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Underwood W, Gilley M, Misar CG, Gulya TJ, Seiler GJ, Markell SG. Multiple Species of Asteraceae Plants Are Susceptible to Root Infection by the Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:1366-1373. [PMID: 34874175 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1314-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The necrotrophic fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can cause disease on numerous plant species, including many important crops. Most S. sclerotiorum-incited diseases of crop plants are initiated by airborne ascospores produced when fungal sclerotia germinate to form spore-bearing apothecia. However, basal stalk rot of sunflower occurs when S. sclerotiorum sclerotia germinate to form mycelia within the soil, which subsequently invade sunflower roots. To determine whether other plant species in the Asteraceae family are susceptible to root infection by S. sclerotiorum, cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and seven other Asteraceae species were evaluated for S. sclerotiorum root infection by inoculation with either sclerotia or mycelial inoculum. Additionally, root susceptibility of sunflower was compared with that of dry edible bean and canola, two plant species susceptible to S. sclerotiorum but not known to display root-initiated infections. Results indicated that multiple Asteraceae family plants are susceptible to S. sclerotiorum root infection after inoculation with either sclerotia or mycelium. These observations expand the range of plant hosts susceptible to S. sclerotiorum root infection, elucidate differences in root inoculation methodology, and emphasize the importance of soilborne infection to Asteraceae crop and weed species.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Underwood
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Sunflower & Plant Biology Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102
| | - Michelle Gilley
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102
| | - Christopher G Misar
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Sunflower & Plant Biology Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102
| | - Thomas J Gulya
- USDA-ARS Sunflower & Plant Biology Research Unit (retired), Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102
| | - Gerald J Seiler
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Sunflower & Plant Biology Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102
| | - Samuel G Markell
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102
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Wang J, Shao S, Liu C, Song Z, Liu S, Wu S. The genus Paraconiothyrium: species concepts, biological functions, and secondary metabolites. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:781-810. [PMID: 34214001 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1933898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The genus Paraconiothyrium has worldwide distribution with diverse host habitats and exhibits potential utilisation as biocontrol agent, bioreactor and antibiotic producer. In this review, we firstly comprehensively summarise the current taxonomic status of Paraconiothyrium species, including their category names, morphological features, habitats, and multigene phylogenetic relationships. Some Paraconiothyrium species possess vital biological functions and potential applications in medicine, agriculture, industry, and environmental protection. A total of 147 secondary metabolites have been reported so far from Paraconiothyrium, among which 95 are novel. This paper serves to provide an overview of their diverse structures with chemical classification and biological activities. To date, 27 species of Paraconiothyrium have been documented; however, only seven have been investigated for their secondary metabolites or biological functions. Our review is expected to draw more attention to this genus for providing a taxonomic reference, discovering extensive biological functions, and searching in-depth for new bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shicheng Shao
- Gardening and Horticulture Department, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla County, Yunnan, China
| | - Chuansheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, and Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Zhao H, Zhou T, Xie J, Cheng J, Chen T, Jiang D, Fu Y. Mycoparasitism illuminated by genome and transcriptome sequencing of Coniothyrium minitans, an important biocontrol fungus of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Microb Genom 2020; 6:e000345. [PMID: 32141811 PMCID: PMC7200069 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Coniothyrium minitans is a mycoparasite of the notorious plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. To further understand the parasitism of C. minitans, we assembled and analysed its genome and performed transcriptome analyses. The genome of C. minitans strain ZS-1 was assembled into 350 scaffolds and had a size of 39.8 Mb. A total of 11 437 predicted genes and proteins were annotated, and 30.8 % of the blast hits matched proteins encoded by another member of the Pleosporales, Paraphaeosphaeria sporulosa, a worldwide soilborne fungus with biocontrol ability. The transcriptome of strain ZS-1 during the early interaction with S. sclerotiorum at 0, 4 and 12 h was analysed. The detected expressed genes were involved in responses to host defenses, including cell-wall-degrading enzymes, transporters, secretory proteins and secondary metabolite productions. Seventeen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes (FCWDs) were up-regulated during parasitism, with only one down-regulated. Most of the monocarboxylate transporter genes of the major facilitator superfamily and all the detected ABC transporters, especially the heavy metal transporters, were significantly up-regulated. Approximately 8 % of the 11 437 proteins in C. minitans were predicted to be secretory proteins with catalytic activity. In the molecular function category, hydrolase activity, peptidase activity and serine hydrolase activity were enriched. Most genes involved in serine hydrolase activity were significantly up-regulated. This genomic analysis and genome-wide expression study demonstrates that the mycoparasitism process of C. minitans is complex and a broad range of proteins are deployed by C. minitans to successfully invade its host. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms of the mycoparasitism between C. minitans and S. sclerotiorum and identifies potential secondary metabolites from C. minitans for application as a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Daohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yanping Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
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Abad-Fuentes A, Agulló C, Esteve-Turrillas FA, Abad-Somovilla A, Mercader JV. Immunoreagents and competitive assays to fludioxonil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2742-2744. [PMID: 24635026 DOI: 10.1021/jf5001716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fludioxonil is a new-generation fungicide widely used for postharvest fruit protection. The aim of this study was to produce hitherto unreported immunoreagents for Fludioxonil analysis by immunoassay. Derivatives of this agrochemical were synthesized with different linker tethering sites. Those functionalized haptens were activated, and the purified active esters were efficiently conjugated to different carrier proteins for immunogen and assay antigen preparation. Antibodies to Fludioxonil were raised in rabbits, and their selectivity and affinity were characterized, revealing the significance of the linker. Those antibodies were evaluated using homologous and heterologous conjugates by direct and indirect competitive ELISA formats. Finally, a pair of immunoreagents was identified showing an IC50 value for Fludioxonil of 5.7 μg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Abad-Fuentes
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC) , Agustı́ Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain
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