
their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, also niacin has angiogenesis and antioxidant effects
that are important in wound healing.
Objective:
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Se NPs and niacin in
reducing and accelerating the wound healing time in mice.
Methods:
A simple wet chemical method has been modified to synthesize Se NPs in order to
investigate their effect and niacin on reducing the wound healing in 80 adult female albino
mice (250 mm2 full thickness open excision wound) that were divided into eight groups (10
mice/each). After 30-days, the mice were sacrificed, blood and tissue samples were taken for
analysis.
Results:
The results showed that the percentage of wound area had been significantly reduced
in Se NPs and niacin treated groups compared to the positive control. The level of
Vascular Endothelial cell Growth Factor and Collagenase I in Se NPs and niacin groups significantly
exceed those of other groups while Nitric Oxide (NO) was significantly decreased
in treated groups. Liver and kidney functions showed the lower toxicity effect of Se NPs and
niacin. Skin tissue showed the wound healing effect of Se NPs and niacin by regenerating
skin layer compared to the positive group.
Conclusion:
Se NPs and niacin play an important role in accelerating and reducing the time
of wound healing while they were antagonistic to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Emam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Akaber T. Keshta
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Yasser M.A. Mohamed
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yasser A. Attia
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Mitochondrial transplantation ameliorates acute limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg 2019; 71:1014-1026. [PMID: 31353269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute limb ischemia (ALI), the most challenging form of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in skeletal muscle tissue, leads to decreased skeletal muscle viability and limb function. Mitochondrial injury has been shown to play a key role in skeletal muscle IRI. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that mitochondrial transplantation (MT) is an efficacious therapeutic strategy to replace or to augment mitochondria damaged by IRI, allowing enhanced muscle viability and function in cardiac tissue. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of MT in a murine ALI model. METHODS C57BL/6J mice (male, 10-12 weeks) were used in a model of ALI. Ischemia was induced by applying a tourniquet on the left hindlimb. After 2 hours of ischemia, the tourniquet was released, and reperfusion of the hindlimb was re-established; either vehicle alone (n = 15) or vehicle containing mitochondria (n = 33) was injected directly into all the muscles of the hindlimb. Mitochondria were delivered at concentrations of 1 × 106 to 1 × 109 per gram wet weight to each muscle, and the animals were allowed to recover. Sham mice received no ischemia or injections but were anesthetized for 2 hours and allowed to recover. After 24 hours of recovery, limb function was assessed by DigiGait (Mouse Specifics Inc, Boston, Mass), and animals were euthanized; the gastrocnemius, soleus, and vastus medialis muscles were collected for analysis. RESULTS After 24 hours of hindlimb reperfusion, infarct size (percentage of total mass) and apoptosis were significantly decreased (P < .001, each) in the gastrocnemius, soleus, and vastus medialis muscles in MT mice compared with vehicle mice for all mitochondrial concentrations (1 × 106 to 1 × 109 per gram wet weight). DigiGait analysis at 24 hours of reperfusion showed that percentage shared stance time was significantly increased (P < .001) and stance factor was significantly decreased (P = .001) in vehicle compared with MT and sham mice. No significant differences in percentage shared stance time (P = .160) or stance factor (P = .545) were observed between MT and sham mice. CONCLUSIONS MT ameliorates skeletal muscle injury and enhances hindlimb function in the murine model of ALI.
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Peters KM, Zhang R, Park C, Nong Z, Yin H, Wilson RB, Sutherland BG, Sawyez CG, Pickering JG, Borradaile NM. Vitamin D intervention does not improve vascular regeneration in diet-induced obese male mice with peripheral ischemia. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 70:65-74. [PMID: 31176988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D appears to either promote or inhibit neovascularization in a disease context-dependent manner. The effects of vitamin D, alone or in combination with niacin, on endothelial cell (EC) angiogenic function and on revascularization in obese animals with peripheral ischemia are unknown. Here, we report that supplementation of high palmitate medium with vitamin D, niacin or both vitamins increased EC tube formation, which relies primarily on cell migration, and also maintained tube stability over time. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that both vitamins increased stress response and anti-inflammatory gene expression. However, vitamin D decreased cell cycle gene expression and inhibited proliferation, while niacin induced stable expression of miR-126-3p and -5p and maintained cell proliferation in high palmitate. To assess vascular regeneration, diet-induced obese mice received vitamin D, niacin or both vitamins following hind limb ischemic injury. Niacin, but not vitamin D or combined treatment, improved recovery of hind limb use. Histology of tibialis anterior sections revealed no improvements in revascularization, regeneration, inflammation or fibrosis with vitamin D or combined treatment. In summary, although both vitamin D and niacin increased angiogenic function of EC cultures in high fat, only niacin improved recovery of hind limb use following ischemic injury in obese mice. It is possible that inhibition of cell proliferation by vitamin D in high-fat conditions limits vascular regeneration and recovery from peripheral ischemia in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kia M Peters
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Richard Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Chanho Park
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Zengxuan Nong
- Robarts Research Institute, Western, University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Hao Yin
- Robarts Research Institute, Western, University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Rachel B Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Brian G Sutherland
- Robarts Research Institute, Western, University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Cynthia G Sawyez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - J Geoffrey Pickering
- Robarts Research Institute, Western, University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1; Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1; Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1; London Health Sciences, Centre, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5A5
| | - Nica M Borradaile
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.
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Pang DKT, Nong Z, Sutherland BG, Sawyez CG, Robson DL, Toma J, Pickering JG, Borradaile NM. Niacin promotes revascularization and recovery of limb function in diet-induced obese mice with peripheral ischemia. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2016; 4:e00233. [PMID: 27433343 PMCID: PMC4876143 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Niacin can reduce vascular disease risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome, but in light of recent large randomized controlled trials outcomes, its biological actions and clinical utility remain controversial. Niacin can improve endothelial function, vascular inflammation, and vascular regeneration, independent of correcting dyslipidemia, in various lean rodent models of vascular injury. Here, we tested whether niacin could directly improve endothelial cell angiogenic function during combined exposure to excess fatty acids and hypoxia, and whether intervention with niacin during continued feeding of western diet could improve revascularization and functional recovery in obese, hyperlipidemic mice with peripheral ischemia. Treatment with niacin (10 μmol/L) increased human microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic function during exposure to high fatty acids and hypoxia (2% oxygen), as determined by tube formation on Matrigel. To assess revascularization in vivo, we used western diet-induced obese mice with unilateral hind limb femoral artery ligation and excision. Treatment for 14 days postinjury with once daily i.p. injections of a low dose of niacin (50 mg/kg) improved recovery of hind limb use, in association with enhanced revascularization and decreased inflammation of the tibialis anterior muscle. These effects were concomitant with decreased plasma triglycerides, but not increased plasma apoAI. Thus, niacin improves endothelial tube formation under lipotoxic and hypoxic conditions, and moreover, promotes revascularization and functional hind limb recovery following ischemic injury in diet-induced obese mice with hyperlipidemia. These data may have implications for niacin therapy in the treatment of peripheral ischemic vascular disease associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic K T Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Zengxuan Nong
- Robarts Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Brian G Sutherland
- Robarts Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Cynthia G Sawyez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; Robarts Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; Department of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Debra L Robson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Jelena Toma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - J Geoffrey Pickering
- Robarts Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; Department of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; Department of Medical Biophysics Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1; London Health Sciences Centre London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
| | - Nica M Borradaile
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada N6A 5C1
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